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河南省高中英语必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions高频考点知识梳理
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单选题
1、Before ________ into the city, you are required to get your car________.
A.driving, washedB.driving, wash
C.driven, washingD.driven, to be washed
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:在开车进城之前,你必须把车洗一洗。before是介词,其后跟动名词作宾语,第一空是driving;get sth. done是固定短语,意为“使某物被……”,因此第二空是过去分词washed,表被动。故选A。
2、Lily is ________ now, for she doesn’t know whether her mother has got on the train safely.
A.eagerB.carefulC.curiousD.anxious
答案:D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Lily现在感到焦虑不安,因为她不知道她的妈妈是否安全地上了火车。A. eager渴望的;B. careful小心的;C. curious好奇的;D. anxious焦虑不安的。由语境可知,因为担心妈妈的安全而焦虑,故选D项。
3、In the room, we found her seated at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book.
A.fixingB.fixesC.fixedD.to fix
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:在房间里,我们发现她坐在书桌前,注意力正集中在一本书上。此处为with的复合结构,attention与fix构成被动关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故选C。
4、You have changed so much that I can hardly _______you.
A.disagreeB.swapC.conquerD.recognize
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:你已经改变很多了,以至于我都很难认出你了。A. disagree不同意;B. swap替换;C. conquer攻克;D. recognize认出。根据“You have changed so much ”可知,你变化太大了,我认不出你了。故选D项。
5、Simone Biles had to ________ from the competition because of the injury.
A.delayB.chargeC.withdrawD.defend
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:西蒙尼·比尔斯因为受伤不得不退出比赛。A. delay耽搁;B. charge收费;C. withdraw退出;D. defend防御。由because of the injury可知,因伤而退出比赛。故选C项。
6、________ new cases have been rising since last week, the proportion of intensive care beds ________ by COVID-19 patients has dropped from two weeks ago.
A.While; occupiedB.Whether; to occupy
C.Although; occupyingD.When; occupied
答案:A
考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句意:虽然自上周以来新病例一直在增加,但COVID-19患者占用的重症监护病床的比例比两周前有所下降。第一空引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”应用while或although;第二空occupy在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语intensive care beds构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故选A。
7、The old man, who_________ in the rope, saw the fishing spear _______ into the shark’s head.
A.was wrapping, throwingB.was wrapped, thrown
C.wrapped, being thrownD.wrapping, throwing
答案:B
考查动词时态语态和非谓语。句意:被绳子缠住的老人看到鱼叉被扎进鲨鱼的脑袋里。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The old man,先行词在从句中作主语,与逻辑主语构成被动关系;根据后文saw可知,用一般过去时的被动语态;第二空为“see+宾语+宾补结构”,the fishing spear与throw成被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾补。故选B。
8、In my opinion, we should find a way to get the problem ____________as fast as possible.
A.solvedB.to solveC.developedD.to develop
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:在我看来,我们应该尽快找到解决问题的方法。空处缺少get的宾语the problem的补足语,solve the problem构成逻辑上的动宾关系,空处用过去分词solved作宾补。故选A项。
9、A high percentage of people suffer from neck pain and associated problems, probably ________by more individuals doing office jobs, which generally involve leaning over computer keyboard.
A.being causedB.causingC.causedD.having been caused
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:高比例的人患有颈部疼痛和相关问题,这可能是由更多的人从事办公室工作引起的,这些工作通常涉及靠在电脑键盘上。分析可知,空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语, neck pain and associated problems和cause之间是逻辑被动关系,应用过去分词,此处陈述客观事实,不表进行和完成,故排除AD两项。故选C。
10、The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious _________ was ever made to realize it.
A.achievementB.commentC.attemptD.credit
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个计划是如此肤浅和不切实际,以至于从来没有人认真尝试去实现它。A. achievement成就;B. comment评论;C. attempt尝试;D. credit信用。根据“The plan was so shallow and impractical”可知,没有人进行认真的尝试来实现这个计划。故选C。
11、To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study ________ in 2012.
A.conductedB.conductingC.being conductedD.was conducted
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:回到水污染的问题上,我想让你们看看2012年进行的一项研究。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;动词conduct与名词study之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
12、—What’s the main purpose of tonight’s meeting?
—We are going to talk about the problem ______ at the last meeting.
A.discussedB.discussingC.being discussedD.having discussed
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:——今晚会议的主要目的是什么? ——我们将讨论上次会议上讨论的问题。分析句子可知,discuss在句中作后置定语修饰名词problem,应用非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语problem之间是被动关系,结合时间状语“at the last meeting”可知,应用过去分词,表被动和完成。故选A项。
13、The research has ________ that those who suffer from stress have higher risk of getting sick.
A.confirmedB.reflectedC.chargedD.diagnosed
答案:A
考查动词词义辨析。句意:研究证实,那些承受压力的人生病的风险更高。A. confirmed确定,证实;B. reflected反映;C. charged收费;D. diagnosed诊断。根据后文“that those who suffer from stress have higher risk of getting sick”指研究证实那些承受压力的人生病的风险更高,应用confirm。故选A。
14、“Boeing is in contact with the US National Transportation Safety Board, and our technical experts are prepared to assist with the investigation ________ by the Civil Aviation Administration of China,” Boeing China said in a statement on Tuesday.
A.ledB.leadC.leadingD.is led
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:波音中国在周二的一份声明中表示:“波音正在与美国国家运输安全委员会联系,我们的技术专家准备协助中国民航局牵头的调查。” are prepared是谓语动词。领导和谓语动词之间没有连词,可以判定空处是非谓语动词,领导和调查是被动关系,用过去分词。故选A。
15、Try to be cheerful and funny in life, but when you ______ work, try to be as serious as you can.
A.make up forB.get down to
C.come up withD.break away from
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:生活中要尽量开朗有趣,但当你开始工作时,要尽量严肃。A. make up for弥补;B. get down to着手;C. come up with想出;D. break away from脱离。结合句意可知,此处是指开始工作时要严肃,用get down to“着手”符合题意。故选B。
16、With no agreement _____, both sides agreed to spend another day _____ the main problems.
A.to reach; to discussB.reached; discussing
C.reaching; discussingD.reached; to discuss
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:由于没有达成协议,双方同意再花一天时间讨论主要问题。第一空是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构,动词reach和宾语agreement之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语;spend...(in) doing sth花费……做某事,故第二空用动名词形式。故选B项。
17、Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time___________ with his students.
A.spendingB.has spentC.to spendD.spent
答案:D
考查非谓语。句意:吉姆已经退休了,但他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是 remembers,空处只能填作非谓语动词,逻辑主语是 the happy time与spend是被动关系,所以应该用spent。故选D。
18、The goods ________on the Internet are cheaper than ________we buy in shops.
A.being bought; thatB.bought; those
C.bought; thatD.be bought; those
答案:B
考查非谓语动词和代词。句意:在网上买的东西比我们在商店买的东西便宜。第一空是非谓语动词做后置定语,修饰名词goods,且名词goods和动词buy二者之间是被动关系,应用过去分词bought做后置定语。第二空处比较对象与前文一致,都是goods,为了避免重复,用代词指代,that代指前面的单数名词,those代指前面的复数名词,此处商店买的商品和网上买的商品是同类异物,且the goods是复数名词,因此用those指代。故选B。
19、The eyes of the elephant seal ________ to darkness more quickly than any other animal, thus allowing it to hunt in deep water.
A.adoptB.adaptC.attackD.approach
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:海象的眼睛适应黑暗的速度比其他任何动物都快,因此它能在深水中捕猎。A. adopt采用;B. adapt适应;C. attack攻击;D. approach靠近。根据后文“to darkness”指海象的眼睛适应黑暗很快,应用adapt to。故选B。
20、In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland ______ by human activity.
A.damageB.damagedC.damagingD.to damage
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:近年来,我们看到大面积的湿地被人类活动破坏。damage与large areas of wetland是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故选B。
语法填空
21、He soon overcame his shyness and announced his mission ________ the world. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查固定搭配。句意:他很快克服了害羞,并且向全世界宣告了他的任务。分析句子结构和意思可知,announce sth. to sb.,表示“向某人宣告某事”的意思。故填to。
22、Tom was going through the crowd when he heard his name__________(call). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:called
考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆正穿过人群这时他听到有人叫他的名字。分析句子结构可知应填非谓语动词的形式,his name与call之间为被动关系,应用过去分词表被动,作宾语补足语。故填called。
23、The bright flowers and warm winds ______ (announce)that spring is here. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:announce
考查时态。句意:鲜艳的花朵和煦的风宣告春天来了。空处为句子的谓语,句意描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语为两个并列复数名词,谓语动词用复数,因此用动词原形,故填announce。
24、We saw the wounded man__________ (carry) into the hospital, and then went home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:carried
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们看见那个受伤的人被抬进医院,然后就回家了。分析句子结构可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式,the wounded man与carry之间为被动关系,应用过去分词表被动,作宾语补足语,see sb. done 意为“看见某人被……”。故填carried。
25、The house was abandoned with all doors and windows__________(nail) up. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:nailed
考查过去分词。句意:房子被遗弃了,所有的门窗都被钉牢了。根据句意可知,提示词nail“将......钉牢”在句中作doors and windows“门窗”的宾语补足语,与其构成被动关系,故使用过去分词做宾语补足语。故填nailed。
26、These effects of the Internet have become even more ________ (strike) since I’ve begun using a smartphone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:striking
考查形容词。句意:自从我开始使用智能手机以来,互联网的这些影响变得更加显著。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用形容词striking“显著的”,作表语。故填striking。
27、This is an organization_______ (make) up of eight countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:made
考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一个由八个国家组成的组织。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“organization”和“make”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“make”的过去分词“made”,作后置定语。故填made。
28、You can see a long wall________ (decorate) with all kinds of designs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:decorated
考查非谓语动词。句意:你可以看到一堵装饰着各种图案的长墙。分析句子可知,此处是see的复合结构,应填入非谓语动词,作宾语补足语,a long wall与decorate是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,see sth. done表示“看见某物被……”。故填decorated。
29、He is so eager to have his spoken English________(improve)that he practices it every morning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:improved
考查非谓语动词。句意:他急于提高英语口语,所以每天早上都练习口语。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补,逻辑主语his spoken English和improve之间是被动关系,应用过去分词。故填improved。
30、Consumer spending on sports related items amounted ________ $9.75 billion. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查介词。句意:消费者在体育相关项目上的支出达97.5亿美元。amount作不及物动词,常和介词to搭配,意为“总计、达到”,分词句子可知,此处缺少介词to。故填to。
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