微观经济学presentation.ppt

Topic By examples explain how demographic characteristics affect market demand.Also discuss how Chinese demographic characteristics have changed and how these changes affect market demand.Population Population DistributionPopulation structureThe relationship between the number of Population and market demand李楠5/21/20243Impact of population size on market demand under a market economyThe more population,the more needs usually.5/21/202445/21/202455/21/202465/21/20247The first phase of high growth(19491957)The founding of the Peoples Republic of China society is stable and economy is developing,peoples living standards and health conditions continue to improve.Until 1957,total number of Chinas population is 647million.5/21/20248Low population growth phase(19581961)From 1959 to 1961natural disasters for three consecutive yearsnatural population growth rate had decreased.5/21/20249The second phase of high growth(19621970)Having experienced the disasters,the situation of the economy had been improved,and population mortality began to decline dramatically to reach the second baby boom.5/21/202410Control population growth phase(19711980)Chinese government plan to carry out the policy of birth control.“One child”policy.5/21/202411The third phase of high growth(19811990)Because the babies from the second phase of high growth were starting to the age of having children and modification of marriage law,another baby boom had appeared.5/21/202412Steady population growth phase(1991-)After entering the 1990s,with the improvement of family planning,the high birth rate in 1980s had been controlled and reached to a steady increase.5/21/202413example5/21/2024142Population Distribution 高瑜晨5/21/202417Conclusion:Gather in the eastEnormous population in cityPlain more than basin5/21/202418ExampleTransportation5/21/202419The changes 200820085/21/202420946Featureseast-36west-642200/per square2/per square5/21/202421KrisInfluenceReasonslLarge population densitylHigh average incomelThe urbanization developmentlGood location2InfluenceReal estateUrbanizationhigh price in the citymore for the ecomomic use public facilities build houses near the villagedistribution3InfluenceReal estatehigh price in the super cities33000 per square in pudong3000 city centre of Inner Mongolia distribution3InfluenceReal estatelive in countryside super citieslive in centre small citiesPopulation Structure 3王晓康5/21/2024265/21/202427Change one:The ratio between men and womenIt is reported that the growth rate of boys has increased 15%in recent 10 years,while the rate of girls just has increased 8.3%.The ratio between boys and girls is 119:100,it is imbalanced.5/21/202428Influence For example,the imbalance will affect the estate market.Because many marriageable age boys worry about their houses.The demand of houses will increase and then raise the house price.5/21/202429Enterprise imbalanced sex ratio The related Industries will be imbalanceInfluence 5/21/202430Examples:For much work,they are willing to recruit boys,because they think boys can take more workforce and have greater capability to manipulate,especially some physical work and aerospace work and so on.5/21/202431In recent years,the population aged 60 and above increased by 2.93 percent,the population aged 65 and over increased by 1.91 percent.Change two:Population aging 5/21/202432InfluenceBring opportunities to the tourism market.More and more older people are willing to travel to play.15/21/2024332The number of labor in labor market will reduce.3Social welfare and health care market will develop.4Medical device market will be more comprehensive.5/21/202434Change three:Urbanization In 2007,Chinas urbanization rate reached 44.9%.In 2008,Chinas urbanization rate reached 45.68%.In 2009,Chinas urbanization rate has reached 46.59%.In 2010,Chinas urbanization rate has risen to 49.7%.In 2011,Chinas urbanization rate has reached 51.27%.5/21/202435Influence Urbanization promote the development of the second and the third industry.5/21/202436Influence lead to continuous improvement of rural infrastructure It also stimulate domestic demand 5/21/2024375/21/202438