外研版七年级下册一般过去时讲解与练习.doc

外研版七年级下册语法
一般过去时讲解与练习
（一）谓语动词构成形式：主语+动词过去时+其他
（二）表示过去某时发生的动作或状态
（三）标志词：yesterday, just now, …ago, this morning, when I was young, last…等
（四）动词过去式变化规律：
1、规则变化：
1）一般动词结尾加-ed, 如. walk--walked
2）以字母e结尾的动词加- d, 如. live--lived
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-ed, 如. hurry—hurried
4）以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed, 如. stop –stopped
2、不规则变化表

3

1) am/is --- was 是（单）
2) are --- were 是（复）
3) become --- became 成为
4) begin --- began 开始
5) bring --- brought 带来
6) build --- built 修建
7) buy --- bought 买
8) can --- could 能够
9) come --- came 来
10) cut --- cut 剪
11) do/does --- did 做
12) draw --- drew 画画
13) drink --- drank 喝
14) eat --- ate 吃
15) feel --- felt 感觉
16) fight --- fought 打架
17) find --- found 找到
18) forget --- forgot 忘记
19) get --- got 得到
20) give --- gave 给
21) go --- went 去
22) have/has --- had 做；进行
23) hear --- heard 听见
24) keep --- kept 保持
25) know --- knew 知道
26) learn --- learned, learnt 学习
27) leave --- left 离开
28) lie --- lay, lied 平卧
29) let --- let 让
30) lose --- lost 丢失
31) make --- made 制作
32) may --- might 可能
33) mean --- meant 表…意思
34) meet --- met 遇见
35) pay --- paid 付钱
36) put --- put 摆；放
37) read ---read 阅读
38) ride --- rode 骑（车）
39) run --- ran 跑
40) say --- said 说
41) see --- saw 看见
42) sell --- sold 卖；出售
43) send --- sent 发送
44) show --- showed 展示
45) sing --- sang 唱歌
46) sit --- sat 坐
47) sleep --- slept 睡觉
48) speak --- spoke 说话
49) spell --- spelled, spelt 拼写
50) spend --- spent 度过
51) stand --- stood 站立
52) swim --- swam 游泳
53) take --- took 带走
54) teach --- taught 教
55) tell --- told 讲
56) think --- thought 思考；想
57) wear --- wore 穿
58) write --- wrote 写

3、巧记不规则动词过去式
1、中间去e末尾加t，如：
　　keep→kept，feel→felt，sleep→slept，sweep→swept
2、结尾d变t，如：
　　build→built，lend→lent，send→sent，spend→spent
3、遇见i改为a，如：
　　ring→rang，sit→sat，drink→drank，sing→sang，swim→swam，begin→began，give→gave
4、“骑（马）”“开（车）”“写（字）”——把i变o
　　如：ride→rode，drive→drove，write→wrote
5、“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”——ought换上，如：think→thought，buy→bought，bring→brought，fight→fought
6、“教书”“抓住”——aught切莫忘，如：
　　teach→taught，carry→caught
7、ow/aw改为ew是新时尚，如：
　　know→knew，grow→grew，throw→threw，draw→drew
8、“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一个样，如：put→put，let→let，read→read/red/
（五）否定句：
1、动词be过去式后直接加not
Eg. I was not in Chengdu last year.
2、当是实义动词时，加助动词didn’t后跟动词原形
Eg. I didn’t telephone my parents yesterday.
（六）一般疑问句：
1、 动词be过去式提前 Eg. Were you in Chengdu last year?
2、当是实义动词时将助动词did 放在前面，后跟主语和动词原形
Eg. Did you telephone my parents yesterday?
（七）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
练习：
I:将下列动词变为过去式（规则动词和不规则动词）
1.look 2.live 3.stop 4.carry 5.hope
6.trip 7.call 8.finish 9.want 10.are
11.go 12.have 13.do 14.get e
16.say 17.see 18.put 19.eat 20.take
21.read 22.catch 23.listen 24.arrive 25.plan
II：句型转换
1、他曾是一名学生。
肯定句 He a student.
否定句 He a student.
一般疑问句 he a student?
肯定回答 ， .否定回答 ， .
1、 他们昨晚开了一个会。
肯定句They had a meeting last night.　
否定句They a meeting last night.
一般疑问句 they a meeting last night?
肯定回答 ， .否定回答 ， .
提问： they last night?
过去时专项练习
I:用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night.
3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
4. There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
5. I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
6. I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
7. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
8. Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
9. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
10. She watches TV every evening. But she _________ (not watch) TV last night.
11．________ your father ________ ( go ) to work every day last year?
12. What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday?
13. What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?
14. Last year the teacher _________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.
15. There ____________( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.
16. ---When _______ you _________ (come) to china?　　---Last year.
17.            she ________ (have) supper at home?
18. Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now.
19. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
20. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
21. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.
22. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch it.
II:按要求变换句型。
1. Father bought me a new bike. （否定句）

2. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）

3. He cleaned his rooms last weekend. （划线提问)

4. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句）

5. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）

6. Did you go to the Great Wall with your friends last year? (改为肯定句)

7. They didn’t saw the picture on the wall. (改为肯定句)