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(每日一练)全国通用版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit知识点归纳总结(精华版)
单选题
1、—Tom, you seem to be overjoyed.
—______? I have just received the offer of Sydney University.
A.Guess whatB.What forC.What ifD.So what
答案:A
考查交际用语。句意:——汤姆,你看起来很高兴。——你猜怎么着?我刚刚收到悉尼大学的录取通知书。A. Guess what你猜怎么着;B. What for为什么;C. What if假使……将会怎么样;D. So what那又怎样。根据语境可知,汤姆很高兴,取得了意想不到的结果,Guess what(你猜怎么着)符合题意。故选A。
2、He reasoned that evolution seemed to proceed not by ________ but by chance and fate.
A.designB.rarityC.natureD.transformation
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他推断,进化似乎不是通过设计,而是偶然和命运。A. design设计; B. rarity稀少;C. nature自然;D. transformation转换。根据后面的by chance and fate以及but表示转折可知,前面说的是进化不是设计好的。故选A项。
3、Do you feel ______ when going into the wilderness alone?
A.frighteningB.frightenC.frightenedD.to frighten
答案:C
考查形容词。句意:你独自一人进入荒野时,你会感到害怕吗?系动词feel后需接形容词作表语,排除选项B和D;主语是人you,所以此处需用ed形容词frightened“害怕的”作表语。故选C。
4、After _____ your destination, you will have a day ____ the city.
A.getting to, exploringB.reaching, to explore
C.arriving, to exploreD.reaching, to be explored
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:到达目的地后,您将有一天的时间来探索这座城市。A.getting to到达,exploring探索;B.reaching到达, to explore探索;C.arriving到达, to explore探索;D.reaching到达, to be explored被探索。第一个设空处在句中作非谓语,前为介词,设空处应用动名词的形式作宾语,表示“到达”为get to或者reach,故第一个设空处可为reaching或者getting to;第二个设空处为非谓语,表示将来,应用动词不定式的形式作定语,且动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义,应为to explore。故选B。
5、________ honesty, I know a lot of people who don’t pay bus fares.
A.Concentrating onB.Speaking ofC.Leading toD.Living up to
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:谈到诚实,我知道许多人乘公车不买票。 A. Concentrating on集中于;B. Speaking of谈到;C. Leading to导致;D. Living up to不辜负。根据句意可知,设空处表达了“谈到”的含义,所以要选B项。故选B项。
6、There are _________ animals in this world, which keeps the balance of nature.
A.frightenedB.formerC.variousD.likely
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在这个世界上有各种各样的动物,这保持了自然的平衡。A. frightened害怕的;B. former先前的;C. various各种各样的;D. likely可能的。根据“which keeps the balance of nature”可知,动物多样性保持自然界平衡。故选C。
7、In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A.isB.wasC.areD.will be
答案:D
考查一般将来时。句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时,其构成是there will be,故选D。
8、Be as careful of the books you read, as of the ________ you keep, for your habits and character will be as much influenced by the ________ as by the latter.
A.resentment...formalB.company . . .former
C.hatred...formalD.virtue...former
答案:B
考查名词和形容词辨析。句意:对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎,因为你的习惯和性格受到前者(书籍)和后者(朋友)的影响一样大。A.resentment愤恨,formal正式的;B.company同伴, former前者(的);C.hatred憎恨,formal正式的;D.virtue美德,former前者(的)。根据“Be as careful of the books you read”可知,第一空拿读书和交友作比较,所以选“同伴”;根据“the latter”可知,第二空将前者和后者进行对比,所以选“前者”,故选B。
9、Setting goals makes you______.
A.confidenceB.confidentlyC.to be confidentD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:设置目标让你充满信心。make后接复合宾语,空处用形容词作宾语补足语,解释说明宾语you,故选D。
小提示:
10、You can get a general ________ of our school.
A.impressiveB.impressionC.impressD.impressed
答案:B
考查名词和词性。句意:你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的;B.impression印象;C.impress使留下深刻印象;D.impressed印象深刻的。general是形容词,修饰名词,空格处是名词impression,意为“印象”,前面有冠词a,空格处用单数,故选B。
11、She couldn’t make herself heard above the noise of the traffic.
The structure of the sentence is ______.
A.主+谓+宾B.主+谓+间宾+直宾
C.主+系+表D.主+谓+宾+宾补
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:在车辆的嘈杂声中,她无法使人听见她的声音。分析句子结构可知,这个句子的主语是She,谓语是 couldn’t make,宾语是 herself ,过去分词heard作宾语补足语。故选D项。
12、The campus was so beautiful and quiet that I wanted to ___________it.
A.changeB.exploreC.attackD.decorate
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:校园是如此美丽和安静以至于我想要探索它。A. change改变;B. explore探索;C. attack袭击;D. decorate装饰。根据句意可知,句子为结果状语从句,校园是如此美丽和安静,所以我应该是想要探索它,“explore”意为“探索”,动词词性,符合句意。故选B项。
13、It was at the age of 5 ________ he left his hometown for Shanghai.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.as
答案:A
考查强调句型。句意:那是在5岁的时候他离开了家乡去上海。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查强调句型It was...that...的结构,被强调的部分at the age of 5是介词短语做时间状语,he left his hometown for Shanghai是主谓宾基本成分完整的句子,所以只能用that。故选A。
14、People gathered to______ their opposition to the plans.
A.exchangeB.registerC.concentrateD.design
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:人们聚集起来表示反对这些计划。A. exchange交换;B. register发表意见,注册;C. concentrate集中;D. design设计。根据句意,句中表示“发表反对意见”用register their opposition。故选B。
15、Last week, the government started a programme_______ to help people who had been out of work for a long time.
A.designedB.to designC.designingD.to be designed
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:上周,政府启动了一个旨在帮助长期失业的人的项目。本句主语是the government,谓语动词是started,本句无连接词连接,所以空处design应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语program构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
16、It is considered that digital TV is________ to satellite TV because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures.
A.betterB.superiorC.seniorD.junior
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有人分析说,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势。A. better更好的;B. superior优质的;C. senior年长的;D. junior职位较低的。由“because it allows the same service to be delivered with clearer pictures”可知,数字电视在提供同样的服务的同时,画面也更加清晰,因此比卫星电视更有优势,superior to意为“优于;比……优越”。故选B。
17、I have created these sentences to give you a chance to________ the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty.
A.selectB.replaceC.exploreD.decorate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我创造了这些句子,给你一个机会去探索英语词汇世界和它隐藏的魅力。A. select挑选;B. replace代替;C. explore探索;D. decorate装饰。根据后文the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty可知,此处指“探索”。故选C项。
18、With his attention________on his book, he noticed nothing.
A.concentratedB.concentrateC.concentratingD.to concentrate
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:他全神贯注地看书,什么也没注意到。本题考查with的复合结构,介词with后宾语his attention与concentrate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
19、Emily Dickinson is generally _________ as one of the finest women poets in history.
A.restrictedB.acknowledgedC.designedD.employed
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Emily Dickinson是公认的历史上最优秀的女诗人之一。A. restricted限制;B. acknowledged承认;C. designed设计;D. employed雇用。结合句意可知,此处指“被公认为是历史上最优秀的女诗人之一”,be acknowledged as被公认为,固定搭配。故选B项。
20、选出以下句子的结构类型: He tells them a funny story.
A.SVOB.SVOCC.SV IO DOD.SV
答案:C
考查句子结构。句意:他给他们讲了一个有趣的故事。句中He为主语, tells为谓语动词,them为间接宾语,a funny story为直接宾语,所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选C。
21、The river has gone dry.
A.SVOB.SVPC.SVAD.SV
答案:B
考查句中结构。句意:这条河已经干涸了。句中主语为The river ,gone为系动词,形容词dry作表语。所以本句为主系表结构。故选B。
22、______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ______ out of life.
A.Seeing; frightenedB.Seeing; frighteningC.Seen; frightenedD.To see; frightening
答案:A
考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:看到那条大蛇,小女孩站在树下吓得要命。第一空句中逻辑主语the little girl与see之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。第二空用形容词作状语,主语是人,所以用修饰人的-ed形式frightened,-ing形式frightening说明物的性质和状态。故选A。
23、I’ve been trying to read this book all day, but somehow I cannot ________ to it properly.
A.give inB.settle downC.look forwardD.live up
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我一整天一直都在尽力读这本书,但不知怎么的,我不能完全专心致志于它。A. give in迁就;B. settle down专心致志于;C. look forward盼望;D. live up不辜负。以上四个动词短语都与句中介词to构成固定短语,根据句意可知,要用动词短语settle down to(专心致志于)在句中作谓语,符合句意。故选B项。
24、The sentence structure(结构)of “Mr. Wu teaches us English.”is________
A.S+V+DO+OCB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+OD.S+V+P
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:吴老师教我们英语。在本句中,Mr. Wu 是主语;teaches是谓语动词;us是间接宾语;English是直接宾语,因此本句属于S+V+IO+DO(主谓宾宾),故选B。
25、It’s a _______ idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院) to receive patients during the outbreak of the Covid-19.
A.cheerfulB.classicalC.creativeD.curious
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,建造方舱医院来接收患者是一个有创意的想法。A. cheerful欢快的;B. classical经典的;C. creative有创意的;D. curious好奇的。根据句意及常识可知,建造方舱医院是我们国家的一个有创意的想法。故选C。
26、He cannot concentrate________ the reading due to the________ scream outside the library.
A.on; annoyingB.on; annoyedC.to; annoyingD.to; annoyed
答案:A
考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意:由于图书馆外面恼人的尖叫声,他无法集中精力读书。第一空为短语concentrate on表示“集中于”;第二空修饰scream应用-ing结尾形容词annoying,annoyed常用于修饰人,表示“生气的”不符合语境。故选A。
27、We will make him our monitor. (分析句子结构)
A.S+V+OB.S+V+DO+IOC.S+V+PD.S+V+O+OC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知,“We”在句中作主语(S),“will make”作谓语(V),“him”作宾语(O),“our monitor”作宾语补足语(OC),故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选D项。
28、He listened carefully as if he could ________ his mother’s footsteps from the crowd.
A.determineB.reactC.exploreD.distinguish
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他仔细听着,好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine决定;B.react作出反应;C.explore探索;D.distinguish分辨。由“his mother’s footsteps from the crowd”可知,句子表示“他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”,空格处意为“分辨”。故选D。
29、The little boy bought his mother a gift on Mother’s day.
A.SVIODOB.SPC.SVOD.SVA
答案:A
考查句子结构。句意:小男孩在母亲节给妈妈买了一个礼物。The little boy作主语(S),bought作谓语(V), his mother作间接宾语(IO),a gift作直接宾语(DO),on Mother’s day作时间状语,因此该句为SVIODO结构。故选A。
30、Finding a proper apartment takes a lot of time, but with adequate preparation and _____, you’ll find the one you want.
A.qualityB.personalityC.generosityD.patience
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:找到一套合适的公寓需要很多时间,但只要有充分的准备和耐心,你就会找到你想要的公寓。A. quality质量;B. personality个性;C. generosity慷慨;D. patience耐心。根据句意可知,找到一套合适的公寓需要很多时间,由此可知,你需要耐心,“patience”意为“耐心”,为不可数名词,作介词“with”的宾语,符合语境。故选D项。
完成句子
31、在高中,你应该多思考、学习和探索。
At senior high you should think, study and ________________.
答案:explore more
考查动词和副词比较级。句意:在高中,你应该多思考、学习和探索。explore探索;more更多地;情态动词should后面需加动词原形,more修饰动词explore,结合语境,需用副词比较级。故答案是explore more。
32、望早日回信。
I’m ________________________ you soon.
答案:looking forward to hearing from
考查固定短语和时态。Look forward to ...期望……,其中的to是介词,后接动名词作宾语 ;hear from sb意思为“收到某人的来信”。根据句中的“I’m”可知用的是现在进行时,look 要用现在分词形式,故填looking forward to hearing from。
。
33、一天放学后,探索那座大山上的绿色森林时,我差点摔在一排台阶上。(连词+分词短语)
One day after school, _______green woods of that mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs.
答案:while exploring
考查状语从句的省略。“探索”使用动词explore,空处应用while引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”,从句主语应用I,根据句中fell可知,句子描述过去的动作,结合语意,从句应用过去进行时表示过去的动作正在进行,即was exploring,状语从句中,从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词,则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填while exploring。
34、眼科医生建议孩子应该在六个月大的时进行第一次眼睛检查。
Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam_________ _________at the age of six mouths old.
答案: be examined
考查虚拟语气。分析句子可知,在表示“建议”后的宾语从句中(这里用了recommend),常用虚拟语气,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形” 构成,should通常可以省略。而在从句中,主语exam与动词examine之间是被动关系,要用被动语态。故填be examined。
35、我性格并不外向,所以现在感觉有点焦虑。
I’m not ________ so I’m a little ________ right now.
答案: outgoing anxious
考查形容词。根据汉语提示可知,第一空的内容为“外向的”,作表语,用形容词outgoing;第二空含义为“焦虑的”,作表语,用形容词anxious,故填①outgoing②anxious。
36、The programme _________________ who have been out of work for a long time.
这项活动的目的是帮助下岗很长时间的人。
答案:is designed to help people
考查固定短语和时态。结合原文,分析句子可知,“目的是……”是句中谓语动词,用一般现在时态,可用固定短语“be designed to do...”来表示,意为“目的是……”,又因主语The programme是单数名词,所有谓语动词用单数形式,“帮助……人”用动词“help people”表示。故填is designed to help people。
37、如果明天下雨怎么办?我们要推迟野餐吗?
_____ _____ _____ _____ tomorrow? Shall we put the picnic off?
答案: What if it rains
考查固定句式和时态。“如果……怎么办”可翻译为what if,置于句首时首字母要大写,即What if;What if用于提出假设时,常用一般现在时;“下雨”译为it rains。故答案为What;if;it;rains。
38、15岁是个尴尬的年纪。
15________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: is an awkward age
考查名词和形容词。“年纪”是age,“尴尬的”是awkward,an awkward age尴尬的年纪。句子为主系表结构,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。根据句意,故填is an awkward age。
39、反思下你的学习方式,想想哪种才是最好的方法来学习英语。
______________ your learning styles and think about what is __________________________________English.
答案: Reflect on the best way to learn
考查固定短语,祈使句及非谓语动词。根据中文提示,可用reflect on来表示题干中的“反思”。此处表示建议的语气,所以用祈使句。reflect on用动词原形;用the best way 来表示题干中的“最好的方法”;learn可用于表示“学习”,同时此处的learn需用不定式做后置定语。综上,故填①Reflect on;②the best way to learn。
40、妈妈会拿出一两个硬币到一旁。我们几个都紧张地看着。
Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: watch with anxious interest
考查固定短语。表示“紧张地看着”用固定短语watch with anxious interest;由would 可知其后动词用原形;故填①watch;②with;③anxious;④interest。
语法填空
41、The little boy was curious about everything around him, and his parents always satisfied his ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curiosity
考查名词。句意:这个小男孩对他周围的一切事物都很好奇,他的父母总是满足他的好奇心。his为形容词性物主代词,后面需接名词,curiosity好奇心,是不可数名词。故填curiosity.
42、The heart ___________________(compare) to a pump. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:is compared
考查动词时态和语态。句意:心脏被比喻为一个泵。此处是句子谓语动词,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语heart和compare之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is compared。
43、Upset and ________(annoy), I decided to walk on foot. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:annoyed
考查形容词。句意:心烦意乱,我决定步行。依据空前的Upset and可知应填形容词的形式,结合句意此处表示“感到烦恼的”,应用-ed形式的形容词annoyed,Upset and annoyed为形容词短语作状语,表示主语的状态。故填annoyed。
44、The people looked at the strange boy ______(curious). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curiously
考查副词。句意:人们好奇地看着这个奇怪的男孩。修饰动词look应用副词curiously,作状语。故填curiously。
45、Out of ______(curious), the man followed the guide into the hall. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curiosity
考查名词。句意:出于好奇,那人跟着导游走进了大厅。Out of后跟名词,curious的名词为curiosity,意为“好奇心”,是不可数名词,out of curiosity为固定短语,意为“出于好奇”,故填curiosity。
46、She was ________(annoy) to discover that her husband had taken her car keys.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:annoyed
考查v+ed形式的形容词。句意:发现她的丈夫拿走了她的车钥匙,她很生气。根据句子结构可知,这里需要表语成分,用形容词,“annoy”有两个形容词形式,v+ed形式的形容词修饰人,v+ing形式的形容词修饰物。这里修饰人,故填annoyed。
47、I looked up and noticed a snake ___________(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
答案:winding
考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬头一看,看见一条蛇蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。分析句子结构可知wind在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语snake构成主动关系,表示动作正在进行,故应用现在分词作宾补。故填winding。
48、Tennis players need total ____(concentrate) during play. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:concentration
考查名词。句意:网球运动员在比赛中需要全神贯注。根据句意及空前need可知,此处使用名词做need的宾语,concentration表示“专心”时,为不可数名词。故填concentration。
49、I decided to concentrate my efforts _______ finding a good job. (用适当的词填空)
答案:on
考查介词。句意:我决定集中我的努力找到一份好工作。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语concentrate...on...“把……集中于”。故填on。
50、The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that
考查表语从句。句意:传统观点认为,我们睡觉是因为我们的大脑“编程”让我们这样做。根据句子结构,设空处后句意完整,故应用连接代词that引导表语从句。故填that。
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