高考英语完型填空专题练习及答案.doc

Study hard and make yourself excellent and make our country stronger.完形填空练习【考点分析】主要考查语法知识、单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对基础相对薄弱的学生，尤其是英语语法基础相对薄弱的学生有一定的难度。【复习策略】掌握句子的基本结构首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构：（1）主语+谓语（+宾语+宾补）（2）主语+系动词+表语其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类：（1）充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。（2）充当谓语的一定是动词。（3）充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。（4）在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。（5）作状语的典型词类是副词。再次，我们还要掌握句子的扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类：（1）用and,but,or,while(而，却)，when（就在这个时候）等构成并列句。用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that等构成含状语从句的复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句是包含在复杂句这个概念里面的,在下文的基础写作部分有提到）。（3）用who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。（这里要提醒考生的是往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的，但也须结合句子结构来分析。）（4）用that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等构成含名词性从句的复合句。【解题方法】用句子结构分析法巧解语法填空.分析句子的结构对解答语法填空题很有帮助。在解答语法填空题时，分析句子结构可以迅速确定所要填的词语的词类或大致方向，若再结合语境就可以很快得出具体的词语或词形，结合语境方面要特别注意短文的时态和上下文中的一些提示。【经典例题】 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。The Internet has become part of young peoples life. _1_ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _2_ (use) information on the Internet _3_ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students dont use it _4_ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites _5_ shouldnt look at. So bad things may happen _6_ students spend too much time on the Internet._7_ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _8_ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice.Some students also make _9_ on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face _10_ (meet) with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place.【KEY及解析】1. A .从下文中可以看出这是一个报道表明,前文还没有出现,无须特指.考查冠词的用法.2. useful. 提示词use有名词和动词的词性，在这里是要一个形容词修饰imformation.考察词性的判定和转化。3. and. 从这个句子要表达的意思来看get 和 use是并列的谓语动词。4. in . 固定搭配，in a way 表示用某种方法。5. they. 这是一个省略了that/which 的定语从句，从句子成分来看，此句缺乏主语，是用来修饰websites,而关系代词在定语从句种作宾语，故省略，填they来作从句中的主语。6. if .从上一句话承接下来的一个结果，但用了情态动词may,此空应该填连词来引导一个条件状语从句。7. It. 形式主语it代替真正的主语-不定式to use the Internet.8. which. 通过句子分析法可以知道这是一个非限制性的定语从句。9. friends. 由语境，下文中online friends推断出make friends 这个短语。10. meeting . 提示词meet虽有名词词性，但have a meeting是习惯搭配。 2015年高考英语语法填空样题（新课标卷）（说明：材料为2014年语法填空真题，但答题要求有所变化）第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _61_ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _64_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _65_ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _66_ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _67_ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stop up and asked, “_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It is _69_ (I).” She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done. And the passengers _70_ (sudden) became friendly to one another.【参考答案】61. being 62. and63. disappointed 64. to65. caught66. to stop67. riding 68. Did69. me / mine 70. suddenly“I never expected that I would be so busy. Why cant there be 25 hours a day?” complained Liu Ran in Hong Kong as final exams were going on.The 18-year-old girl was Fujian Provinces _ scorer in last years college entrance examination. After leaving school, she chose the Chinese University of Hong Kong _ both Peking University and Tsinghua University promised her a place.“I want to experience a more international school and social life in Hong Kong. Im _ in journalism, so Hong Kong will surely help widen my horizons,” Liu said.It is about four months since Liu Ran set _ on Hong Kong. She missed home a lot at beginning, because of the food and _ problems.“ The canteen offers mostly Western or Guangdong food, but its convenient to cook for ourselves in our dorm if we like. People speak Cantonese and almost all classes are in English.” Liu explained.Her English and Cantonese are now improving, but she still needs more _ to adapt to the new environment.“Im happy that I made the right _ to study here. With a mix of the Eastern and Western _, there is so much to discover and learn,” she said.Keys: 1. top/highest 2. though/although 3. majoring/interested 4. foot 5. language 6. time 7. choice/decision 8. CulturesA college professor had his sociology calss go into the poor areas of Baltimore to do research _ 200 boys. The students in the sociology class were asked to write a predicition of each boys future. In every case the students wrote, “ He hasnt got a chance.” Twenty-five years _ another sociology professor came across the earlier study. He had his students follow up on the project to see what had _ to these days.With the exception of 20 boys who had moved away or died, the students learned that 176 of the remaining 180 had achieved more than ordinary success as lawyers, doctors and businessmen.The professor was surprised and decided to _ into the matter further. Fortunately, all the men were in the area and he was able to ask each one, “ How do you _ for your success? In each case the reply came with feeling, “ There was a teacher.”The teacher was still alive, so he sought her out and asked the old lady _ magic she had used to make these boys achieve success.The teachers _ sparkled and her lips broke into a gentle smile. “Its really very _ ,” she said, “I loved those boys.”Keys: 1. on 2.later 3. happened 4. look 5. account 6.what 7.eyes 8. simple An American soldier called his parents from San Francisco after a war. “ Mom and Dad, Im coming home, but Ive got a favor to ask. I have a friend Id like to bring _ me. “Sure,” they replied. “ wed love to meet him.” “Theres something you should know,” the son continued. “ he was hurt pretty _ in the fighting. He stepped on a land mine _ lost an arm and a leg. He has nowhere else to go, and I want him to come and live with us.” “Im sorry to hear that, son. Maybe we can help him find _ to live.” “No, Mom and Dad, I want him to live with us.” “ Son,” said the father, “ Somene like him would be a terrible burden on us. Just come home and forget about this guy. He will find a way to live on his _.” At that point , the son hung up the _ . A few days later, the parents received a call from the San Francisco police. Their son had died after falling from a building, _ the police believed was suicide. They went and recognized him, but _ their horror, they also discovered something they didnt expect: their son had only one arm and one leg. Key: 1. with 2. badly 3. and 4. somewhere 5. own 6. phone/telephone 7. which 8. to One morning, a blind boy sat on the steps of a building _ a hat next to his feet. He held a sign which said, “ I am blind. Please help me.”There were only a few coins in the hat, but a man walking by took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words on it. Soon the hat begam to fill up. That afternoon the man came to see _ things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked. “ Are you the one who changed my sign in the morning? What did you write?”The man said, “ I only wrote the truth. I said what you said, but in a different way.”What he had written was, “today is a beautiful day, but I cannot _ it.”Do you think the first sign and the second sign were saying the _ thing?Of course _ signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty of the day, _ the boy could not enjoy it because he was blind.The first sign simply said the boy was blind, while the second sign told people they were so lucky that they were no blind.There are at least two _ we can learn from this simple story.The first lesson is : Treasure what you have. Someone else has less. Try your best to help those who need your help.The second lesson is: Be creative. Think _. Theres always a better way.Key: 1. with 2. how 3. see 4. same 5. both 6. but 7. lessons 8. differentlyThanksgiving Day was near. The first grade teacher gave her class _ fun assignment - to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful.Most of the class would celebrate the holiday with turkey and other traditional goodies of the season. These, the teacher thought, would be the themes of most of her students art. And they were. Douglas made a different kind of picture, _ . when asked to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he drew a hand. Nothing else. Just an _ hand.His abstract image captured the imagination of his peers. Whose hand could it be? One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer, because farmers raise turkeys. _ suggested a police officers, because the police protect and care _ people. Still others guessed it was the hand of God, for God feeds us. And so the discussion went - until the teacher almost forgot the young artist himself.When the children had gone on to other assignments, she stopped at Douglas desk, bent down, and asked him _ hand it was. The little boy looked away and said, “its yours, teacher.”She recalled the times she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there, as she had the other students. How _ had she said, “Take my hand, Douglas,well go outside.” Or, “ let me show you how to hold your pencil,” Or, “ Lets do this together.” Douglas was mst thankful for his teachers hand. Brushing aside a tear, she went on with her work.The story speaks of more than thankfulness. It says something about teachers teaching and parents parenting and friends showing friendship, and how much it means to the Douglas of the world. They might not always say thanks, _ theyll remember the hand that reaches out.Key: 1. a 2. though 3. empty 4. Another 5. for / about 6. whose 7. often 8.but Jean Driscoll can go faster in her wheelchair than the worlds best marathoners can run! In April, Jean finished the Boston Marathon in 1 hour 34 minutes 22 _. Thats about 33 minutes _ than the winning male runner! She competed on the track, too. She was second in the 800-meter wheelchair demonstration race at the 1992 Olympics.Jean donesnt like to be told shes brave. “Im not in sports _ Im courageous,” she says. “ Its because Im a competitive person!” Jean was born with spina bifuda(脊椎裂), _ damaged his spine. She began to use a _ to get around in high school. Then she tried wheelchair soccer and was amazed. “ Players banged each other and _ out of their chairs,” she says. “ It was fun.”Jean tried other wheelchair sports. At the University of Illinis, _ wheelchair basketball team won two national titles.Now Jean coaches and teaches. She tried to get people to set goals. “ When I sign my autograph,” says Jean, “ I _ , Dream big and work hard.”Key: 1. seconds 2. faster/quicker 3.because 4. which 5. wheelchair 6.fell 7.her 8.write“连词+省略结构”的5种类型下面是福建省高考英语中的一道单选题：Although _ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.A. Against B. on C. for D. in此题答案选A。根据句首的although可知，前后两者句意思相反，故against。全句意为：虽然老教授不同意的观点，但他也提不出自己的观点。句中的although against my opinion为although he was against my opinion之省略，为“连词+省略结构”的一种。这类结构归纳起来主要有以下几种类型：一、连词+介词While at college, Delia wrote a novel. 上大学时，迪莉娅写了一部小说。Once in the examination hall, he forgot about all this. 他一进考场，这一切他都忘了。While in London, he studied the English labour movement. 在伦敦时他研究了英国的工人运动。二、连词+形容词He acted as if certain of success. 他表现得对成功很有把握似的。If possible, let me know beforehand. 如果可能，可在事前通知我。Though exhausted, he stayed up late. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍很晚才睡。Whenever possible, the children play outside. 每当可能，孩子们总在外边玩耍。Avoid structures of this kind wherever possible. 只要可能，都要避免这种结构。Her daughters were of some help, however small. 她的女儿们总能帮些忙，不管多小的忙。三、连词+现在分词She tremble a little while doing so. 她这样做时稍稍颤抖了一下。He tends to get carried away when watching wrestling on TV. 他一看电视中的摔跤就很兴奋。They were surprised by her openness when talking about her private life. 她谈起私生活时非常坦率，大家都很吃惊。注：以下两句中的before不是连词，而是介词，其的-ing动词为动名词，而非现在分词：Before giving evidence the witness had to take an oath. 证人作证前要先宣誓。It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised. 买房子不事先估价是不明智的。四、连词+过去分词He will come if asked. 他如被邀就会来。When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire. 有人问她时，她肯定了她将要退休。While locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中写出了第一部小说。When taken according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects. 若按说明服用，本药无任何副作用。五、连词+不定式Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to take a chance. 商业上的成功就在于把握时机。Smiling pleasantly, the stranger turned as if to speak to me. 那个陌生人面带愉悦的笑容，转身向我，似乎想对我说话。【温馨提示】1. “连词+省略结构”通常可视为一种紧缩的状语从句，即认为是省略了从句的主语（与主句主语一致）和主语后的动词be。如：Look out for cars when (your are) crossing the street. 过街时注意车辆。He acted as if (he was) certain of success. 他的举止就像一定会成功一样。有时可视为省略了it is（其中的it并非主句主句）。如：lf (it is) possible, please let me know by this evening. 如果可能的话，请在今晚以前告诉我。Where (it is) necessary, improvements will be made. 哪儿需要，就在哪儿改进。2. 并不是所有的状语从句都可以用以上办法来紧缩的，如原因从句就不能用这种办法来处理。3. 与上面提到的省略结构相似且经常在高考中出现的还有if not这一种形式。如：His pronunciation, if not good, is at least tolerable. 他的发音如果说不算好，也还过得去。If not today, tomorrow Im sure youll get an answer. 如果今天得不到回信，明天准能得到。Usually, if not always, we write “cannot” as one word. 我们即使不总是如此，也通常是把cannot作为一个词来写的。This is one of the oldest buildings in town, if not the oldest. 这是城里最古老的房屋之一，如果不是最古老的话。请看下现两道高考题：1. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. (全国I)A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with