48个国际标准音标及发音规则.doc

_48个国际音标表Vowels元音i:ie:u:eiaii aIeConsonants辅音pbtdkgfvszmnlrhwjtdtrdrtsdz英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音元音长元音/:/:/:/i:/U:/短元音/ / e / / / / / / / / / / 双元音 /e/a/ /e/ /a/辅音10对清辅音 p t k f s ts tr t 浊辅音 b d g v z dz dr d 3个鼻音 m n 3个似拼音 h r l2个半元音 w j有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 关于语音的几个概念: 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个 辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e ,这时元音发字母本身的音。如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant 1 元音:1) i: 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) i发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) e 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author delicious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen Saturday 7) 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough blood flood8) u: 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude9) 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 10） :字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 11) 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch 12） a: 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 13) ai 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye14) au 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town15）ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey 16) 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea18) 字母组合our ower tour 19） 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 20）e 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care2 容易混淆的元音 e bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said i： ei real rail greet great mean main read raid e ai bet bite red write said side head hide au : house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn fan fun tan tun san son tank tun 3辅音 1) ppen pear play pig pour pull push 2) bbook big boot bike bread break3）m man make moon morning move come comb4）f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 5）d door dull desk dad food land6) t tree two ten ton lent want 7) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 8）l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul9）g girl good goal goat grade long language10) k king kite key look cook book sky (k在s后浊化为g) (发间字母k) card cat cream correct climb come (发音字母c) fox box x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule scheme (字母组合ch) 11）h hot hop home house horse how who 12)d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 13）t child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 14） sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 15） 16）r read red right run room write 17 s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 18)z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 19) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 20) that this thos 21）j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 22) uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 23) v very evening even every voice vest 24) w when what where window wind wood 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的辅音 v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well s sink think mass math miss myth sort sought z close cloth breeze breathe n thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 5字母，组合音节发音规律 1）a late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4）o lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble 58英语学习 support suggest 6）c country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere here mere fere sere there 17) ir shirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door floor 19) or short form corn born for work world worm word worst tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor door floor moor poor boor 21) our hour tour flour bourn lour pour court four mourn 22) ou house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow window meadow know show low now town how down cow 24) se nose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house 25) th thank think thought cloth clothes that this then than 26) sion tension progression passion provision conclusion television 27) tion 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