高中音标教学.doc

学习音标并不是难事，但是意义却非常深远！
1. 发音准确，说地道的英语
2. 拼读法记忆单词
很多同学老是花很多时间记单词，但又很快忘记了。原因就是靠死记硬背字母，这种死板的记忆方法是不科学的。英语的发音内在有其极为强大的规律，会了国际音标是完全可以用来背单词。记忆单词的时候，发音的规律自然产生作用，使得同学只要知道读音就基本可以拼写出单词，甚至可以自己检验单词拼写有否错误。很大程度上，能节省学生记单词的时间和不少痛苦。
3. 提高学生的自主学习性，增加词汇量
在学生在没有学习音标之前，都是很依赖老师。老师读一个单词，同学跟着读一个，很多同学怕自己忘了就用中文或者奇怪的符号标注，但过后发现又不知怎样发音了。条件好点的学生会借助于电子词典等的学习工具。但是学会了音标可以轻松解决这些问题，更使学生的学习更主动有效。即使老师没有教你读音，自己也可以根据音标拼读出来。英语世界数十万单词，不可能每个都依赖老师，遇到不懂的单词可以通过拼读轻松把它记下来。4.整体语感提高
　 掌握音标之后，学校的课文可以很流畅地朗读。语感也随着这样的日常训练逐步提高，对学生应对语法选择、完形填空和阅读理解等题目有一种无形的助力。
48个国际音标
元 音
12个单元音
长元音
[a:]
[ә:]
[i:]
[ɔ:]
[u:]

短元音
[Λ]
[ә]
[i]
[ɔ]
[u]
[æ]
[e]

8个双元音
[ai]
[ei]
[ɔi]
[iә ]
[eә ]
[uә ]
[au]
[әu]

辅 音
10对
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[s]
[∫]
[t∫]
[tr]
[θ]
[ts]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
[v]
[z]
[3]
[d3]
[dr]
[ð]
[dz]
3个鼻音
[m]
[n]
[η]

3个似拼音
[h]
[r]
[l]

2个半元音
[w]
[j]

辅音
爆破音： [p][t][k] [b][d][g]
摩擦音： [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð]
破擦音： [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [t∫] [t3]
鼻辅音： [m] [n] [η]
Lesson 1元音[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 学习
Ø [i:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee
e: me be she he we evening
ee: sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three green feel meet need
ea: meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean
1. Please have a seat. Seeing is believing.
2. I like coffee, I like tea, I like you to play with me.
3, There is a little bee, coming from the apple tree. Flying in the flowers. And can’t see me.
4. Can you see the green leaves of each tree in the field?
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。
1.seat rain bean cat 2.gift feet teacher dog
3.pig star tree jeep 4.sweet sea fish the
Ø [i] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay
i: pig fish in fifteen six mix fix ship thin miss sit picture list
e: begin behind jacket basketball
y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny many lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy
ey: monkey money
ay: Sunday Saturday Friday
Let’s read, Sit in your seat and listen carefully
A little pill may well cure a great ill.
Be quick, be quick, we will go to the cinema, what is it, it is a ticket.
根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。
1.sofa sit kick lip 2.ink gift jam ship
3.hand picture big sister 4.hot lick pig jelly
Bill was beating a big beast with his big fist，and his big fist was badly bitten by the big beast．(比尔正用他的大拳头打一头大野兽，但他的大拳头被这只大野兽狠狠地咬了一口。)
Ø [ә:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or
er: her serve term
ir: bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirt
ur: nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain turn burn hurt
ear: early learn earn heard
or: word work world
I have to work early tomorrow.
Words are not for hurting other people.
The nurses in skirts washed thirty dirty shirts.
The nurse saw a turtle on her purple curtain.
根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。
1.thirty beer thirsty wheat 2. bank king her nurse
3.turtle bird rabbit knee 4.room run shirt term
Ø [ә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a e
ure: picture
er: teacher brother dinner father sister remember player speaker farmer
ar: sugar
or: doctor actor inventor
a: panda about above camera sofa China ago elephant banana Japan
I love China. China and America should always work together.
根据发音规则，找出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。
1.mother sofa road smile 2.sit father sister food
3. hair deer tiger China 4.sugar soon ear leader
音标[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 练习
1. 找出下列没有相同发音的词。
①he feet bread green ②pig is dog ship
③thirty bird her food ④she big in money
⑤sweets fish teacher we ⑥teacher sister about girl
⑦tiger first work shirt ⑧tree bean clean chin
⑨father doctor skirt china ⑩happy sea sit picture
2. 读音标写单词。
[bi:] [bә:d] [si:] [swi:t] [′bizi] [hә:] [′dɔktә] [′sistә] [li:f] [hi:]
Lesson 2音标[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]学习
Ø [ɔ:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a aw al or oor
a: water
aw: draw strawberry
al: ball wall small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
or: horse corn fork or short
oor: floor door
1. I am Paul, I am four, I am tall, give me a call.
2. The four tall reporter are talking about sports.
3. Miss Mo, She’s tall. She has a dog, it’s small. She likes walking and riding a horse
根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。
1.tall bird bread poor 2.idea chair sport hare
3.cake bear walk cup 4.drink short bag milk
Ø [ɔ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o a
o: fox box dog fog shop coffee doctor long hot lot lost loss dollar
a: watch want wash
Bob Bob Bob is an orange dog
Tom's got a lot of dots on his pocket. He will use a lot of hot water to wash off the dots,
据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。
1.doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog
3.love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl
Ø [u:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo ui
o: do who whose
oo: food moon too noon
ui: fruit juice
u: ruler rude true blue
根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。
1. juice moon zoo panda 2. tooth broom eye spoon
3. head boot noodles pool 4. noon cool boot watch
Ø [u]发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo u
o: woman wolf
oo: look good book foot wood book wood
u: bull bullet put push
练习：
Green Wood, Mike Cook, Please have a look, I have a good book.
Good cookies could be cooked by a good cook，if a good cook could cook good cookies．(如果一个好厨师能烤出好面包，那就让他来烤面包。)
根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。
1.mouth book look pull 2.push tape sugar foot
3.wood kind wolf bull 4.bullet wood cook name
二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。
①moon food eat fruit ②true book wood look
③four small walk bird ④got clock shop shirt
⑤bus foot push book ⑥lost ball long ox
⑦ruler dog mooncake blue ⑧big ship horse it
三. 写出单词或音标。
[bru:m] [dɔ:] [sit] [bә:d] [fut] [wi:] [dɔg] [′sistә]
look do water good too foot clock first work sister doctor sea
Lesson 3 音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习
Ø [a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear
a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last
ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf
au: laugh aunt
ear: heart
it is too far to see the shark, it is too dark to see the shark, oh, the shark’s teeth are sharp
Bark bark bark The dog is barking after the car.
The farmer has a large farm and a car.
After art class we put down sunglasses and sit on the grass.
A large army marched past the farmyard.
Master Carl asks his class not to go to the parks to play cards.
[pɑ:st] 经过 ['fɑ:m jɑ:d]农家宅院
根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。
1.arm lip doctor card 2. cloud cart garden gate
3.ball scarf dark tiger 4. job lorry March park
Ø [Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou
o: son come colour love money mother brother love above
u: nut jump bus brush supper us up supper lunch fun cup bus
ou: touch cousin country trouble
Enough is enough ! Just shut up. What’s up? Nothing much.
Hurry up! hurry up, a duck cuts a dug in the mud.
The ugly man has one hundred ducks
To run and play under the sun is fun. When your work is done, come out in the sun and have some fun.
根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。
1.hear cup bed air 2. voice boy duck ant
3.vase corn bear gun 4. cute boy money her
Ø [æ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a
a: dad cap map mad cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black back fat has stand rat
I’m a cat, cat, cat in a cap, cap, cap.
A fat man sat on a black cat and the black cat was squashed [skwɔʃd]压扁flat, for the man was mad.
Cat, cat, catch that fat rat
The fat cat sat on the black mat.
根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。
1.rat bed face sport 2.hear cup fat pear
3.rice bat finger tree 4.sea young knife apple
Ø [e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e a ea
e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen best bed lession
ea: bread head breakfast
a: any many
Breakfast is ready. Let’s get together again soon.
Well, let’s get everything ready! Ann sent Andy ten hens and Andy sent Ann ten pens.
An elevator on Everest is an Everest elevator
Ted has an egg and some bread and goes to bed.
根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。
1.cat well leg pen 2.sweat map pet elephant
3. egg ten tall desk 4.bread head bed toy
二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。
1. car arm food garden 2. true jump bus cut
3. bag short map flag 4. egg pen head small
5. got clock bell dog 6. rabbit book wood foot
7. rat bat apple ten 8. gun star duck moneg
四. 选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，
1. hat fast cook last 2. jeep door sun gum
3. dad cap hand map 4. star car cut from
Lesson 4元音音标[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [au]练习
Ø [ei] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ai ay
a: cake make name game snake gate lazy
ai: rain train wait
ay:day May play taday way
1. Hello Kate, hello May. They are playing by the lake.
David ,David .You are so late. Come on ,David. Let’s make a birthday cake
2. The baby and the lady are playing by the lake.
3. Kate often makes birthday cakes on holiday.
4. David is saying”Maybe Kate can’t skate.”
5. Rain Rain, go away, come another day, little kids want to play, Rain, Rain, go away.
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发音不一样的单词。
1.face wave sheep tail 2.grape plane name coat
3.time tape train snake 4.rain soap cake train
Ø [ai] 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy
i: kite bike nice tiger write knife
y: by cry fly my sky try why
ie: tie pie
uy: buy
Mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night,
Strike while the iron is hot.
There is no need to light a night light at a light night like tonight.
根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.
1.rice good jam right 2.ship mine ice-cream mouse
3.cloud sit tie eye 4.write small tennis kite
Ø [ɔi] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy
oi: oil boil coin
oy: boy toy
One boy is a boy, Two boys are half boy, Three boys are no boy,
A spoiled boy destroyed a toy for joy.
[spɔil] 被宠坏的
根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ɔi]的2个单词.
1.soil hear soy cold 2. rabbit bed boy noise
3.walk voise boil word 4. tea enjoy toy milk
Ø [au] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow
ou: house mouse mouth trousers
ow: flower cow how now down
The brown cow is out now.
A mouse ran into a cow’s mouth in front of the house.
根据发音规则，选出不发[au]的单词。
1．mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth
3. town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby
二. 选出下列没有发相同发音的词
1. cake egg rain May 2. kite cry broom fly
3. boy joy cat noise 4. blouse sun cow house
5. tower flower mouth arm
Lesson 5 元音音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习
Ø [әu] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa ow
o: nose rose poen over
oa: boat coat soap goat
ow:show window snow bowl
Leo. Leo. Let us go, you are too slow, I don’t hope so.
Today is cold. Don’t forget to put on your coat.
Rose is in the boat. She wants to have a coat.
Put on your coat. You know you have a cold.
You can go to school by boat.
I don't know why Joan showed a yellow coat to the goat in the snow.
根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[әu]的2个单词。
1．coat goat tree river 2.make window knife road
3. your white row coat 4.boat hen nose lamp
Ø [iә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer
ear: ear hear tear
eer: deer beer
Open your ear, listen to my idea, give the deer a glass of bear, is it clear?
根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[iә]的1个单词。
1.bear beer fair tail
2.noodles pair near come
3.horse near tower air
4. ring king here three
Ø [eә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合air ear
air: hair chair pair
ear:pear bear wear
1. A bear is eating the pear over there. You must care the pear on the chair.
2. I like the toy bear. I often brush its hair.
3. I have a pear near the chair.
4. The man with fair [fɛə] adj. 公平的美丽的hair dare not repair their chair there because there is a bear there. 【dɛə】v. 敢
根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[eә]的1个单词。
1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come
3.horse house tower air 4. ring king hare three
Ø [uә] 发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ure
oor: poor our: tour ure: sure pure
The tourist toured the moor in February.
根据发音规则，圈出每组中发[uә]的1个单词。
1.clear tourist pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb fury
3.beard cure tower air 4. voice king pure engineer
音标[әu] [iә] [eә] [uә]的练习
二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词。
1. mouth coat goat window 2. dear beer cake teacher
3. pair boy air hare 4. poor tour Europe cry
5. boat bike side fly

Lesson 8辅音音标[∫] [3] [t∫] [d3]练习
Ø [∫] 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh
s: sugar sure
sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[∫]的2个单词。
1. shell ship watch desk
2. truck shirt skirt ship
3. brush carrat sheep sleep
4. hero shape street shelf
She sells sea shells [ʃel] 贝壳 on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure.
An English fisherman wishes to get a foolish fish for a cold dish.
Ø [3]发这个音的字母和字母组合s
s: television, usually, Asia
measure a garage,
an unusual collision; a great decision;
my pleasure
Television gave me pleasure, pleasure makes treasure.
根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中发[3]的2个单词。
1. shell ship garage desk 2. truck shirt pleasure ship
3. brush casual sheep sleep 4. hero shape leisure shelf
Ø [t∫]发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch
ch: teacher peach cherry chair
tch: watch match
Charlie is catching a chicken in the kitchen.
This is a Kitten in the kitchen．
In the kitchen I fry the chicken．
A fly flies into the kitchen while I frv the chicken．
(厨房里有一只小猫，我在厨房做炸鸡，当我在做炸鸡时，一只苍蝇飞进厨房。)
The chief [tʃi:f] 首领charge [tʃɑ:dʒ]指控，控告 against John is that he cheated the judge.
根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发[t∫]的单词，并抄下来。
1 chair dumpling beach cheese 2 night she monkey
3 China church these flower egg 4 dream shark chick catch
Ø [d3]发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge
g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage
Waterloo bridge is a famous bridge.
Something has changed, it is not strange.
Jenny and Jimmy went to Jamaica [dʒə'meikə]牙买加and Germany in January, but Joan and John went to Jordan[dʒɔ:dn]约旦 and Japan in June and July.
根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发[d3]的单词。
1 egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job 2 gift gate orange drug jeans gun
二. 选出下列具有相同发音的单词。5. grass chi