2021年高考英语二轮复习-情态动词和虚拟语气考点专项练习.docx

2021年高考英语二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气考点专项练习

2021年高考英语二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气考点专项练习

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情态动词和虚拟语气
高考押题专练
1．The movie couldn’t be more boring.I wish I ________ to it.
A．had not been B．have not been
C．did not go D．have not gone
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：这部电影无聊透了。我希望我没有去看它。wish后的宾语从句表示对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语动词用过去完成时，选A。
2．—What does the sign over there read?
—“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this restaurant.”
A．will B．shall
C．need D．must
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：——那边的牌子上写着什么？——“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟斗。” shall在此处表示“规定”。
3．—Can I go now，sir?
—If you ________ leave，do it quietly.
A．should B．must
C．shall D．may
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：——我现在可以走吗，先生？——如果你非要离开，悄悄地走。must偏要，非得。
4．If I ________ time，I would certainly go to the movies with you，but I have a lot of work to do.
A．had B．have
C．will have D．had had
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：如果我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影，但是我有很多工作要做。对现在情况的虚拟，条件句谓语动词需用动词的过去式，故选A。
5．________ the rain stop，the crops would be saved.
A．Will B．Would
C．Should D．Had
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。表示对将来情况的假设，可用“should＋动词原形”。从句为省略if将should提前构成的倒装。
6．—I’m afraid there’s no good news for you，Tom.Shall I tell your parents or shall I just let them know nothing about the result of this exam?
—I’d rather they ________ know，sir.
A．don’t B．won’t
C．didn’t D．not
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：——恐怕你没有什么好消息，汤姆。我是应该告诉你的父母还是让他们对这次考试的结果一无所知呢？——我宁愿他们不知道，老师。would rather后跟从句时，从句用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反的愿望，动词用过去时。
7．I’m sorry.________ for my illness，I would have come and lent you a helping hand.
A．Were it not B．If it were not
C．Had it not been D．If it has not been
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：我很抱歉。要不是我病了，我会来帮你一把的。从句为省略if的部分倒装结构，由主句中的would have come以及句意可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，故选C。
8．The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize.
A．must B．shall
C．would D．could
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开张那天购买商品的人将获得一个大奖。shall在此处表示“许诺”。
9．—I phoned you yesterday morning.A girl answered，but I didn’t recognize the voice.
—Oh，it ________ my younger sister.She was in my room at that moment.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．could have been D．may have been
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：——我昨天早上给你打电话了。接电话的是一个女孩子，但我没有听出是谁的声音。——哦，一定是我妹妹。当时她在我的房间里。表示对过去的肯定性推测，用“must＋have done”结构。
10．Visit the old man this afternoon？If you ________，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin.
A．must B．can
C．may D．shall
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：今天下午去拜访那位老人？如果你一定要去的话，一定要涂上防晒霜来保护你的皮肤。此处must表示“偏要，非得，硬要”。
11．It’s no use envying others’ success.It’s time you ________ hard.
A．must work B．were to work
C．work D．should work
【答案】D
【解析】句意为：嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。在It’s time (that)．..句式中，从句的谓语用动词的过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略)。故选D。
12．—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.
—You __________.You haven’t been in touch with 　him for ages.
A．should B．will
C．may D．have to
【答案】A
【解析】should应该；will会；may也许；have to不得不。根据下句“You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.”可知此处表达的是“应该”，故选A。
13．—Why didn’t you call me?
—Oh，my cell-phone ran out of power，otherwise I________ you.
A．would call B．had called
C．called D．would have called
【答案】D
【解析】英语中当表示条件时没有连词if，而是用otherwise、or、but、but for等形式来表达，这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。本题中otherwise表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。由“ran out of power”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以用“would/should/could/might＋have done”，故选D。
14．Your mother________have fallen asleep.You were making so much noise so late in the yard then！
A．mustn’t B．can’t
C．mightn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】B
【解析】mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；mightn’t可能没；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意“你妈妈不可能睡着了，那时侯你在院子里搞出那么多的噪音！”及所给选项分析可知，选B。
15．—________ you practise playing the piano at this time？You see it’s deep into the night!
—Oh，I’m sorry，Mum.
A．Will B．Can
C．Should D．Must
【答案】D
【解析】will会；can能够；should应该；must必须。must除了表示命令和要求外，还可以表示责备的语气，意思是“非要……不可吗”。故选D。
16．Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen
B．would not fall
C．did not fall
D．would not have fallen
【答案】D
【解析】根据题干，从句中had置于句首可知，此处为虚拟语气中省略连词if的情况。由从句中谓语动词had not worked (had done)可知，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句中的谓语动词应用would/could/might/should have done来表示对过去情况的假设，故选D。
17．But for the chances I was blessed with，my life ________ easily ________ a turn for the worse.
A．would；take
B．will；have taken
C．should；take
D．could have；taken
【答案】D
【解析】句中but for表示条件，意为“要不是……”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气；对过去的虚拟，主句要用情态动词加完成时态来构成；will不能构成虚拟，故选D。
18．If only I ________ at the party last night！But I had to prepare for the conference.
A．were B．had been
C．have been D．was
【答案】B
【解析】if only要是……就好了，表达要用虚拟语气，根据句中的时间状语last night，可以看出是对过去的虚拟，所以时态要用过去完成时had done，故选B。
19．Had it not been for your practical advice，we______such great achievements.
A．would make B．wouldn’t have made
C．didn’t make D．hadn’t made
【答案】B
【解析】此处是对过去的虚拟，从句省略if，并将had置于句首构成部分倒装，主句应用“would have done”，再根据句意“我们本不会取得这么大的成就”，可知选B。
20．The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ____ two weeks to prepare for the exams.
A．give B．be given
C．should give D．would be given
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：老师赞同这个建议：给学生两周的备考时间。名词suggestion后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其虚拟形式为“(should＋)动词原形”，又因为students与give之间为被动关系，故谓语需用被动形式，选B。
21．—It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.
—Don’t count on it too much. It ________ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.
A．must　　　　　　　　　 B．can
C．should D．will
【答案】B　
【解析】考查情态动词。——拥有一台电脑来储存我的照片真是太棒了。——别太指望它。这个电脑可能会发生故障，你最好留个备份。can在此表示可能性，符合语境。
22．Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ________ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.
A．would never succeed
B．never succeeded
C．would never have succeeded
D．had never succeeded
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不会成功的。分析句子结构可知，本题考查虚拟语气。根据句中的“Pele had bags of natural talent”可知，此处是对过去的虚拟，应用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”的形式。故选C。
23．—What a pity ! You missed my birthday party.
—Terribly sorry! ________ my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.
A．Should B．Would
C．Had D．Did
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。——真可惜！你错过了我的生日聚会。——非常抱歉！要是我叔叔没有突然来看我，我就不会错过你的生日聚会了。“missed”表明叔叔来访是过去事实，故条件句中用过去完成时表虚拟，且条件句中省略了if，故将had提到主语之前。故选C。
24．But for his generous donations, the animal shelter ________ two years ago.
A．would have been closed
B．was closed
C．would be closed
D．had been closed
【答案】A　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是他的慷慨捐助，这个动物收容所在两年前就被关闭了。根据But for引出的虚拟条件及时间状语“two years ago”可知，空格处表示对与过去情况相反的事实的虚拟，应用would have done结构。故答案选A项。
25．________ you were free at that time, I should not have done the difficult work by myself.
A．Do I know B．Did I know
C．Had I known D．Have I known
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我那时知道你有空，我就不会自己做那份困难的工作了。根据句意以及at that time可知，此句是对与过去事实相反的情况的假设，从句谓语应用过去完成时。当从句中省略了连词if的时候，应将had放在主语的前面，构成倒装。故选C。
26． I wonder what my life ________ like now if I had found the strength to disobey my father and insisted on studying abroad.
A．would have been B．will have been
C．would be D．is
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我想知道如果我当时有勇气不顺从我的父亲，并坚持去国外求学的话，我现在的生活会是什么样子。根据时间状语“now”可知，主句表示与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词应用 would do。
27．But for those interruptions，the meeting ________ half an hour ago.
A．was finished B．would have finished
C．would finish D．had been finished
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是那些中断，这场会议在半小时前就结束了。根据句意及时间状语half an hour ago可知设空处与过去事实相反，故选B。
28．I wouldn’t pursue my writing career now if I ________ myself as weak in writing when I was young.
A．defined B．should define
C．would define D．had defined
【答案】D　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我年轻时认为自己不善于写作，我现在就不可能从事自己的写作事业了。根据句意可知，这是一个错综时间条件句，主句同现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反。D项正确。
29．The upset mother thought to herself，“If only I ________ what’s going on in my little boy’s head right now.”
A．had known B．know
C．knew D．have known
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。if only 表示“要是……就好了”，谓语动词应使用虚拟语气，根据right now可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故谓语动词用一般过去时。
30．In terms of the high investment risk, I would rather you________ anything about it for the time being.
A．don’t do B．didn’t do
C．hadn’t done D．haven’t done
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：就投资的高风险而言，我宁愿你现在把那件事放一下。would rather后跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。表示一个现在或将来的愿望，要用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，要用过去完成时。根据句中的“for the time being”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
31．When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups ________ nothing.
A．would mean B．would have meant
C．have meant D．had meant
【答案】A　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：当生活变得艰难，你想要放弃的时候，记住，生活充满了起起伏伏，而且，如果没有了低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。根据句中的“without”可知，此处是对一般事实的虚拟，故谓语动词用would do形式。
32．________more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games，I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处从句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略if要用倒装句；主句用“would＋动词原形”的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。
33．I ________ that the experience I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully.
A．realized B．had realized
C．would realize D．would have realized
【答案】D　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我认真阅读了手册，我就会意识到我所追求的经历一点也不枯燥。句中的“had I read...”采用了虚拟条件句的倒装形式，相当于if I had read...，是对过去情况的虚拟，故主句谓语使用would have done形式。
34．But for the help of my English teacher，I ________ the first prize in the 2015 English Writing Competition.
A．would not win B．would not have won
C．would win D．would have won
【答案】B　
【解析】此处虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/should/could/might＋have done结构，根据句意要用否定含义，故选B。本句的条件是由介词短语(but for)表达的。
35．If I ________ my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.
A．took B．had taken
C．would have taken D．were to take
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我早上出门的时候带伞了的话，我现在就不会被淋湿了。根据句意可知，空处表示与过去事实相反的情况，故选B。
36．The result is due to be announced tomorrow. Why ________ you know it now?
A．can B．might
C．need D．must
【答案】D　
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：预计明天公布结果。你为什么偏要现在知道呢？must“偏要，非要”，符合语境，“Why must you...？”为常用句型，表示“为什么你非要……？”，用以告诉某人其举止令人生气或困扰。can“能，会”；might“可能”；need“需要”。
37．He described all of the tourist attractions in detail as if he ________ all of them in person.
A．visited
B．would visit
C．would have visited
D．had visited
【答案】D　【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他详细地描述了所有旅游景点，好像他亲自参观过它们一样。根据“as if”及句意可知，此处考查虚拟语气的用法，表示与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时。故选D。
38．Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam________ at the age of six months old.
A．was B．be
C．were D．is
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处考查的是recommend后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，根据语法规则可知，从句中谓语应用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略，选B项。
39．Many people often complain that if they ________ a second chance they would live their life to the fullest.
A．had been given B．are to be given
C．were given D．are given
【答案】C　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：许多人经常抱怨道，如果被给予第二次机会，他们会过最充实的生活。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句用了虚拟语气，此处表示对与现在事实相反的情况的假设，故if从句谓语动词用过去式。故选C。
40．If I ________ you were coming, I would have picked you up at the airport.
A．knew
B．had known
C．would know
D．have known
【答案】B　
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我如果早知道你要来，我就去机场接你了。根据主句中的“would have picked you up”可知，本句用了虚拟语气，且表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故从句应用had done结构。