心理学第三章consciousness.pptx

心理学第三章心理学第三章consciousnessChap 3Consciousness知觉 意识Not to be confused with conscience不要让意识混淆自己Awareness of our self and our surroundings随时注意到自己 和自己的周围Other ideasAwareness of awareness意识到意识Being aware that you are aware注意自己注意到的东西Multi consciousness多重意识Selective Attention and other phenomenon选择性注意Selective AttentionBroadbent布罗德本特Focusing awareness on a particular stimulus一个特定意识的专注研究Selective Attention and other phenomenonCocktail Party Effect鸡尾酒会效应Can listen to one person in a group人群中专注于一个人的说话Listening to the group you are with at a party人群中专注于你自己朋友们的对话Someone in a group behind you mentions your name你周围提到你名字的人Your attention shifts to the conversation behind you在不同人身上转换注意力Wouldnt mind if I did在意无碍Unconscious processing潜意识过程Definitions定义Biological Rhythms生物节律Menstruation月经Circadian 生理节奏time and tides岁月顺流逆流 rule us all 影响我们所有的人Waking醒着Body temp体温Sleeping睡眠To sleep perchance to dreamTo sleep:perchance to dream:ay,theres the rub;睡眠偶尔创造梦境：嗨，小心障碍物 For in that sleep of death what dreams may come在梦境中 梦想成真（what dreams may come电影美梦成真）When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,当我们摆脱尘世烦恼 Must give us pause:theres the respect 人们需要暂停，需要有尊重That makes calamity of so long life;生命中难免有艰辛Sleep睡眠Definition定义Periodic natural loss of consciousness定期的自然丧失意识Kinda maybe but not complete但不是全部There is awareness of surroundings对周围还有意识There is awareness of“biological needs”生理需要清醒Anyone else ever have a dream有没有从来没做过梦的How about a lucid one一个清晰的怎么样Five Stages of sleep睡眠五阶段One(beta alpha theta)（希腊字母 最初时间消耗值）Hypnagogic入睡前发生的Two(Theta)时间递耗Sleep Spindle 梭状波睡眠Three(Delta)Delta wave sleep 波睡眠FourDelta wave sleep梦游Sleep walk wet the bed尿床Night terrors梦惊REM(Alpha,Theta,desynchronous)异步不同期Dream and nightmares噩梦Five Stages of sleepThis is a cycle五个睡眠阶段是一个循环行为通常为九十分钟一循环睡眠深度循环通常如下1,2,3,4,3,2,REM,或者2,3,4,3,2,REMEach cycle less time in deep sleep(3 and 4)and more in REM最深度睡眠3或4的减少会造成最后阶段REM的加时About 90 minutesSleepSo why do this everyday 为什么每天要睡觉As kids we fight to stay up 我们每天逼孩子们睡觉Simply put we have to sleep to avoid death 我们睡觉时为了避免死亡Just like就像Breathing呼吸Drinking喝水Eating吃饭Ok I skip sleep last night will I die 我昨晚没睡觉 我会死吗？Maybe maybe not 也许.也许不会Effects of sleep loss(including but not limited to)睡眠缺失的影响（包括但不限于）Aching muscle,blurred vision,weaken immune system,temp.color blindness,depression,drowsiness,decrease attention,decrease mental alertness,fainting,headaches,increase in accidents,memory lapses,confusion,dark circles under eyes,slurred speech,nonsensical speech,nausea,vomiting,肌肉疼痛 视力模糊 免疫系统减弱 间歇色盲 沮丧 困倦 注意力下降 精神机敏性下降 昏厥 头痛 事故率上升 记忆力差错 混淆 黑眼圈 言语不清 无意义言谈 恶心 呕吐I think you get the picture 我想你懂了吧lest I forget BAD GRADES 免得我忘了严重的程度SleepDisorders无秩序混乱小病Insomnia失眠症Narcolepsy嗜眠发作SleepDisordersSleep Apnea睡眠呼吸暂停症Night Terrors夜惊Perchance to dreamWhat are dreams梦境According to our bookSequence of images,thoughts,emotions while asleep景象，想法，感情的续发出现According to Freud佛洛依德说A method to release unacceptable feelings and desiresSee ID Ego and Super Ego(Chap 12)过度自负梦境是释放不被接受的感受和欲望的地方Dream Theories梦境原理Freud佛洛依德 Release valve for repressed feelings 压抑情绪的放气阀Two parts to a dream梦境的两部Manifest content心理梦境Latent content潜性内容Interpret on unconscious desires of the ID typically sexual or aggressive 翻译无意识欲望 典型性别的 好斗的Dream TheoriesJung荣格Dreams were a way of communicating and acquainting ourselves with the unconscious.梦境是我们交流与认识自己的潜意识途径Dreams can help solve problems梦境可以帮助我们解决问题Dreams are a window to our unconscious潜意识的窗口 Collective Unconscious集体无意识 Universal archetypes普遍生物原型Self,Shadow,Anima,Animus(the four mains)自我，阴影，灵魂，意图（四元素）Cultural mostly文化作用Dream Theories梦境原理JungFour Archetypes.Revisited四原型 重游Self自我The unified being 统一的存在Shadow阴影Close to Freuds Id(mysterious and often disagreeable)神秘的 时常为人不喜的Anima灵魂Feminine 女性的Animus意图natural and primitive(male)自然的 和原始的（男性）Dream TheoriesInformation processing 信息加工Sort days events日常事件File memories 文档式记忆Dream TheoriesPhysiological生理学的Helps the brain restore develop and preserve neural pathways提高大脑存贮信息能力 保护神经通路Dream TheoriesActivation Synthesis激活综合体Random neural activity as we sleep随机神经活动Apply Gestalt here应用完全形态Trying to make a meaningful something out of the chaos试着在混乱中找出意味深长的某物Dream TheoriesCognitive认知的Reflect knowledge and understanding of dreamer反射梦者的知识和理解Dream TheoriesLatest Theory Threat Simulation凶兆模拟的最新理论Evolutionary Psychology进化心理学Aids in survival艾滋病幸存者Most about being chased被追逐Practice for fight/flight打架练习Mirror neurons (coming soon in Chap 7)镜像神经元Dream TheoriesDisney迪斯尼Wish your heart makes希望你的心创造出的When youre fast asleep当你快速入睡In dreams you will loose you heartaches在梦里你将不再心痛What ever you wish for you keep只有你想要保持的东西Hypnosis催眠Definition定义Social interaction in which hypnotist suggest to subject certain feelings,thoughts,sensations,emotions,and behavior will spontaneously occur 实施催眠者提出 社会交流中人们会不由自主地发生感觉、思考、情感、行为倾向HypnosisTheories催眠理论Dissociation分离Split裂缝 Social influence theory社会影响说Roles角色Hypnosis催眠Fact and fiction现实与虚构Anyone can be hypnotized任何人可以被催眠Is great for memory retrieval对记忆力恢复非常有效Make you act like a chicken可以使你行为像小孩Can be therapeutic可以治疗Help with pain减轻疼痛Feels good改善心情