2022版高考英语一轮复习-层级4-精巧缜密的谋篇-第4讲-读后续写学案外研版.doc

2022版高考英语一轮复习 层级4 精巧缜密的谋篇 第4讲 读后续写学案外研版

2022版高考英语一轮复习 层级4 精巧缜密的谋篇 第4讲 读后续写学案外研版

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第4讲　读后续写
读后续写是新高考首次使用的题型。续写，顾名思义，就是在前文的基础上续写后文，使之与前文构成一个完整的故事。读后续写是读和写的统一，是对阅读能力、概括能力、思维转化能力、语言领悟能力和语言组织能力的全面考查。

一、题型特点
1．总体特征
读后续写的阅读材料一般为350词左右的记叙文。考生要在此文的后面接着续写约150词左右的文字与前文构成一个完整的故事。一般来说，记叙文浅显易懂，但故事情节多曲折动人，故事线索的逻辑性也较强。阅读材料虽然是一篇不完整的文章，但是它易懂，内容能延伸。要求考生续写的部分多是故事发展的高潮或结局。
2．主要类别
续写一般分为两类：半开放性续写和完全开放性续写。半开放性续写要求考生务必根据文章的逻辑推理续写。完全开放性续写则要求考生依据文章的思路自由发挥。
3．具体要求
写作的具体要求：一是要注意词数限制在150词左右，且分两段，这两段中各段的词数多少没有限定。二是要注意续写时使用的时态要与原阅读材料中的时态一致。三是要注意两段首所给句子的引领性和导向性。
二、写作步骤
第一步：仔细审题
速读阅读材料和写作要求，了解文章大意，明确写作任务。
第二步：细读全文
阅读材料一般为记叙文，阅读时要迅速抓住故事的几个关键要素：时间、地点、人物、事件。前三个要素考生易于获取，至于事件，考生必须理清事件的起因和事件的发展过程。具体地讲，在阅读材料时要用笔在原文中标记能描述事件发展过程或者表明作者态度和观点的关键词(主要是名词、动词、形容词和副词)，以备高效快捷地梳理故事线索。
第三步：精心谋篇
先仔细阅读续写部分所给出的两段段首文字，再构思这两段要写的段落大意。根据确定好的段落大意，然后进行续写，这两段加起来要能写出10到15个左右的句子，以满足续写词数的要求。
第四步：初写成文
按照第三步谋篇时确定好的写作要点进行初次写作。写作时要注意所用的人称和时态要与原材料一致。另外，还要注意尽可能地减少表达上的语法错误。如果遇到语言上的表述困难，可多参考原阅读材料中的有关语句。
第五步：润色升级
初写成文后，要对文章进行升级提升，用亮点词汇代替一般词汇，用高级句式代替一般句式。
第六步：复查定稿
完成续写后，考生要根据以下几点做好修改润色。
1．续写部分与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度。
2．内容的丰富性和高级句式的使用情况。
3．应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性。
4．续写部分与原阅读材料在内容上的连贯性与一致性。

典例一
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealer's showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.
As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather­bound dictionary, with the young man's name embossed in gold.
Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, “With all your money you give me a dictionary？” He then stormed out of the house, leaving the dictionary.
Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.
When he arrived at his father's house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his father's important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
With tears, he opened the dictionary and began to turn the pages.___________
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How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected？__________________________________________________________
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[写作步骤]
第一步：仔细审题
1．本文的写作任务是读后续写。
2．本文是关于发生在作者和父亲之间的故事。
3．本文要求续写故事的结局和故事所引发的道理。
第二步：细读全文
1．Time: Before the author's Graduation Day．
2．Place: Father's private study．
3．People: Father and the author.
4．Event: The author wanted his father to buy him a sports car, but his father sent him a dictionary. The author left home angrily and didn't visit his father until he got the news that his father had passed away．
第三步：精心谋篇
1．续写第一段：作者在父亲给自己的一本词典里发现了父亲给作者买的汽车的钥匙及感受。
(1)备用关键词：the dictionary, dealer's, sports car, his graduation, his father。
(2)构思要点句：翻读词典时，车钥匙滑落；发现钥匙附带的标签上的汽车经销商的名字、他的毕业日期和附言“已全额付款”；后悔当初没意识到包装起来的父爱。
2．续写第二段：作者经历的故事所引发的道理。
(1)备用关键词：regret, realize。
(2)构思要点句：不要等到意识到自己做错了才后悔；不要因期望得到你没有的而毁了你所拥有的；要记住你现在所拥有的就在你曾经渴望得到的东西当中；有时候，我们意识不到我们拥有的好运或者是本可能拥有的，这是因为我们所期待的“包装”不同；也许表面上的霉运实际上会是等着你去打开的一扇门。
第四步：初写成文
Paragraph 1：
1．翻读词典时，钥匙从书的后面滑落。
As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the dictionary.
2．钥匙上有一个附带汽车经销商的名字的标签，就是销售他曾渴望得到的跑车的同一个经销商。
It had a tag with the dealer's name, the same dealer who sold the sports car he had desired．
3．标签上有他的毕业日期和附言“已全额付款”。
There was the date of his graduation on the tag, and the words “PAID IN FULL”．
4．一位父亲给了他儿子伟大的爱，但是当他感到那种被包装起来的父爱时为时已晚。
A father gave great love to his son, but it was too late for him to feel that packaged love from his father.
Paragraph 2：
5．不要等到意识到自己做错了才后悔。
Do not regret until you realize what you did is wrong.
6．不要因期望得到你没有的而毁了你所拥有的。
Do not spoil what you have by hoping what you have not.
7．要记住你现在所拥有的就在你曾经渴望得到的东西当中。
Remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for.
8．有时候，我们意识不到我们拥有的好运或者是本可能拥有的，这是因为我们所期待的“包装”不同。
Sometimes we don't realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect “the packaging” to be different.
9．也许表面上的霉运实际上会是等着你去打开的一扇门。
Maybe the bad fortune in fact is the door that is just waiting to be opened．
第五步：润色升级
1．把要点3中的前半句改为倒装句。
On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”．
2．把要点4中的前半句改为感叹句。
How great the love a father gave to his son! But it was too late for him to feel that packaged love from his father.
3．把要点6中的hoping改为高级词汇。
hoping→desiring
4．把要点9中的主语部分改成名词性从句。
What may appear/seem as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.
第六步：复查定稿
With tears, he opened the dictionary and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the dictionary. It had a tag with the dealer's name, the same dealer who sold the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”. How great the love a father gave to his son! But it was too late for him to feel that packaged love from his father.
How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected? Do not regret until you realize what you did is wrong. Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not, but remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for. Sometimes we don't realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect “the packaging” to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.
典例二
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
John Blanchard stood up, straightened his army uniform(制服), and studied the crowd making their way through the station.He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with a rose.
His interest in her began thirteen months ago in a library.Taking a book off the shelf, he found himself fascinated, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the margin (页边的空白)．The soft handwriting showed a thoughtful soul and brilliant mind.In the front of the book, he discovered the owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell.With time and effort he found her address.She lived in New York City.He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond (通信)．The next day he was shipped overseas for military service.
During the next year and one month, the two begun to know each other by mail.Each letter was a seed falling on both hearts.A romance was budding.Blanchard asked for a photograph, but she refused.She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.
When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting — 7 p．m. at the Grand Central Station in New York.“You'll recognize me，” she wrote.“By the red rose I'll wear my dress.” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen.
A young lady was coming toward him.Her figure was long and slim; her blonde hair lay back from her ears; her eyes were blue as flowers; her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime coming alive.He went toward her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose.As he moved, a middle­aged woman whispered, “Going my way, Sir？”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Almost uncontrollably he made his way to the woman, and then he noticed that she was wearing a rose.____________________________________________
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The woman's face broadened into a big smile._________________________
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[写作思路与分析]
(一)仔细阅读，做好写作准备
此题要求根据短文的情节和所续写段落的提示句来进行续写。
首先，应通读短文，准确理解所给短文的大意。即：文章讲述了一个温暖的爱情故事。十三个月前在一个图书馆里，男主人公John Blanchard从书架上取下了一本书，他被这本书页边空白处的字迹所深深吸引。男主人公知道了这本书之前的主人名叫Hollis Maynell, 于是他费了很大的力气找到这个女孩的地址，开始通信。不久，男主人公John就去海外服兵役去了。在一年零一个月的通信中，他们之间的爱情慢慢发芽，当男主人公服役结束从欧洲回来的那天，他们约定晚上七点在纽约中央车站见面。女主人公说她会穿着自己的裙子拿着玫瑰出现在那里。然而，一位妙龄女子吸引了男主人公John的注意，他完全没有注意到这个妙龄女子手中并没有拿着玫瑰……
其次，根据文章的故事情节，我们可以提出以下问题：
★Why did John Blanchard study the crowd in the station?
★Why did John Blanchard go towards the young lady?
经过阅读思考，我们可以得出以下答案：
★He was eager to find Hollis Maynell.
★He thought the young lady might be the person he was waiting for.
(二)根据提示，展开合理想象
首先，根据续写部分的首句提示，我们可以提出以下问题：
★Who might be the middle­aged woman?
★Why didn't John Blanchard want to make his way to the woman?
★Why did the woman make a big smile?
继而，根据故事情节展开联想。联想的内容可以通过相应的心理、动作、语言等细节和叙述等表达方式表现出来。
第一段：当作者不情愿地向那个中年女士走过去后发现，她确实带着一朵玫瑰。John意识到这位中年女士才是他要等的人。那么，这时男主人公应该是什么样的心情呢？他是否感到失望？ 他会怎么做呢？ 是直接离开还是礼貌地和这位女士交谈呢？ 沿着以上思路我们可以这样展开联想：John Blanchard明白了这位中年女士正是他所等的人，尽管他很想跟着那个年轻女子，但理智战胜了他的想法。因此，他走上前，礼貌地和中年女士打了招呼，然后拿出了那本在图书馆找到的书。寒暄之后，他邀请女士一起吃晚餐。
第二段：这个中年女士的脸上展现出了一个大大的笑容。那么，她的笑意味着什么呢？或许她对于男主人公经得起这样的考验而感到欣慰。接下来这位女士会做些什么呢？她是不是Hollis Maynell呢？ 真正的Hollis Maynell又在哪里呢？ 沿着以上思路我们可以这样展开联想：中年女士说道：“我并不知道这一切是怎么回事。刚才走过的那个绿衣女孩恳求我把这朵玫瑰戴在身上。她说如果你邀请我一起吃晚餐的话，我就告诉你她在马路对面的餐厅等你。这是一场测试。”
(三)根据联想，编辑成文
在续写的过程中要注意续写段落与所给短文及首句提示之间的衔接。思路要清晰，情节要合理、完整，同时要注意语法、句型及所用连接词的准确性。
[参考范文]
Almost uncontrollably he made his way to the woman, and then he noticed that she was wearing a rose.John Blanchard was disappointed to see the woman, who was over 40．Exactly, she was the girl he was waiting for.Though he would like to follow the lady, he stopped and walked toward the woman, greeted her and held out the book he found in the library.“I'm John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Hollis Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner？”
The woman's face broadened into a big smile. “I don't know what this is about，”she answered, “but the young lady in her pale green suit who just went by begged me to wear the red rose on my coat.And she said if you were going to ask me out to dinner, I should tell you that the young lady is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street.She said it was a test！”
典例三
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Just the other day, I was walking around in a Big Bazaar store doing some shopping when I saw a cashier talking to a boy who couldn't have been more than 5 or 6 years old.The cashier said, “I'm sorry, but you don't have enough money to buy this doll.” Then the little boy turned to me, almost with tears in his eyes.
I bent down and counted his cash, saying, “You know that you don't have enough money for the doll, my dear.” However, the boy was still holding the doll in his hands very firmly (牢牢地)．It was clear that he wanted it very much.Finally, I asked him who he wished to give this doll to.“It's the doll that my little sister loved most and wanted so much.I want to buy it for her.I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there.” His eyes were again so sad while telling me this.
“My sister has gone to be with God.Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too, so I think she can take the doll with her to give it to my sister.” My heart nearly stopped.The little boy looked up at me and said, “I told my dad to ask Mommy not to go yet.I need her to wait until I come back from the mall.” Then he showed me a very nice photo of him.He said, “I want Mommy to take my picture with her so that my sister won't forget me.I love my mommy and I wish she won't leave me, but Dad says she has to go to see my little sister.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Then the little boy looked again at the doll very quietly.________________
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The little boy smiled and said, ____________________________________
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[写作思路与分析]
(一)仔细阅读，做好写作准备
此题要求根据短文的情节和所续写段落的提示句来进行续写。
首先，应通读短文，准确理解所给短文的大意：听说妈妈将要去看已经去世的妹妹，小男孩想让妈妈给妹妹带去她最喜欢的玩偶；可是由于带的钱不够，小男孩买不到玩偶，又不想离开。
其次，根据故事情节的发展线索，我们可以提出以下问题：
★Why did the little boy turn to the author?
★Why did the author say his heart nearly stopped?
经过阅读思考，我们可以得出以下答案：
★The little boy might want to get some help from the author.
★The author was moved by the boy's story.
(二)根据提示，展开合理想象
1．读后续写部分所给段落的提示句，推断故事发展的结果。续写部分第一段首句提示小男孩静静地看着玩偶；第二段首句提示小男孩笑了，并且说了一些话。由此推断，小男孩终于得到了玩偶；得到玩偶后，小男孩会说些什么呢？
2．根据故事结果，展开联想，串联成文。联想的内容可以通过相应的心理、动作、语言等细节描写和叙述等表达方式表现出来。
第一段可以从这些角度展开：小男孩看着玩偶，会怎么办呢？ “我”听了小男孩的故事会有什