动词变化规则表.doc

动词词形变化一览表：
(1)规则动词变化表：

规 则变 化
原形动词结尾情况
现在时单三人称
现 在 分 词
过去式和过去分词
一般情况
+s
+ing
+ed
s,x,ch,sh,o结尾
+es
+ing
+ed
辅音字母+y结尾
y→i,+es
+ing
y→i,+ed
重读闭音节一元一辅结尾
+s
双写辅音字母,+ing
双写辅音字母,+ed
不发音的e结尾
+s
去掉e,+ing
+d
ie结尾
+s
ie→y,+ing
+d
不规则变化
have→has；be→is
(无)
(见不规则动词变化表)
注意：①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。
②s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读[s]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[z]；在[ s ]、[ F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后读[iz].
③ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读[t]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[d]；在[t]、[d]后读[id].
(2)不规则动词变化表：( 原形 → 过去式 → 过去分词)
be(am,is)
was
been

lose
lost
lost
be(are)
were
been

make
made
made
beat
beat
beaten

may
might

become
became
become

mean
meant
meant
begin
began
begun

meet
met
met
blow
blew
blown

mistake
mistook
mistaken
break
broke
broken

must
must

bring
brought
brought

pay
paid
paid
build
built
built

put
put
put
buy
bought
bought

read
read
Read
can
could

ride
rode
ridden
catch
caught
caught

ring
rang
rung
choose
chose
chosen

rise
rose
risen
come
came
come

run
ran
run
cost
cost
cost

say
said
said
cut
cut
cut

see
saw
seen
dig
dug
dug

sell
sold
sold
do
did
done

send
sent
sent
draw
drew
drawn

set
set
set
drink
drank
drunk

shall
should

drive
drove
driven

shine
shone
shone
eat
ate
eaten

show
showed
shown
fall
fell
fallen

shut
shut
shut
feel
felt
felt

sing
sang
sung
find
found
found

sink
sank/sunk
sunk/sunken
fly
flew
flown

sit
set
set
forget
forgot
forgot/forgotten

sleep
slept
slept
freeze
froze
frozen

smell
smelt
smelt
get
got
got

speak
spoke
spoken
give
gave
given

spend
spent
spent
go
went
gone

spill
spilt
spilt
grow
grew
grown

spoil
spoilt
spoilt
hang
hung/hanged
hung/hanged

stand
stood
stood
have(has)
had
had

sweep
swept
swept
hear
heard
heard

swim
swam
swum
hide
hid
hidden

take
took
taken
hit
hit
hit

teach
taught
taught
hold
held
held

tell
told
told
hurt
hurt
hurt

think
thought
thought
keep
kept
kept

throw
threw
thrown
know
knew
known

understand
understood
understood
lay
laid
laid

wake
woke/waked
woken/waked
learn
learnt/learned
learnt/learned

wear
wore
worn
leave
left
left

will
would

lend
lent
lent

win
won
won
let
let
let

write
wrote
witten
lie
lay
lain

3、be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化：
一 般 现 在 时
一 般 将 来 时
现 在 完 成 时
I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….
(I等各人称) will be….
I am
He/She/It is going to be…
We/You/They are
I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….
一 般 过 去 时
过 去 将 来 时
过 去 完 成 时
I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….
(I等各人称) would be….
I was
He/She/It was going to be…
We/You/They were
I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….
注意：句型变化时,
否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写)；
疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。

4、其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表：
现在 时态
一 般 现 在 时
现 在 进 行 时
一 般 将 来 时
现 在 完 成 时
谓语动词构成
动词用原形(单三加s / es)
(问句和否定句借用助词do / does)
am
is +动词-ing
are
will + 动词原形
am
is +going to+动词原形
are
have +过去分词
has
过去 时态
一 般 过 去 时
过 去 进 行 时
过 去 将 来 时
过 去 完 成 时
谓语动词构成
动词用过去式
(问句和否定句借用助词did)
was
+动词-ing
were
would + 动词原形
was
+going to+动词原形
were
had +过去分词