动词的六种形态和十八种时态.doc

l 动词的六种形式 英语中的每一句话都必须要有主语和谓语动词，主语就像人的头，而谓语动词就像心脏一样重要。只要有了主语和谓语动词就可以基本构成一个简单的英语句子；一句话缺了谓语动词就够不成一句话；而英语说的每一句话都要表示一种时态或语态，还要表示出说话的人是单数还是复数。所以英语中的每一个动词都要有六种表现形式。名称动词：做动词：学习动词:打断be动词1.动词原形DoStudyBreakAm/is/are(复数）2.动词第三人称单数DoesStudiesBreaksis3.动词过去式DidStudiedbrokeWas（单三）were（复数）4.动词ing形式DoingStudyingbreakingBeing5.动词过去分词DoneStudiedbrokenBeen6.动词不定式To doTo studyTo break 注：be动词有两种含义，既可以表示状态，翻译为“是、存在、有”，又可以做助动词，此时没有词义，只是帮助一般动词构成一种语态或时态；它还有一种特殊功能，直接构成否定句和疑问句；而一般动词构成否定句和疑问句时必须加助动词； Do也有两种含义，1.可以作为一般动词解释为“做”；2.主要作为助动词，帮助构成否定句和疑问句；当do作为一般动词出现时，其否定句和疑问句还要再加助动词do； 动词的十六种时态时态一般动词do（做）一般动词break（打断）一般动词study（学习）一组1.一般现在时Do/does(单三）Break/breaksStudy/studies2.一般过去时Did（没有单三形式）Broke（过去式）Studied3.一般将来时Will + doWill + breakWill +study4.一般过去将来时Would + doWould + breakWould + study 进行时态用be动词：am/is/are表示进行,帮助一般动词构成进行时态，一般动词 + ing;二组5.现在进行时Am/is/are + doing现在式Am/is are + breakingAm/is/are + studying6.过去进行时Was/were + doing过去式Was/were + breakingWas/were + studying7.将来进行时Will + be + doing表将来 be表进行Will + be + breakingWill + be +studying8.过去将来进行时Would +be +doingWould + be + breakingWill + be + studying 完成时态用助动词：have/has/had来表示完成，帮助一般动词的过去分词形式（done）构成完成时态三组9.现在完成时Have/has + doneHave/has + broken(过去分词）Have/has + studied 10.过去完成时Had + doneHad + brokenHad + studied11.将来完成时Will + have + doneWill + have + brokenWill + have + studied12.过去将来完成时Would+ have +doneWould + have +brokenWould + have +studied 助动词have/has/had表示完成，be动词的过去分词been表示进行四组13.现在完成进行时Have/has+been+doingHave/has + been + breakingHave/hss + been +stuiying14.过去完成进行时Had + been + doingHad + been + breakingHad + been + studying15.将来完成进行时Will + have+been+doing Will + have + been + breakingWill + have + been + studying16.过去将来完成进行时Would+have+been+doing Would + have + been + breaking;Would + have + been + studying