人教新目标八年级英语下册第四单元复习讲义.doc

八年级英语第四单元复习讲义
1.Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？
【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：
(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth?  ….怎么样？(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？
(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事
(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？
(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？
【回答】(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用： ◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea. 好主意  ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to是的/我愿意   ◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法 ◆ No problem 没问题     
◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以 ◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样     
◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能◆I’d love to, but…        ◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
— Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight? — _____. A. It doesn't matter B. Thank you C. Sorry to hear that  D. Sounds great
—I feel really tired.  —______A. Lucky you! B. You’d better work harder. C. Congratulations!  D. Why not go and have a rest? 
—It’s a nice day, isn’t it?  —Yes.  ______ going hiking and relax ourselves? A. Why not    B. Why don’t   C. What about
You look too tired. Why not _____ a rest?   A. Stop to have    B. to stop having    C. stop having
2.I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.   我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。
【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多  too many people (2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework 
(3)much too +形容词  太… much too cold
— What’s the matter?    — I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ___ tonight. A. too much   B. too many C. much too
【解析2】so  conj. 因此  (表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）
The shops were closed_______ I didn't get any milk. A. so         B. as               C. or    D. but 
3.My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。
【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 【拓展】allow  v 允许 allow doing sth 允许做某事     They don’t allow smoking.
allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
①We don’t allow ______(smoke) in the reading room. ②Our teacher allows us _______(go) out for a walk.
③The boy should be allowed____(play) after supper. ④We won’t allow _____in the cinema .But you are allowed ____in the rest room.(smoke) ⑤Teenagers should ________ (allow) to choose their own clothes.
—Can I smoke in the dining hall? —Sorry. It's not_________. A. promised     B. realized     C. allowed      D. reminded
【拓展】allow与let的辨析：allow指“允许”，表示“默许，听任，不加阻止”，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。
Let指“让”，let sb do sth让某人做某事，语意较弱，多用于口语中，let不能用于被动语态。
4. What’s wrong? 怎么啦？【解析】What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？
— Mum , I’m not feeling well.    — Oh, dear! _____. A. What’s wrong    B. Not at all    C. All right.
4.I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。
【解析】until 直到......时
Please hold on to your dream _____ one day it comes true. A. if    B. until   C. unless    D. though
If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again ___ you are comfortable with them.    
—Hey, man. You can’t cross the street now. You have to wait _____ the traffic turn green. —Oh, sorry and thank you.  
5.Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上为什么不早点睡觉呢？go to sleep 去睡觉 (强调“入睡，睡着”
6. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起来很伤心。【解析】look 看起来 （系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）
Some of friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to (更喜欢)eat what ____ nice. A. feels     B. smells    C. looks   D. tastes
【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj. 作表语 一是：（be） am /is /are  be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静
二保持：stay/keep （表示持续状态） stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三变化：become/get/turn  （表示状态变化）
五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel （表示感觉）
Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public.  A. happily   B. exciting   C. worried   D. tired
Tom’s father looks very _____. But he is very kind.  A. seriously    B. serious   C. friendly
 You ____ call him up. 你____ 给他打电话。call up (v + adv)    call on 拜访；号召    I call up my parents every Sunday.
7.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.  哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。
【解析1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel eg. When I went into the room, I found ___ in bed.  A. him lying   B. he lying  C. he lies  D. him was lying
【解析2】look through 浏览 【拓展】与look相关的短语：
look for          look after=take care of    look like         look the same   look over        look through 
look out         look up    look around      look forward to 
Can you help me to _______ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong? A. look after   B. look for   C. look at   D. look through
Here is the book. First _______ it and then tell me what you think of it. A. look into  B. look through C. look up  D. look after
8. Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。be angry with sb. 生某人的气【拓展】angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地 (1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】
(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】  (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
【记】My father was very _______(对……生气)his computer. He hit the computer _______(angry)
— Why are you unhappy, Kate?  — I didn’t finish my homework again. I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.    
I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes. A. at; at     B. with; for   C. at; with   D. with; at 
I felt sorry that I dropped the juice on Tina’s bed. But she wasn’t _____at all. A. excited      B. happy            C. angry
9. Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal. 尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。
【解析1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。【注】though / although 不能与but连用
____ my father isn’t pleased with his working environment , he still works hard. A. And   B. Although   C. But    D. Before
— The boy can speak both English and Japanese ____ he is only ten. — Wow, what a clever boy!A. if B. because  C. although 
—Look! Some people are running the red lights. —We should wait _______others are breaking the rule.
A. if  B. unless  C. although  D. because
【拓展】although/however辨析 ⑴although conj，“虽然；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。
Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。
⑵ however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号分开，放在句首或句中，为“然而，尽管如此”。
It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。
【解析2】It’s not a big deal. 没什么大不了；（口语中）
10.You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。
【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth somewhere把某物忘在某地    leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
—Sorry, Mr. Green. I have ____ my homework at home.—Never mind. But don't forger next time.
A. put  B. kept   C. left  D. remained
11. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。【解析1】hope v 希望  
hope to do sth     I hope to visit Guilin.  hope + that 从句 （表示希望）  I hope that you’ll be better soon
wish v 希望   wish to do sth     I wish to visit Guilin. wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.
wish +that 从句   表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气   I wish I were you.
【解析2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟fine, well, badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。
The teachers encourage their students to ____ the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
    A. give up                 B. work out           C. look through
12.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。
【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with    get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏
A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to ______ each other.  A. get on with  B. come over to  C. stay away from 
—What kind of persons do you prefer to make friends with?—I choose my friends on their characters and how we _______.
 A. get in  B. get up  C. get on  D. get off
12.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时，像一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。
【1】argue 争吵→argument n 争论  have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb. 与某人争吵   argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵  argue about sth 争论某事
argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan
—He looks unhappy today.   —Let’s _______.  A. cheer him up       B. help out him  C. look him after      D. argue with him
【2】 hang over  挂在...之上；悬浮在…之上  hang out 闲逛；常去某处  eg. He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop. hang on to 紧紧抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.
hang up 挂电话；悬挂  After she finished her conversation
13.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的  His elder brother is ill. elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语。older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是old的比较级形式。
【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.
I’m surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was ___ , for he seems to be in his thirties.A. old B. older C. young  D. younger
【解析2】be nice to sb. 对某人友好     be friendly to sb.      be good to sb.
14.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。
【解析】refuse =say no to  v拒绝       refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事
①The boy refused _____(go) to see his father with us. He invited her to his birthday party but she _______(拒绝).
②He refused when I asked him for help.    A. said yes        B. said no     C. said hello
15.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他却想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。
【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替 (1) instead  副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。
Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。
 (2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中instead of介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead.她没给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。
 (     ) Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.
         A. instead   B. instead of   C. because of   D. because
We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______. A. either    B. however    C. yet    D. instead
To keep fit, we should have more vegetables and fruit _________(代替) of too much meat. 
【解析2】whatever = no matter what 任何，每一 ________ happens, I won’t change my mind.(无论什么）
16.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
【解析】offer to do sth 主动提出做某事【拓展】offer v 主动给予
(1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 (2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物
(     )The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.  A. offered  B. brought  C. lent  D. took
The little boy ________ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.  A. lent    B. offered  C. took   D. brought
17.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为何不坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下？
【1】secondly  adv.第二；其次【2】communicate v交流  communication n 交流；沟通communicate with sb. 和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.
They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.A. communicate    B. communicated    C. communicating
18.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。【解析】explain 解释；说明→ explanation n 解释；说明explain sth to sb. =explain to sb sth给某人解释某事
Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time _______(解释) things to us.
—Do you ________that Nancy has been a little too quiet these days?
—Yes. She didn't even say a word this afternoon.  A. hope    B. notice   C. explain    D. decide
19. I’m worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。
【析】be worried about sth. 担心某事【拓展】worry v 担心→ worried adj. 焦急的  worry about = be worried about 为…担心
①Don’t be ______(worry). You’ll catch up with others.
② Don’t ____ about things so much. It will make you stressed out. A. afraid  B. worry  C. worried  D. Terrified
－You look ______. What's up, sir?  －I can't find my ticket, but it's time to check in.A. sleepy B. hungry C. tired D. worried
20.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。
【解析】return  ⑴v 归还=give back    return ... to ... = give back to ... 把......还给......
⑵ v 回来；返回 = come back       He borrowed my iphone 4 and didn’t ________(归还）it to me.
21.My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。
【解析】press v 按；压  →pressure压力 ⑴不可数名词 （物理学）压力air pressure 气压  blood pressure 血压
⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress    under pressure 在压力下
22.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。
【析】compete v竞争；对抗→ competition  n 竞争
compete with sb. 和某人竞争compete against/ with 与…竞争compete for 为……参加比赛
We are ready for the coming ________(compete).
23.You should all be ___ each other to improve.  你们都应该互相____而全面发展。
【析】improve =make ... better 改进  →improvement  n 提高
24.Who gives their opinions about the problem?  对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。
【析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法  in one’s opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来give opinions about sth. 给出关于…的观点。
25.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。
【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】：分开是一段，   合起是某时；  分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时
(1) some time一段时间，做时间状语  It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
(2) sometime adv 在某个时候，  
(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”   Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.
(4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）
 (  ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.  A. sometimes  B. some times  C. sometime   D. some time
At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. so you have to be careful.
A. Sometime    B. Sometimes    C. Some time   D. Some times
26. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人正练习体育运动，这样他们能参与竞争并获胜。
【解析】 others  pron.  “其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。
(    ) My sister is outgoing . She likes making friends with ____.A. other     B. another    C. the other   D. others
27.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。
【解析】The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的复数前加the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.
____ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.  A. /    B.A     C. An    D. The
【解析】typical 典型的  be typical of “是……的特点”
28. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.
或许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。
【解析】cut out 删除；删去 (v+adv)     You’d better cut out that sentence.
       cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒  cut in 插队  cut off 切断（水、电）供应
(    ) Don’t ___ when others talk; it’s impolite.    A. cut out    B. cut in    C. cut down    D. cut off
29. I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。
successful 成功的【拓展】succeed  v 成功，达到→success  n  成功→successful  adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地  
◆succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 ①If at first you don’t ________(success). try, try again.
② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.
A. successful; pass      B. success ;passing  C. succeed; passing     D. successful; passing
Details decide ______ (成功) or not. If we take everything seriously, we’ll achieve our goals.
—What’s the secret of your ________（success）?—Work hard.
After hundreds of experiments, Edison _______ (成功)invented the light bulb.
It is ______ that Mr. Guo sailed across the world by himself ______ within about 130 days
         A. terrified, successful B. scary, successfully  C. amazing, successfully D. convinci