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(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit1TeenageLife知识汇总笔记
单选题
1、My father ________ on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A.leftB.entertainedC.whisperedD.impressed
答案:D
考查动词。句意:我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值,教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left离开;B. entertained使娱乐;C. whispered低声说;D. impressed使印象深刻。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语,意为“使某人牢记;使某人铭记”。故选D。
2、This year’s Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin.句子中的主语是:
A.this yearB.Nobel PrizeC.physiologyD.medicine
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖被授予屠呦呦,她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。分析可知,句中涉及一个whose引导的非限制性定语从句,因此句子主语应在主句部分找;主句中:主语为Nobel Prize,This year’s和for physiology or medicine分别作为Nobel Prize的前置定语和后置定语;谓语为has been awarded to ;宾语为Tu Youyou。故选B。
3、The government will have to ________ the challenge of rising unemployment.
A.rise toB.look forward to
C.make the most ofD.take advantage of
答案:A
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:政府将不得不应对失业率上升的挑战。A. rise to应付……;上升到……;B. look forward to盼望,期望;C. make the most of充分利用;D. take advantage of利用。根据“the challenge of rising unemployment.”可知,政府将必须应对失业率上升的挑战。故选A。
4、Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually ________paper money for almost every purchase.
A.exchangeB.reduceC.replaceD.substitute
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:信贷行业的许多人预计,信用卡最终将在几乎所有消费中取代纸币。A. exchange交换;B. reduce减少;C. replace取代;D. substitute用……来取代。根据“Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually”可知,此处是指信贷行业的人预计信用卡会取代纸币,用replace符合题意;而substitute意为“用……来取代”,接宾语paper money时意为“用纸币来取代……”不符合题意。故选C。
5、Afternoon tea, ________ as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.
A.to designB.designingC.designedD.having designed
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:下午茶的历史可以追溯到19世纪40年代,是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语date back to,所以空白处为非谓语。动词design和所修饰的名词短语Afternoon tea之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,由逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故选C项。
6、He has already stated his ________ to run for election.
A.intentionB.additionC.graduationD.organization
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他已表示有意参加选举。A. intention目的,意图;B. addition附加,增加物;C. graduation毕业;D. organization组织。根据“run for election.”可知,此处是指参加选举的意图。故选A。
7、Most colleges now offer students a lesson ______ to help them succeed.
A.designedB.designingC.to designD.being designed
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:现在大多数大学都为学生提供帮助他们成功的课程。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语lesson构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故选A。
8、Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good _________.
A.impressionB.impressC.impressiveD.impressed
答案:A
考查名词。句意:不管怎样,不管他们喜欢与否,他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象;B.impress留下深刻印象;C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单数形式,因此空格处是“impression”,故选A。
9、I’ve been trying to read this book all day, but somehow I cannot ________ to it properly.
A.give inB.settle downC.look forwardD.live up
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我一整天一直都在尽力读这本书,但不知怎么的,我不能完全专心致志于它。A. give in迁就;B. settle down专心致志于;C. look forward盼望;D. live up不辜负。以上四个动词短语都与句中介词to构成固定短语,根据句意可知,要用动词短语settle down to(专心致志于)在句中作谓语,符合句意。故选B项。
10、The man never rides a bike.
A.SVB.SVAC.SVPD.SVO
答案:D
考查基本句型。句意:这个人从不骑自行车。The man是主语,never是状语,rides是谓语动词,a bike是宾语。由此可知,本句属于“主谓宾”句型。故选D。
11、We will make him our monitor. (分析句子结构)
A.S+V+OB.S+V+DO+IOC.S+V+PD.S+V+O+OC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知,“We”在句中作主语(S),“will make”作谓语(V),“him”作宾语(O),“our monitor”作宾语补足语(OC),故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选D项。
12、The fact is that a balanced diet can keep us __________ and healthy.
A.originalB.energeticC.awkwardD.fictional
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:事实是,均衡的饮食可以让我们保持精力充沛和健康。A. original最初的;B. energetic精力充沛的;C. awkward尴尬的;D. fictional虚构的。根据句意,此处应表示“均衡的饮食可以让我们保持精力充沛”。故填形容词energetic,作宾补,故选B。
13、All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A.curiousB.enviousC.cautiousD.generous
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况,想知道他的秘密。A. curious好奇的,渴望知道的;B. envious嫉妒的;C. cautious谨慎的;D. generous慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知,所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选A。
14、If you want to stay healthy, you must ________ junk food.
A.take care ofB.pay attention to
C.stay away fromD.look forward to
答案:C
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:如果你想保持健康,你必须远离垃圾食品。A. take care of照顾;B. pay attention to注意;C. stay away from远离;D. look forward to期望。根据“If you want to stay healthy,”可知,想保持健康必须远离垃圾食品。故选C。
15、If we travel abroad, we prefer to stay in five-star hotels. That’s because they can ______ guests with the best service.
A.previewB.provideC.preventD.design
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们出国旅游,我们更愿意住5星级酒店。那是因为他们可以为顾客提供最好的服务。A. preview v.预先观看;B. provide v. 提供; C. prevent v. 阻碍D. design v. 设计。根据“guests with the best service”可知,那是因为他们可以为顾客提供最好的服务。这里考查动词短语provide sb with sth表示“为某人提供某物”的意思。故选B。
16、I didn’t feel ________ at all when ________ myself at the beginning of this school year.
A.confident, introducingB.confidently, introducing
C.confident, introducedD.confidently, introduced
答案:A
考查形容词和状语从句的省略。句意:这学年开始我介绍自己的时候,我一点都不自信。根据句子结构可知,第一个空要用形容词做表语,表示主语的状态,所以第一个空填confident;第二个空考查“when”引导的时间状语从句的省略:当主从句主语一致,并且从句谓语有be动词时,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。根据意思可知,introduce这个动作是主句主语“I”主动发出的动作,所以完整的句子应该是“when I was introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,省略了从句的主语和be动词之后,就是“when introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,所以第二个空填introducing。故选A。
17、He noticed a man enter the room.
A.SVOOB.SOAC.SVAD.SVOC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:他注意到一个人进了房间。句中主语为He,谓语动词为noticed,宾语为a man,enter the room为宾语补足语。所以本句为主谓宾补结构。故选D。
18、Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A.restrictedB.acknowledgedC.designedD.employed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Emily Dickinson是公认的历史上最优秀的女诗人之一。A. restricted限制;B. acknowledged承认;C. designed设计;D. employed雇用。结合句意可知,此处指“被公认为是历史上最优秀的女诗人之一”,be acknowledged as被公认为,固定搭配。故选B项。
19、Analyze the structure of the following sentence:“I hope to be fluent when I graduate.”
A.SVOB.SVAC.SVOAD.SP
答案:C
考查句子结构。题目要求分析句子成分,本句的主语是I,谓语动词是hope,宾语是to be fulent,此处是不定式短语做hope的宾语,when引导的是时间状语,所以整个句子结构是主谓宾+状语,故选C项。
20、①Mum ②encouraged ③me ④to try different kinds of food.
①②③④分别代表不同的句子成分,请选择分析正确的一项
A.主语、谓语、宾语、宾语B.主语、谓语、宾语、补语
C.主语、谓语、表语、状语D.主语、谓语、宾语、状语
答案:B
考查句子成分。句意:妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物。分析句子可知,名词Mum“妈妈”在句中作主语,表示动作的发出者;动词encouraged“鼓励”在句中作谓语,表示主语发出的动作;代词的宾格me“我”在句中作宾语,表示动作的承受者;不定式短语to try different kinds of food“尝试不同种类的食物” 在句中作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的动作。①②③④分别是主语、谓语、宾语、补语。故选B项。
21、You are not to take photos in the museum without ______.
A.occasionB.contributionC.impressionD.permission
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:未经允许,你不能在博物馆里拍照。A. occasion场合;B. contribution贡献:C. impression印象;D. permission同意,许可。根据句意,此处考查介词短语without permission,意为“未经许可”,作状语。故选D项。
22、I think you should go back to your _______ plan, which is much more practical than the present one.
A.epicB.originalC.awkwardD.fictional
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我认为你应该转回到你原来的计划,要比现在计划实际得多。A. epic史诗的,壮丽的;B. original最初的;C. awkward局促不安的,令人尴尬的;D. fictional虚构的,小说(中)的。根据句意可知,此处意为“最初的计划”,表达为the original plan,故选B。
23、My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A.leftB.entertainedC.whisperedD.impressed
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值,教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left 离开;B. entertained 使娱乐;C. whispered 低声说;D. impressed 使印象深刻。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语,意为“使某人牢记;使某人铭记”,符合句意。故选D项。
24、Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this ______ out of the long-existing discrimination.
A.conceptB.assessmentC.identityD.personality
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵制这个身份。A. concept观念;B. assessment评估,评价;C. identity身份;D. personality个性,品格。根据空前“Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后“out of the long-existing discrimination”可知,很多男性抵制男护士这个身份。故选C项。
25、She is ______ that her son won’t listen to any suggestions.
A.annoyingB.annoyedC.anoyedD.annoy
答案:B
考查形容词。句意:她儿子不听任何建议,她很生气。A. annoying令人生气的;B. annoyed感到生气的;C. anoyed拼写错误;D. annoy生气。此处形容词作表语,修饰主语She的状态,故选B。
26、Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order . 句子中的谓语动词是______.
A.tiredB.knowingC.hadD.order
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:我们又累又饿,又不会说中文,根本不知道怎么点餐。句子主语是I,谓语动词是had,宾语是no idea,构成主谓宾结构。Tired, hungry and not knowing a word of Chinese为状语成分。故选C。
27、The machine must be out of order.
The structure of the sentence is ______.
A.主+谓+宾B.主+谓+间宾+直宾
C.主+系+表D.主+谓+宾+宾补
答案:C
考查基本句型。句意:这部机器一定是坏了。分析句子结构,the machine是主语,must be为情态动词+系动词,out of order位于系动词后面,是表语。由此可知,这个句子是“主+系+表”结构。故填C。
28、He was late again, ______ made the teacher ______.
A.which; annoyingB.which; annoyed
C.that; annoyingD.that; annoyed
答案:B
考查定语从句和形容词辨析。句意:他又迟到了,这使老师很生气。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,从句缺少主语,故用关系代词which引导;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;第二空为make+宾语+宾补结构,修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词annoyed;annoying表示“令人生气的”用于修饰物。故选B。
29、Kate’s new to the job but I have every_______ in her.
A.impressionB.experimentC.confidenceD.strategy
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:凯特是新来的,但我对她很有信心。A. impression印象;B. experiment实验;C. confidence自信;D. strategy策略。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处使用名词作宾语。have every confidence in sb为固定短语,意为“对某人有信心”。故选C。
30、He waited________ for spring.
A.anxiouslyB.anxiousC.anxietyD.anxieties
答案:A
考查副词。句意:他焦急地等待春天的到来。A. anxiously副词,焦急地;B. anxious形容词,焦急的;C. anxiety名词,焦虑;D. anxieties名词(anxiety的复数)担心;害怕。修饰动词wait应用副词anxiously,作状语。故选A。
完成句子
31、一句多译
给我印象最深的是他歌唱得好。
①________ was that he sang well.(what)
②________ that he sang well.(it做形式主语)
答案: What impressed me most It impressed me most
考查主语从句。根据句意可知,空处为主语从句,主语从句用what引导,在从句中作主语,表示“令人印象深刻的事情”;impress sb. most“令某人最印象深刻”,根据was可知,主语从句中用一般过去时态,谓语动词用过去式。所以第一个句子可以填What impressed me most;主语从句也可以放到后面,用it作形式主语,所以第二个句子可以填It impressed me most。故填①What impressed me most②It impressed me most。
32、给我印象最深的是她乐于帮助处境困难的人。
______ ______ ______ ______ is her willingness to help others in trouble.
答案: What impressed me most
考查主语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“给我印象最深”,用what引导的主语从句,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,“给某人印象最深”是impress sb. most,因此空格处是What impressed me most,故填What,impressed,me,most。
33、你可能会感到焦虑,因为你发现自己发育的速度和朋友们不同:要么是个头猛窜,要么是远远落在其他人后面。
You may feel _______ that you are developing at a different _______ to your friends, _______ _______ in height or getting left far behind.
答案: anxious
rate shooting up
考查形容词、名词和非谓语动词。根据句意,“感到焦虑”表达为feel anxious,第一空应用形容词anxious,作feel的表语;“以不同的速度”表达为 at a different rate,第二空应填名词rate,作at的宾语;“个头猛窜”表达为动词短语shoot up in height,此处考查非谓语动词,shoot与逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填①anxious;②rate;③shooting;④up。
34、她总是试图通过穿新衣给人留下印象。
She’s always trying to ____ ____ _____on people with her new clothes.
答案: make an impression
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定短语make an impression on sb.“给某人留下印象”,空前为短语try to do sth.“试图做某事”,应使用动词原形。故填①make;②an;③impression。
35、没有一次尝试,你永远都不会知道结果。
You will never know the result__________ __________ __________.
答案: without a try.
考查介词短语。介词 without 意为“没有,缺乏”,名词try意为“尝试”,“没有一次尝试”可翻译为without a try,在该句中作状语。故填 ①without ②a ③try。
36、万一这孩子出了什么事怎么办?
____ ____anything should happen to the child?
答案: What if
考查固定短语。结合汉语意思“万一……怎么办”可知短语为what if,句首单词首字母要大写。故填①What;②if。
37、Don’t ________. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人。我会觉得孤单的。
答案:leave me alone
考查固定搭配。分析句子可知,表示“留下......一个人”使用固定搭配leave sb. alone,符合本句语境。根据“ I will feel lonely.”得知,是说别留下我一个人。故填leave me alone。
小提示:
38、理解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。
_________ as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
答案:Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is
考查固定短语。结合句意表示“理解你自己的需要和交流风格”翻译为understand your own needs and styles of communication,作句子的主语,应用动名词形式,且为一般现在时,谓语用单数。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is。
39、________________________ while we are swimming?
如果我们游泳时下雨怎么办?
答案:What if it rains
考查固定句式。表示“如果……会怎么样?”的固定句式为“What if…? ”,后接完整的句子,常用一般现在时态;表示“下雨”为“it rains”。故填What if it rains。
40、我很难让这个受到惊吓的男孩平静下来。
I had trouble________________.
答案:(in) calming the frightened boy down
考查固定短语。分析句子可知,have trouble in为固定短语,意为“做某事很困难”,后应接动名词作宾语,in可以省略。“让……平静下来”可翻译为calm...down,“受到惊吓的男孩”可翻译为the frightened boy。故填(in) calming the frightened boy down。
语法填空
41、We look forward to______________(strengthen) our already close cooperation with the police service. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:strengthening
考查动名词。句意:我们期待着加强我们与警方已经密切的合作。strengthening与逻辑主语we之间为主谓关系,look forward to后接名词或动名词,作宾语。故填strengthening。
42、Everyone in the village likes him because he is good __________telling and making up stories.
答案:at
考查固定短语。句意:村里的所有人都喜欢他,因为他特别会编故事、讲故事。分析前后句因果关系容易推断,这里要用be good at意为“擅长……”。故填at。
43、I am excited that there is a lot ________ (explore) at senior high school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to explore
考查不定式。句意:我很兴奋在高中有很多东西要探索。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定句型“there is sth. to do”,意为“有事要去做”,应用不定式表示将要发生的动作,“explore”意为“探索”,动词词性,故空格处应填“to explore”。故填to explore。
44、My dad and I are both looking forward to ________ (go) to the Beijing history museum. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:going
考查非谓语动词。句意:我爸爸和我都期待着去北京历史博物馆。look forward to “期待”,to为介词,所以后面接动名词作宾语。故填going。
45、He just gave me the ________(impress)he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impression
考查名词。句意:他给我的印象是,如果他一个人做,我们想做的任何项目他都能做得更好。定冠词修饰名称,所以此处用名词impression,此处表示特指,用单数,故填impression。
46、The heart ___________________(compare) to a pump. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is compared
考查动词时态和语态。句意:心脏被比喻为一个泵。此处是句子谓语动词,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语heart和compare之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is compared。
47、The senior ____________ asked me to ________________ a poster for the campaign (design).(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案: designer design
考查名词和固定短语。句意:高级设计师让我为这次活动设计一张海报。空格一前senior意为“高级的”,形容词词性,后接名词,在句中作主语,design意为“设计”,动词词性,对应的名词为designer,意为“设计师”,符合句意。空格二涉及固定短语“ask sb. to do sth.”,意为“让某人做某事”,不定式符号to后接动词原形,故填design。故填designer; design。
48、We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth ________(organization), subject to availability. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:organizations
考查名词。句意:我们为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金,视情况而定。根据and前面的schools是复数形式可判断,此处需使用organization的复数形式作宾语,需填organizations。故填organizations。
49、For many foreigners who have visited or worked in China, one of their strong______(impress) is that the country is very safe. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impressions
考查名词的数。句意:对许多去过中国或在中国工作过的外国人来说,他们强烈的印象之一是中国非常安全。空格前是形容词strong,形容词修饰名词,所以空格处要填名词,impress的名词形式是impression。由提示词one of可知,名词要用复数形式。故填impressions。
50、Either you or one of your students ______(be)to attend the meeting. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is
考查主谓一致。句意:要么你,要么你的一个学生来参加这次会议。短语either...or..(要么...要么...)使用就近原则,因此谓语与one of yourstudents保持一直。故填is。
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