情态动词讲解和练习题(含答案).doc

高中英语情态动词一、考点、热点回顾情态动词的用法1. can 用法1）表示能力，与be able to同义，但can只用于现在时和过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。Two eyes can see more than one. 注：Can you ? Yes, I can / No,I cant.2).表示允许、请求用could比can 语气更加委婉客气，常用于could I /you .?句型中，若表示同意时，用can回答而不用could .Could I borrow the book ? No, you cant .3）表示推测 “可能”常用于否定句或疑问句中。（cant表示一定不是）It cant be true .Can it be true ?2. may 用法1）表允许，请求= can 表示许可或征求对方的许可，常于第一人称连用。注：May I .? Yes ,you may No, you cant / mustnt .在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly.2）表推测，可能、也许。常用于肯定句中。Maybe he knows the news .=He _ _ the news. 3. must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。We must do everything step by step. 注：Must I .? Yes, you must / No,you neednt(dont have to ).-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now? -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 2）mustnt 表禁止、不允许。 You mustnt talk to her like that.3）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中must改为can .He must be ill. He looks so pale. Shes wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 注：must表推测时，其反义疑问句与must后面的动词一致。There must be something wrong ,_ _? 4.need的用法 need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要否定句或疑问句中。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。1).用作情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中。a).Need I .? Yes , you must / No, you neednt . Need we finish the work today ?Yes you _? A.need B.can C. may D.must b).need + do sth . 变否定句：neednt do sth 变疑问句：Need sb do sth ?2).用作实义动词a).need + to do sth . We need _(buy) some school things . 变否定句：dont /doesnt /didnt +need to do sth . 变疑问句：Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth ? Yes , do/ does / did No, sb dont / doesnt /didnt .You dont need to do it yourself. b).当主语是物时。Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to be done .The table needs painting . =The table needs _ _ _ .5.had better 的用法 1). had better + 动词原形 = Its best to do sth . You had better _ (stay )at home . = _ _ _ stay at home . 2). Had better not +动词原形 We had better _(not play ) the computer games .6.must 与have to 1).一般情况下，两者可互换。 must = have to 2).must “必须，应该”表示说话人的主观看法，即说话人认为必须干某事。（内在原因） have to “必须，不得不”强调客观需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事。（外界原因） I cant stop playing the computer games . For your health ,Im afraid you _. A.can B.may C.must D.had to 情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法1.情态动词后跟完成式，表“原本应该干某事，而实际上没干”I should have finished the work earlier. He isnt here. He must have missed the train. 2. 情态动词后跟进行式，表示“想必正在”，“可能正在”，“应当正在”等意。Its twelve oclock. They must be having lunch. They may be discussing this problem. He cant be telling the truth. She shouldnt be working like that. Shes still so weak.情态动词的同义转换.1.can = be able to 2.must = have to 3.neednt = dont have to 4.need do sth = need to do sth .二、典型例题1.(2010 .河北中考) Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?Yes, you _.A. must B. can C. may D. need【答案】A2.（2010娄底中考） Must I be in hospital for a week， Doctor? No， you . You can go back home tomorrow. A.mustnt B.neednt C. must 【答案】B3.(2010.盐城中考)The desk is not dirty.You_clean it.A.mustntB.shouldntC.neednt C.cant【答案】C4.(2010.内江中考)What is your mother going to do this Saturday? -Im not sure.She_go to see my grandmother.A.canB.mustC.may【答案】C5.(2010潍坊中考)Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? -No, it _be her. She_ to Japan.A.mustnt ; has gone B.mustnt ;has beenC.cant ;has gone D.cant ;has been【答案】C6. （2010南京中考）Its the library! So you_ know shouting is not allowed here.A.canB.mustC.needD.may【答案】B7.(2010.衢州中考) Boys and girls . dont forget your report . It _ today . A. cant finishB. cant be finishedC. should finishD. should be finished【答案】D8.(2010.无锡中考)Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. -No, he_ ,because he didnt know my address.A.couldntB.cantC.mustntD.may not【答案】A9.（2010扬州中考）Must I mop up the follr now? -No,you_.A.needntB.cantC.shouldntD.mustnt【答案】A10 （2010成都中考）The lake is said to be dry. Is that ture? -It _.Look ,some kids are swimming in it.A. must be true B. cant be trueC. may not be true【答案】B11. (2009绍兴中考) Another cup of coffee?-No, thanks. I _ be off. Mary is waiting for me.A. can B. may C. must D. might【解析】选C。考查情态动词must的用法。结合关键信息“Mary is waiting for me.”可知题意为“我必须离开了”，故排除A、B、D三项，选C。12. (2009阜康中考) -Im a little tired. Lets go to the zoo by taxi.-We take a taxi. Its not far from here. A. cant B. mustnt C. couldnt D. neednt【解析】选D。四个选项都是情态动词的否定式，结合关键信息“Its not far from here.”可知“我们不必乘出租车”，故排除A、B、C三项，选D。13. (2009绵阳中考) -Lets go to the West Hill Park by taxi.-Oh, it is not far away from here. We _take a taxi.A. couldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. cant【解析】选C 14. (2009宿迁中考) Must I finish watering the flowers now?-No, you_.A. must B. wont C. neednt D. cant【解析】选C。考查对must开头的一般疑问句的回答。以must开头的一般疑问句，作否定回答时用情态动词neednt，故正确答案为C。15. (2009江西中考) Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.-It _ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. must B. might C. cant D. shouldnt 【解析】选A。考查情态动词must表示肯定的推测。结合关键信息“I never even dream about it.”可知题意为“它肯定是非常贵的”，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。三、课后练习16. (2009苏州中考) It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes. A. must B. can C. should D. would 【解析】选B17. (2009泰安中考) -Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?-No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.A. needntB. may not C. mustnt D. cant【解析】选D。本题考查cant表示否定的推测。四个选项都是情态动词的否定形式，分别意为“不能；不可能”、“千万不能”、“应该”、“可以；可能”。结合关键信息“He has gone to Japan.”可知“他不可能是约翰教授”应选D。18. (2009重庆市) Can you play the piano?-Yes, I _. I often practice it on weekends.A. neednt B. need C. cant D. can 【解析】选D。以can 引导的一般疑问句再作肯定回答时还是用can。19. (2009常州中考) -_I borrow these magazines?-Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.A. Must B. Would C. May D. Need 【解析】选C 20. (2009东营中考) If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its dangerous.A. dont B. neednt C. mustnt D. wouldnt【解析】选C 21. (2009武汉中考) -May I watch TV for a while？-No, you _. You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont【解析】选C。对于情态动词may的一般疑问句的肯定回答为：Yes，you may / can . 否定回答为：No, you mustnt.22. (2009北京市) -_ you swim?-Yes, but Im not a good swimmer.A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must【解析】选A。考查情态动词can的用法。结合题意“你会游泳吗？”“是的，但是我不是一个好游泳员”可排除B、C、D三项，选A。23. (2009河南中考) -Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?-Im not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He know.A. can B. may C. need D. shall 【解析】选B。考查情态动词may表示推测。结合前句“Im not sure. Ask our monitor, please.”可知题意为“他可能知道（我们将在哪里开班会）”，故选B。may表示可能性的推测，常用在肯定句中。24. (2009山东中考) How is your friend coming?-Im not sure. He _ drive here.A. may B. can C. must D. will【解析】选A25. (2008长沙中考) -Is Lucy knocking at the door?-No. It _ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. neednt B. must C. cant【解析】选C。考查情态动词cant表示推测的用法。cant表示否定的推测；must表示肯定的推测。由题意“不可能是露西，她现在在日本”可知应选C。26. (2008苏州中考) We hope that as many people as possible _ join us for the charity show tomorrow.A. need B. can C. must D. should【解析】选B。考查情态动词can的用法。as many people as possible can意为“尽可能多的人”。27. (2008湖北中考) -Lets go to the concert tonight, Michael!-Sorry, I _. I have to help my mother with the houseworkA. mustnt B. may not C. neednt D. cant【解析】选D。考查情态动词cant的用法。由答语“我必须帮助我的母亲做家务”知“我不能去参加音乐会”，故选D。28. (2008河南中考) -Our class won the English speaking contest.-Congratulations! You _ be very proud of it.A. can B. need C. would D. must【解析】选D29. (2008南昌中考) If the traffic light is red, you _ cross the road. Its very dangerous.A. dont B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt【解析】选B。考查情态动词mustnt的用法。mustnt意为“一定不能”，由“很危险”可知用mustnt，故选B。30. (2008咸宁中考) -The sports shoes must be Lindas.-No, they _ be. Theyre too small for her.A. mustnt B. cant C. may not D. might not【解析】选B7