山西省运城市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题.doc

山西省运城市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题

山西省运城市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题

年级：
姓名：

31

山西省运城市2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）
本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5.听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例如: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19. 15. B.￡9. 15. C.￡9. 18.
答案是B。
1. Where is the man?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a waiting room.
2. What will the woman probably do this coming Sunday?
A. Study for a test. B. Call on her friend. C. Go on a picnic.
3. How many invitations in total does the woman have to send?
A. Five. B. Ten. C. Fifteen.
4. What did Oliver do last weekend?
A. He was at a meeting. B. He went to New York. C. He watched a football match.
5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Waiter and customer. B. Host and guest. C. Salesman and customer.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What's wrong with the man?
A. He has headaches. B. He has a runny nose. C. He has a temperature.
7. When did the problem begin?
A. Two weeks ago. B. Two months ago. C. Three months ago.
听第7段材料，回答第8和9题。
8. Where has Barbara been?
A. Milan. B. Florence. C. Rome.
9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase?
A. Shoes. B. Stones. C. Books.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the problem with the woman's watch?
A. It needs cleaning. B. It is ruined by water. C. It needs a new battery.
11. What does the shop offer if the woman changes a battery there?
A. A free battery. B. One-year guarantee. C. Free cleaning service.
12. Why can't the woman have her watch repaired right away?
A. The man can't fix it at the moment.
B. The woman doesn't have enough money on her.
C. There is no right battery in the shop now.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a department store. C. In a restaurant.
14. Why is the man nervous?
A. Because this is his first time to China.
B. Because he knows nothing about Chinese table manners.
C. Because he doesn't know whether he likes Chinese food or not.
15. What's the rule of table manners the woman tells the man to obey?
A. To make himself at home.
B. To learn to use chopsticks.
C. To choose less strong wines.
16. What does the man have dinner with?
A. Chopsticks. B. A knife and fork. C. A spoon.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What animals can be seen in the aquarium?
A. Sharks. B. Whales. C. Polar bears.
18. What food can the visitors give the monkeys to eat?
A. Specially prepared food. B. Sweet biscuits. C. Fruits.
19. Where do more than 300 species of birds come from?
A. South Africa. B. South America. C. Southeast Asia.
20. Who can help the visitors if they have any questions?
A. The speaker. B. The friendly feeders. C. The people at the information desk.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bringing Goods into the UK
You are allowed to bring some goods for personal use without paying tax or duty.
Arrivals from EU countries
You can bring goods from EU countries without being charged tax or duty if they are:
●transported by yourself; ●a gift or for personal use; ●bought with tax and duty included
You can bring alcohol and tobacco from EU countries without restriction but an inquiry might be required depending on the amount of your goods.
Arrivals from outside the EU
You will be free of duty or tax on certain amounts of goods brought from outside the EU, as long as they are for your own use. Any goods that are beyond your allowance should be declared.
Alcohol & tobacco allowance
Type of goods
Cigarettes
Cigars
Tobacco
Beer
Wine
(nmtsparking wine)
Spirits
Alcoholic drinks
Amount
200
50
250 grams
16 litres
4 litres
1 litres
2 litres
※There are no duty-free allowances for tobacco or alcohol if you're under 17.
Allowance for other goods:
The maximum value of other goods you can bring is £390. Any single item that is worth more than the allowance will be charged duty or tax on its full value.
The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is:
●2.5% for goods worth up to £630;
●decided by the type of goods worth above £630-check by calling the VAT, Customs and Excise Helpline.
Inside the UK; 0300 200 3700
Outside the UK: [phone]
Working time: 8 am to 6 pm, Monday to Friday,
Banned and restricted goods
Goods banned include:
●illegal drugs; ●offensive weapons; ●endangered animal and plant species;
●meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries.
Food and plant products restricted include;
●products containing pests and diseases;
●products grown outside the EU;
●products not for your own use.
We reserve the right to seize the goods which are on suspicion of violating intellectual property rights.
1. Which of the following products from outside the EU has the largest duty-free allowance?
A. Beer. B. Wine (not sparkling wine). C. Spirits. D. Alcoholic drinks.
2. How much tax shall one coming from China pay for a ring bought in America worth £500?
A. £2. 75 B. £12.5 C. £110. D. £130.
3. Which of the following items shall be banned or restricted?
A. A set of Russian dolls. B. A bottle of French wine.
C. A brick of Australian cheese. D. A package of Spanish cigarettes.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于能够带入英国物品的说明，包括可以带入的物品、要被征税的物品和烟酒类产品的起征额度等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Alcohol & tobacco allowance 表格中“Beer：16 litres(啤酒：16升)”是所有商品中数额最大的，故“啤酒”这种来自欧盟以外的产品有最大的免税额度。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 “The rate of duty or tax on items above the allowance is: ●2.5% for goods worth up to £630(超过免税额的物品的税率为：●630英镑以下的商品价格为2.5%)”可知，一个来自中国的人在美国买一枚价值500英镑的戒指要交税500*2.5%=12.5英镑。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Goods banned include: ●meat and dairy products from most non-EU countries.(禁止的商品包括：来自大多数非欧盟国家的肉类和奶制品)”可知，澳大利亚奶酪砖会被禁止带入。故选C。
B
Francisco Fernandez died after falling off a motorbike. The 45-year-old was a beloved community figure. But with a public-facing job and a spot on his lung, he was considered a possible COVID-19 carrier. A doctor ordered his family to bury him quickly, against Philippine tradition, and all eight people who lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine(隔离)in their crowded home.
Yet when Anthony Cortez, the doctor who had ordered the rushed burial and quarantine, arrived to check on the Fernandez family, none of them expressed anger. Instead, faces lit up and the kids waved eagerly.
Cortez, the only community doctor in Bambang, has overseen their medical care for years. They trust him, and he makes them laugh. The family gathered outside to have their temperatures taken by the doctor. When the kids tried to give Cortez high fives for not having a fever, the 56-year-old, in a surgical mask, face shield, and rubber gloves, showed "air fives" instead. For the 56 000 people living in Bambang, Cortez is their primary caregiver and the first responder.
When the first coronavirus(冠状病毒)case in the Philippines was confirmed on January 30, the town's response fell to Cortez. He and Mayor Pepito Balgos decided to take action based on science that, if necessary, would go beyond national restrictions. Cortez and Balgos are sharply aware of the threat the virus poses to Bambang, which sits in a valley surrounded by mountains. Anyone going south to Manila or north toward the rest of the country ends up passing through Bambang.
Cortez quickly set up a system of contact tracing. Using information from the town's 25 villages, he made a list of all the people who had traveled to other countries, and placed them under strict home quarantine. Anyone with symptoms would be moved to a center set up in the mountains. So far that center has remained empty.
"It is safer to assume that everybody is positive," he explained.
4. What is Cortez' reaction to the death of Francisco Fernandez?
A. Expressing his sympathy. B. Drowning himself into mourn.
C. Showing professional sensitivity. D. Following the tradition.
5. On what basis does Cortez take strict measures to protect Bambang?
A Its geographic character. B. Its lack of medical staff.
C. Its large population. D. The demand of the nation.
6. What can be inferred about the contact tracing system by Cortez?
A. It is totally a waste of effort. B. It is complained about by local people.
C. It is praised by higher authorities. D. It is effective as a protective means.
7. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A novel. C. A magazine. D. A biography.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乡村医生Cortez针对村民感染新冠病毒的现状，结合国家疫情防控形势和村子的地理特征，果断采取措施，降低村民感染率的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段内容尤其是最后一句“A doctor ordered his family to bury him quickly, against Philippine tradition, and all eight people who lived with him were put under a 14-day quarantine(隔离) in their crowded home.”可知，Cortez依据死者的死亡检查报告和疫情情况，迅速做出反应并立即对死者的家人采取隔离措施。由此可推知，Cortez展现出了他的职业敏感性。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段最后两句“Cortez and Balgos are sharply aware of the threat the virus poses to Bambang, which sits in a valley surrounded by mountains. Anyone going south to Manila or north toward the rest of the country ends up passing through Bambang.”可知，Bambang地处交通要道，Cortez意识到疫情可能会对它产生影响，决定采取严格的防控措施。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后两句“Anyone with symptoms would be moved to a center set up in the mountains. So far that center has remained empty.” 可知，任何出现了症状的人都会被送往山区的隔离点，而现在山区的隔离点还没有人。由此可推知，Cortez建立的接触追踪系统是有效的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了乡村医生Cortez投身于新冠病毒防控的故事。由此可推知，本文很有可能选自杂志。故选C项。
C
With the weather getting hot, bites caused by mosquitoes not only annoy people, but can result in many infectious diseases. Even when people wear long clothes, mosquitoes' complex biting mechanism enables them to bite some of them through.
It would be great if clothing could be used to completely prevent people from getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene (石墨烯), a material that is incredibly thin but really strong, in order to find out if it can make clothing resistant to mosquitoes.
In the lab experiment, volunteers exposed a small patch of skin on their arm or hand to roughly 100 mosquitoes for five minutes at a time. Researchers tested three different situations: volunteers wearing no protection, wearing cheesecloth (薄纱棉布), or wearing cheesecloth plus a thin graphene layer under it.
A video camera was then used to record and quantify mosquitoes' behavior, including whether they landed on the skin, how long they stayed there, and whether they began to draw blood. The number of bites each volunteer got was also calculated based on how many swellings developed on their skin afterward. Finally, researchers dropped a little water or sweat on top of the graphene layer and studied the consequence, and they also tested a slightly different graphene layer called "reduced graphene".
As a result, the number of mosquito bites on naked skin was the highest, about 16 on average; skin only protected by cheesecloth got the second, approximately 10 per five minutes' exposure. The exciting finding was that there was no swelling developing on skin covered by the thin graphene layer under cheesecloth, which means the material is effective at preventing mosquito bites. The mosquitoes landed on skin totally uncovered or covered in cheesecloth about 23 times on average, and stayed for one to two minutes. Comparatively, the mosquitoes landed on skin covered in the graphene layer fewer than 10 times, and the length of their stay was much shorter. Besides, water or sweat can ruin the graphene layer, which allows mosquitoes to bite through it. But fortunately, the number of mosquito bites in either dry or wet conditions can be lowered as long as the graphene material is improved to a certain extent.
8. Why did researchers conduct the experiment?
A. To record the behavior of mosquitoes.
B. To find a substance to prevent mosquito bites.
C. To find a solution to stop infectious diseases.
D. To test graphene's effectiveness in preventing mosquito bites.
9. What does the underlined word "draw" in Pargraph 4 probably mean?
A. bleed B. lose C. test D. suck
10. In which way did researchers draw a conclusion?
A. By analyzing the reasons. B. By comparing the statistics.
C. By classifying three situations. D. By recording mosquitoes' behavior.
11. Which of the following shows how the text is developed?
A. Cause-effect. B. Opinion-fact.
C. Assumption-conclusion. D. Phenomenon-evaluation.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述科学家们通过研究发现石墨烯制成的衣服在应对蚊虫叮咬方面有一定的效果。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It would be great if clothing could be used to completely prevent people from getting bitten. Researchers tested graphene (石墨烯), a material that is incredibly thin but really strong, in order to find out if it can make clothing resistant to mosquitoes.（如果衣服能完全防止人们被咬，那就太好了。研究人员测试了石墨烯，一种非常薄但非常结实的材料，以确定它是否能使衣服抵抗蚊子。）”可知，研究者做这个实验的目的是测试石墨烯预防蚊虫叮咬的有效性。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“A video camera was then used to record and quantify mosquitoes' behavior, including whether they landed on the skin, how long they stayed there, and whether they began to draw blood（然后用一台摄像机记录和量化蚊子的行为，包括它们是否落在皮肤上，停留多长时间，以及它们是否开始吸血。）和常识可知，蚊子停留在人的皮肤上目的就是吸血，由此可知，此处"draw"的意思是suck “吸”。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a result, the number of mosquito bites on naked skin was the highest, about 16 on average; skin only protected by cheesecloth got the second, approximately 10 per five minutes' exposure. （结果，蚊子叮咬裸露皮肤的次数最多，平均约16次;只有粗棉布保护的皮肤得到第二，大约每5分钟10次。）和“The mosquitoes landed on skin totally uncovered or covered in cheesecloth about 23 times on average, and stayed for one to two minutes. （这些蚊子平均有23次降落在没有遮盖的皮肤上，或者被纱布覆盖，停留1到2分钟。）”可推知，研究者们通过比较数据得出结论的。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“It would be great if clothing could be used to completely prevent people from getting bitten. （如果衣服能被用来完全防止人们被叮咬，那就太好了。）”和最后一段“But fortunately, the number of mosquito bites in either dry or wet conditions can be lowered as long as the graphene material is improved to a certain extent.（但幸运的是，只要石墨烯材料在一定程度上得到改善，无论是干燥还是潮湿条件下，蚊子叮咬的次数都可以降低。）”可得知，本文通过先提出假设再得出结论的方式来介绍本文内容的。故选C。
D
Chinese scientists have used lasers to accurately identify space debris in the Earth's orbit.
The team applied a specially developed set of rules to laser-ranging telescopes, which enabled them to identify space junk more effectively than previous techniques. “After improving the pointing accuracy of the telescope through a neural network, space debris with a cross sectional area of one square