外研版八年级下册英语知识点.doc

八年级下册英语知识点Module 1 Hobbies1.Tidy up 收拾,整理 2.take up占用（时间空间）3.be interested in 对感兴趣(interesting 有趣的) 4.as well as 并且,还 I like playing football as well as playing basketball. 5.such as 比如 6 as a result 结果.7. come out 出版；开花；出来; 真相大白 8. give an interview 接受采访，做访谈 9. in the future 在未来（一般将来时）10. make sure 确保 11. grow vegetables种蔬菜 12. be good at sth./doing sth. 13. a collection of 的收集品 collect stamps集邮 14. at the end of at the beginning of 15. develop interests 发展兴趣16. useful skills 有用的技能 17. play the violin 乐器加the 18. all the time 总是，一直 19. at least 至少20. be popular with 受欢迎 Football is popular with boys. 足球受男孩子的欢迎. 21. * not only but also 不仅而且 用来连接两个主语时,注意就近原则Not only Da Ming but also his parents are fond of watching football matches.Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.22. * spend +时间/金钱 +on sth. / (in) doing sth.eg. I spent all our time on our favourate hobby. I spend the whole night (in) learning English.Their hobbies are drawing and painting. = In their free time, they like to draw and paint.23. * Succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 success n. successful adj.24. * Make为使役动词, 后接形容词和动词原形做宾语补足语Eg. Rainy days make me sad.Loud music makes me want to dance.25. * It is +adj. + (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是的 Its important for you to remember this.It is +adj. + of sb. to do sth. 形容词修饰人的性格 如：Its kind of you to tell me the truth.26. Try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事27. Ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事28. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 Module 2 Friendship1. right now 现在 2. whether or not3. hold the line （不挂断电话）等一下4. turn back 转身5. as usual 和往常一样 6.close friends 亲密的朋友 7. personal questions私人问题 8. early autumn 早秋9. several months later 几个月以后 10.worry about 担心 11.at middle school 在初中12.smile at sb.朝某人微笑13.change ones life 改变某人的生活 14.at first 开始 15.join a club 参加俱乐部 16. day by day 一天天地17. in different countries 在不同的国家18. feel like 觉得19. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事20. by the way 顺便说一下21.like making friends (with) 喜欢交朋友22.take a message 捎口信23.a public concert 公开音乐会24.good luck with the concert 预祝音乐会成功 25. remember doing sth./ to do sth.记得做了/去做某事26.as a result结果27. be afraid of sth./ to do sth. 害怕（去做）某事 28. stamp collectors集邮爱好者 29.a couple of 几个，两个 30.take place 发生 （happen）31. lonely寂寞的 /alone 独自一人 32.far away （from）33. watch,指仔细观看，看电视、球赛等 see 指看望某人，看电影，看医生等34._(laugh) at others is impolite. 取笑他人是不礼貌的 35. all over the world 全世界Find sth. +adj. The foreigners find China very different from their own country.Find+ it +adj. +to do sth. I found it difficult to finish the work on time. It为形式宾语Find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 I found them playing games on the playground.People from all over the world make friends by writing letters. By通过方式语法点：宾语从句注意点： 1. 有“or not”或 “or+供选择的内容”时，只能用whether2. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序3.客观真理用一般现在时4注意时态 Module 3 On the radio词组：1.Look out (for)小心/ look for 寻找/look like 看起来像 2.Dont mention it. 不客气3.prepare (for) 准备 4.ask for 要/请求5.look down 向下看 look down on sb. 看不起某人6.once a week 一周一次 7.turn on 打开（电视,灯，收音机等）turn off 关闭 turn up 调大（音量）8. take sb. around 带某人四处参观9.get lost 迷路10.score two goals 进两个球11.in person亲自 12.learn about 听说 learn from向学习13.at the age of 在岁时 14.at that moment 在那个时候15. go for a picnic 去野餐16.the score of 的比分17.stop doing sth. 停止做某事18. explain sth. (to sb.)（向某人）解释某事19. close down 停播20. win the first prize 获得第一名21. find out查明22. prepare for a test准备考试 23. thank you for 因为感谢你24. decide to do sth.决定做某事 25. Me, too. 我也是26. It seems/ seemed that好像,看样子 It seems that he is lying. 看样子他在撒谎. 27. in front of 在前面(in the front of 强调在内部的前面) 28. need to do 需要做 need doing 需要被做某事（被动含义）29. The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水.语法点：* to+ v. 与 v.-ingTo+v. want； would like； hope； wish； plan； need； decidev +-ing enjoy； finish； practice； keep； give up； mind注意都可以接的 begin; start; continue Hear; notice; seedo/doing 意义不同Stop；forget; remember; try + to do/doing 意义不同* 表示建议和警告1、Shall we?我们好吗？ 2、Lets .让我们 3、What /how about doing?怎么样？ 4. Be quiet, please.5、Why dont you/we.=why not?为什么不？6. Please keep doing 7 Remember to and stop talking!8、Would you like.?你愿意.吗?回答时用Id like/love to . sorry ,but .对于建议肯定回答:good idea./OK/Sure/ All right./Why not?/Great/Yes, Id love to对于建议否定回答：Im sorry ,Im afaid /Id love to ,but . Module 4 New technology词组：1.lend sb. sth.借给某人某物；2.play back播放;3.wait for等待;4.connectto/with 连接; 5.turn on打开（电器）;6.take photos拍照; 7.pick up sth.拿起某物 (如果有代词的话则放在中间 pick it up); 8. bite sb. on the hand咬某人的手; 9.keep cool保持冷静; 10.show pictures to the doctor展示照片给医生看; 11.the best result最好的结果; 12. get the news得到消息;13. follow these instructions 遵照这些说明；14.find out 查明；15.save your life 挽救你的生命；16.a few days ago 几天前；17. climb out of 从里爬出来；18. hold on to 坚持；19. on holiday 在度假；20. send personal postcard 发送私人贺卡21. across/ over/ through; 22. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；23. get/be ready to (do) sth. 准备(做)某事=get/be ready for sth.;24. have to 不得不；25. do with 处置，对待 What will you do with this photo? 你会怎么处理这张照片？26. Wherever无论什么地方语法点：if 引导的条件状语从句 “如果，假如” Module 5 Problems词组：1.Refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事; 2. choose the best 选择最好的;3. the last practice最后的练习;4. warn sb. of /about sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事； warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事;5. punish sb. 惩罚某人;6. go wrong 出错;7. feel bad 感觉不好;8. be angry with 对某人生气9. all together一起；10. keep my best friend留住我最好的朋友；11. tell sb. the truth 告诉某人真相;12. make quite sure确保；13. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事；14. after all 毕竟；15. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人；16. personal problems 私人问题；17. at the end of 在尽头，在结束时18. so vs. such;19. take off 起飞，脱下，拿走；20. steal sth. from sb./someplace从某人/某地偷走东西；21. alone 形容词和副词/lonely形容词；22. be proud of 为感到自豪/骄傲，23. make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误；24. at least至少 at most 至多；25. 注意enough的位置 名词之前,形容词之后 enough food / careful enough;26. instead of 取代；27. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事交际用语：What a pity! / What a shame! / Im sorry to hear that. / Take it easy. / I feel sorry for / I hope it is nothing serious. / Is there anything I can do for you?/ Rather you than me! 你行，我可不行！（would ratherthan 宁愿而不愿）语法点：If 引导的条件状语从句（二）If+现在时动词, 主语+ will/ should/shall/ can/ may +动词原形 * 主将从现*If you ask him, he will help you. Module 6 Entertainment词组：1.talk about谈论；2.some close friends一些亲密的朋友;3.face to face面对面;e out发行，出版;5. advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事;6.be proud of为感到骄傲;7.plenty of许多;8.have a great time 玩得开心;9.go to the concert 去音乐会;10.search for 寻找;11. look after 照看；12.sail around 绕着航行；13.in ones opinion 在某人看来；14.except for 除之外,15.be worried about 担心；16. fight with /against sb./ sth. 与打架 ；17. too much 太多（修饰名词）too much water 太多水much too (修饰形容词和副词) much too heavy 太重了；18.show sb. sth=show sth. to sb. 给看show me your ticket, please. 请出示车票。show sb around 带某人四处转转句型：What do you think of this movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样？ She knows that shes among friends. 她知道她在朋友之中 What kind of program is it? 它是什么种类的节目？ all kinds of 各种各样的语法点：直接引语和间接引语注意几点变化 1. 人称变化 2. 时态变化 3. 其他变化 （详见课本）做这类题时， 可先还原到汉语， 再根据汉语写 Module 7 Time off词组：1. enjoy oneself;2.be famous for因为而著名 be famous as作为而著名;3.as if 好像; 4.wake sb. up叫醒某人;5. hope to do sth.希望做某事;6. leave sb. alone把某人单独留下;7.putaway把收起来;8.have seven days off休息七天；9.go back into回到里面；10.protectfrom保护免受;11.be popular with受的欢迎;12.national park国家公园；13.the second largest fresh water lake 第二大淡水湖( the +序数词+最高级+单数名词表示“第几最”)； 14.in the north of 在的北部（east west south north）; 15.cross=go across;16. whole注意位置,直接放在名词前 the whole worldall 则放在修饰词的前面, all these people all the class;17. the rest of+名词 剩余部分，其余的；18. one of 之一 做主语时，注意要用第三人称单数 One of the students is from Japan.；19. wish sb. to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事；20. on a clear day 在晴朗的一天21. welcome sb. to someplace 欢迎某人来某地；句子： I can hardly hear the traffic in the streets and no one is shouting. 我几乎听不到街上的车辆声，也没有人在大声喊叫。 Hardly 副词，“几乎不，几乎没有” no one/ nobody/ everyone/ everybody 都为第三人称单数语法点：直接引语间接引语（二）*If/whether “是否” 有or时， 只能用whetherShe asked, “Is this book yours or his?” She asked whether this book was mine or his.*祈使句的间接引语 用“动词+宾语+不定式” 即asked/ told/ ordered/ warned sb. (not ) to do sth.The teacher said to him, “Dont waste your time.” The teacher told him not to waste their time.* 特殊情况: 1. 客观真理，习语等，变间接引语事时态不变The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.2. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况依然存在的，则变间接引语时时态保持不变，一般有usually等标志词The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every morning.” The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.3. 直接引语中有明确表示过去的时间状语， 过去时态不变He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” He told me he was born in 1978. Module 8 Public holidays词组：1.public holidays公共假日;2.on vacation 度假; 3.as soon as 一就;4.make a plan制订计划;5.in the same way用相同的方式;6.in different ways用不同的方式;7.have a good time doing sth.做某事很开心;8.promise sb. to do sth.向某人承诺做某事;9.say goodbye to sth.向道别;10.depend on依靠，取决于;11. notuntil 直到才；12. New Years Eve 除夕；13. count down 倒计时； 14. all over 到处;15. not all 不是所有的（部分否定）none of （全部否定），16. celebrate their New Year 庆祝他们的新年；17. plan to do 计划做某事= plan for sth. ;18. be close to 与接近closed 关着的 open 开着的；19. shout loudly 大声喊叫 shout at/to sb.;20.color the hair 染发句型： Its time to do sth. 该到做某事的时候了 Its time to play the piano. 该弹钢琴了。Be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 He is busy cooking. 他忙着做饭 be busy with sth. 忙于某事 He is busy with his homework.语法点：状语从句（一）时间状语从句 when, while, before/after, as soon as, (not）until/till, since 时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态， 而用现在时表将来 （主将从现）例如：Ill call you as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him the truth when he comes back. Module 9 Heroes词组：1. imagine doing sth.想象做某事;2. avoid doing sth.避免做某事;3. continue doing/to do sth.继续做某事;4. take care of 照顾;5. perform an operation (on sb).; (给某人)做手术6.in spite of 尽管,不顾； 7. all ones life一生，终生;8.on ones own独立，单独；9.look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事；10. give ones life to sth./ doing sth. 献身于（做）某事； 11. without doing 没做什么事；12. stop sb. (from ) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事； 13.even though既使；14.in order to do sth.为了做某事；15.train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事；16. both 的位置1.应放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前 My parents are both doctors.2.也可放在名词前作定语 Both (of）my parents work in hospital.句型： He worked very hard without stopping to rest. 他没有停下来休息， 很努力地工作。语法点：状语从句（二）*原因状语从句： because，for，as 选项中没有because时，用for或as*目的状语从句： so that； in order that 从句中常出现情态动词 can，could, would等*结果状语从句：so做题时看清句意，根据句意选择 Module 10 My perfect holiday词组： 1.go with sb.; 和某人一起去2.take the train to; 坐火车去某地3.be afraid of; 害怕 4.stay in touch; 保持联系5.forget to do sth./ doing sth.; 忘记去做/忘记做过6.learn to do sth.学习做某事;7. life skills 生活技能;8. depend on依赖，依靠;9. go on holidays 去度假;10. to some extent 从某种程度上;11. flight number航班号；12. would like to do sth. 想要做某事；13. have a fantastic time玩的开心；14. some film stars一些电影明星；15. fill with用把装满；16. dress oneself properly恰当地穿衣打扮；17.board 登机；18. on business 出差/ in business 经商；none of ones business 与某人无关；19. so am I 与so I am；20. How long？多久；21. 形容词要放在不定代词的后面 如something important;22. 只要出现than 就用比较级 Its cheaper than going by train.句型：谈论假期的打算和计划 Id like to go to New York on my vacation. Have a good time! Stay in touch！I hope you have a good trip!语法点：would 与状语从句* Would+动词原形 想象自己在未来可能会做什么 I would go to the mountains on my vacation.* sothat vs. such that 表程度的结果状语从句* 让步状语从句 although / though although 只能用于句首 注意的是不能与but连用，切记