2022届高考英语一轮总复习-必修五-Unit-1-Great-scientists学案新人教版.doc

2022届高考英语一轮总复习 必修五 Unit 1 Great scientists学案新人教版2022届高考英语一轮总复习 必修五 Unit 1 Great scientists学案新人教版年级：姓名：Unit 1Great scientists必备知识盘点夯基 ,BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_defeat_vt打败；战胜；使受挫n失败2_expert_adj熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n专家；行家3_attend_vt 照顾；护理；出席；参加4_expose_vt暴露；揭露；使曝光5_cure_n治愈；痊愈；治疗方法vt治愈；治疗6_absorb_vt吸收；吸引；使专心7_suspect_vt认为；怀疑n被怀疑者；犯罪嫌疑人8_foresee_vt预见；预知9_blame_vt责备；谴责n过失；责备10_handle_n柄；把手vt处理；操纵11_link_vt& n连接；联系12_positive_ adj积极的；肯定的；确实的1If you have a _positive_ (积极的) relationship with your teachers, you will be happy in their classes 2Professor Wang said the reason of short-sightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent _cure_(治疗方法) for it3Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture, Id like to invite you to _attend_ (参加)the exhibition with me4Our team _was defeated_ (defeat) last night, which made us sad and disappointed5(2020新高考卷阅读)In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected(suspect)of drug dealing6(2020全国卷阅读)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed(expose)to daylight7Not knowing what was wrong with his car, Martin decided to send for an experienced man _ to handle_ (handle) the problem单词拓展1_challenge_ n挑战vt向挑战_challenging_adj挑战性的2_cautious_ adj小心的；谨慎的_caution_n小心；警告3_pollute_ vt污染；弄脏_pollution_n污染4_instruct_ vt命令；指示；教导_instruction_n 说明；传授_instructions_pl用法说明；指示；命令5_conclude_ vt& vi结束；推断出_conclusion_n结论；结束6_contribute_vt& vi捐献；贡献；投稿_contribution_n贡献7_reject_vt拒绝；不接受；抛弃_rejection_n拒绝；抛弃8_science_n科学_scientific_adj科学的_scientist_ n科学家9_announce_ vt宣布；通告_announcement_n通知；宣告_announcer_n播音员；宣告者10_certain_ adj确实的；肯定的_certainly_adv确定；肯定_certainty_ n确信；确实11_construct_ vt建设；修建_construction_n建设；建筑物12_responsible_ adj有责任的；负责的_responsibility_n责任；负责13_paint_ vt绘画；涂_painter_ n画家；油漆匠_painting_ n油画；水彩画 14_universe_ n宇宙；世界_universal_adj普遍的；宇宙的_universally_adv普遍地15_movement_ n移动；运动；动作_move_v移动；运动1The player defeated by me _challenged_ me to a _challenging_ game that day (challenge)2Its _universally_ accepted that the _universe_ originated from the big bang(universe)3It was _concluded_ that he didnt tell us the truth I also came to the _conclusion_ that he lied (conclude) 4The writer personally _contributed_ 5,000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his _contributions_ were gratefully received (contribute)5Mary _announced_ to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy, whose _announcement_ of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper next week(announce)6The great bridge under _construction_ is designed by Chinese engineers and it will take about a year to _construct_ the large bridge (construct)7I want to be a _scientist_ to discover a _scientific_breakthrough to save peoples lives (science) 8In the class, our teacher often _instructs_ us to improve our reading ability and his _instruction_ makes a difference in our English learning (instruct) 9Well be _ responsible_ for your safety and you need to take _responsibility_ for your actions (responsible) 10It was not until all the fish in the _polluted_ river had died that he realized that the _pollution_ was very serious(pollute)联想积累：1“熟练”归纳expert adj 熟练的；内行的skillful adj 熟练的；灵巧的skilled adj 熟练的；有技能的experienced adj 熟练的；有经验的2以-ic结尾的常见形容词characteristic 特有的；独特的scientific 科学的enthusiastic 热情的；热心的energetic 精力充沛的fantastic 极好的3“名词用作动词”的高频词语聚焦handle n把手vt处理nurse n护士vt护理face n脸vt面对bridge n桥vt沟通drink n饮料vt喝；饮短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_put forward_提出2_draw a conclusion_得出结论3_exposeto_使显露；暴露4_linkto_将和联系或连接起来5_apart from_除之外；此外6_make sense_讲得通；有意义7_(be) strict with_对严格的8_be to blame_应受谴责/责备9_look into_调查10_lead to_导致；通向语境运用1When the detective _looked into_ the case, he was threatened by an unknown man2Though Mrs Brown _ is strict with_ us in our studies, almost all of us love her very much 3As far as Im concerned, those services which _are linked to_ Hi-tech will be more popular in the future 4The expert _drew a conclusion_ from his investigation that the disease was carried through water rather than air 5(2018天津卷)The training schedule, _apart from_ regular training, includes joining in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national competitions句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neithernor“既不也不”，连接两个并列的句子成分。1(全国卷书面表达)唐朝的历史和诗歌对于你来说都不好理解。Neither the history of the Tang Dynasty nor poems of it _are hard to understand for you_2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。every time“每次”，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。2(浙江卷)每次一天结束后到家，我们会在门口迎接他。_Every time he arrived home_ at the end of the day, wed greet him at the door3Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。“only状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。3(全国卷书面表达)只有当你提前了解了唐朝的历史时你才能更好地理解唐诗。Only when you learn something about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance _are you able to have a better understanding of Tang Poems_核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1conclude v断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止词汇拓展conclusion n结论；推论用法归纳(1)conclude sth from从中推断出to conclude最后conclude sth with/by doing sth以结束(2)arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之；最后层级训练夯基单句语法填空。He concluded his speech _with_ a famous saying “Where there is a will, there is a way”(2019全国卷)When he brings his speech to a nice _conclusion_ (conclude), Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him(2018江苏卷书面表达)In _conclusion_ (conclude), we should offer some products or services提能一句多译。我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I _drew a conclusion from my own experiences that_ a friend in need is a friend indeed(conclusion)I _concluded from my own experiences that_ a friend in need is a friend indeed(conclude)2attend vt出席；参加；照顾；护理归纳拓展(1)attend school/church上学/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/party参加会议/听演讲/出席婚礼/参加晚会(2)attend(on/upon) sb照顾某人(3)attend to处理；倾听；专心于；照顾层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2019全国卷语法填空)On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited _to attend_ (attend) a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _listening_ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college _to attend_ (attend)The person in charge of the work should attend _to_ this matter immediately提能补全句子/句式升级。(2019全国卷书面表达)Im greatly honored to invite you _to attend a music festival_ (参加一个音乐节) It will be held in our school hall on June 5 at 200 pmIm greatly honored to invited you_to attend a music festival to be held_ in our school hall on June 5 at 200 pm3expose vt揭露；暴露；使遭受；使曝光词汇拓展exposure n暴露；揭露用法归纳(1)exposeto暴露给；使接触expose oneself to使自己面临；使自己暴露于(2)be exposed to遭受；(使)接触到名师点津(1)及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；(2)在exposeto以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2020全国卷)“Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be exposed (expose)to the public because of Italys privacy laws, finished working the whole night at a factory in TurinIf _exposed_ (expose) to the outside surroundings, theyll be stronger and better prepared for their futureDont expose _yourself_ to great danger when youre alone提能单句写作。(2018北京卷书面表达)_In order to expose international students to our tea culture_，we took them to the tea room in our school为了让外国学生体验中国茶文化，我们把他们带到我们学校的品茶室。4absorb vt吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引(注意)；使专心；使并入；吞并；理解；掌握；使缓冲归纳拓展absorb sth吸收(光、热等)absorb/draw/attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力be absorbed by/into被吞并/吸引be absorbed in 全神贯注于；专心致志于名师点津be absorbed in (doing) sth结构在句中状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in类似的结构还有：be lost in陷入；专心致志于be caught in被困在be buried in埋头于be devoted to致力于；专心于be occupied in忙于be involved in专注于层级训练夯基写出下列句中absorb的含义。(北京卷)When condors (神鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead_吸收_(2020新高考卷阅读)In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message_理解_(全国卷语法填空)I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling_吸引；使专心_Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact_缓冲_提能单句语法填空。Charles CMann has produced a book that is attractively written and really_absorbing_(absorb)(2019全国卷)These kids are so absorbed _in_ their studies that I just sit backThe surrounding small towns _were absorbed_(absorb) into the city提能一句多译。汤姆那么专心于工作，以至于忘记了告知我会议时间。Tom _was absorbed in his work_，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting_Absorbing himself in his work_，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting(现在分词作状语)_Absorbed in his work_，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting(过去分词作状语)5blame vt指责；责怪；归咎于n责备；责任；过失归纳拓展(1)blame sbfor sth因某事而责备某人blame sthon sb把某事怪到某人头上sbbe to blame(for)某人应承担()责任；该(因)受责备(2)put/lay the blame(for sth)on sb/sth(把某事)归咎于某人/某事take/bear the blame forbe responsible for承担(对坏事应负的)责任温馨提示表示某人该受责备时，常用主动形式sb be to blame表示被动意义。巧学助记blameDont always blame your own failure on others (That is, dont always blame others for your own failure) Sometimes you yourself are to blame不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时怪你自己。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。She blamed her husband_for_the failure of their marriageShe blamed the failure of their marriage_on_her husbandIt was the professor rather than his assistant that was _to blame_ (blame) for what had happened in the lab(全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame _on_ the alarm clock提能一句多译。因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。Alice was in low spirits _because she was blamed for_ the breakdown of the school computer network(状语从句)_Blamed for_ the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits (分词作状语)6contribute vt& vi捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿词汇拓展contribution n贡献，捐献；稿件用法归纳(1)contributeto为捐献；投稿contribute to有助于；促进；导致；对做贡献(2)make a contribution/contributions to/towards为做出贡献名师点津表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语还有result in, bring about, lead to, cause等。巧学助记Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投给了中国日报。层级训练夯基写出下列句中contribute to的含义。If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline_投稿_(2019浙江卷)“Many factors contributed to the decline”， said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study_促进，有助于_Eating too much fat contributes to heart disease and causes high blood pressure_导致_夯基单句改错。In a word, everyone should make contributions to protect the environment_protectprotecting_提能单句写作。(2018北京卷书面表达)In conclusion, I was proud of _making great contributions to spreading Chinese culture_总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。7put forward提出(建议等)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨归纳拓展put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away放好；积蓄put off延期；推迟put on weight增重；发福put out扑灭put down写下；记下put up举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with容忍；忍受巧学助记层级训练夯基写出下列句中put forward的含义。(天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant_提出_You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes_拨快_They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week_将提前_(2019全国卷)We dont have any idea who put grandma forward _推荐；提名_提能用put短语填空。I can _put up with_ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not cleanEncourage children to _put aside_ some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presentsFirst he opened a shop and then he _put up_ a sign outside the shop to attract customers(2020天津卷)We cant _put off_ buying a new printer for our company The one we have doesnt work8make sense讲得通；有意义归纳拓展(1)make no sense没道理；没意义make sense of理解；明白(2)a sense of humor/duty/beauty/direction/responsibility/success幽默感/责任感/美感/方向感/责任感/成就感common sense常识in a/one sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上in no sense决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)There is no sense/point in doing sth做某事无意义层级训练夯基单句语法填空。_In_ a sense, it is these passengers that are to blame for the accidentThere are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly make any sense _of_ them at all提能完成句子。(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt _make sense_ to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars瞧！你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点而买最便宜牌子的电脑毫无意义可言。提能单句写作。你决不应该灰心丧气；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。_In no sense should you lose heart_;_keep trying and you will make it sooner or later9Neither its cause nor its cure was understood人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neithernor既不也不。归纳拓展(1)neithernor既不也不，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：eitheror不是就是not onlybut also不仅而且notbut不是而是层级训练夯基单句语法填空。To be honest, I _neither_ knew nor cared what had happened to himLast year, neither the experts nor the physician _was_ (be) enthusiastic about the cure for the severe diseaseNot only the teacher but also the students _were_ (be) instructed not to be exposed to the sun for a long time last summerEither you or one of your students _is_ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow提能句式升级。The teacher is not content with the result The students are not content with the result either_Neither the teacher nor the students are content with the result_高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying _connected_(connect)解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。本句中的关键词是stay(保持)，它是一个连系动词，后接形容词作表语。connected是形容词，意为“有联系的，有来往的”，符合句意。stay connected是“stay形容词化的过去分词”构成的系表结构。本题中的staying connected和keeping in touch表达同一个意思。2The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_returned_(return) to our shop for quality problems解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：生产商定期来