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代词一、考点、热点总结知识点1．人称代词和it的用法知识点2．物主代词和指示代词的用法知识点3．反身代词的用法代词：是用来代替名词的词。它是英语语法结构中的一个重要词类，也是测试的重点内容之一。常见考点有：人称代词的主宾格及其句法功能；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区别；指示代词的用法；反身代词的用法及其语法功能；不定代词的用法；例1：人称代词和it的用法人称代词指表示“你，我，他”等人称的代词，它有单复数，性别及主格与宾格的变化。人称代词主格在句中充当主语，人称代词宾格在句中应放在动词或介词后充当宾语；人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称 I we 第二人称 you you you 第三人称 he him they them she it it 1、人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。（1）单数人称并列作主语时，其顺序为：“你，她（他），我”。但承认错误的时候将I或We置于最前面。 You, she and I all enjoy music. 我，你和她都喜欢音乐。 I and he are wrong. 我和他都错了。（2）复数人称并列作主语时，其顺序为：“我们，你们，他们”。 We, you and they should return on time. 我们，你们和他们应该按时回来。 2、人称代词的宾格在句子中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。 My parents like her very much. 我父母非常喜欢她。 What’s wrong with him? 他怎么了？练习：Look at the photo. The girl beside _______ is Nancy. A.I B. my C.me D. mine It的用法 1、人称代词it通常指事物，也可指不知性别的人或婴儿。 --Where’s tea grown? 什么地方种植茶？ --It’s grown in the southeast of China. 中国东南部种植。 The baby is crying. It might be hungry. 那个婴儿在哭，它可能是饿了。 2、it 还可以指天气，时间，距离等。 It’s very cold today. 今天非常冷。 It’s ten o’clock now. 现在是10点钟。 3、It还有一些特别的用法（1）用作形式主语，常用于“It’s+形容词（+for/of sb.）+to do”句型中。 It’s very important for us to learn English well. （2）用作形式宾语，用来代替动词不定式或从句，常用在动词make, find等后。 I found it hard to fly a kite. 练习：_______ is impolite to cut in line when you are waiting for a bus. A.This B. That C.It D. Which 例2：物主代词和指示代词的用法物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。其各种形式如下表类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词 my your His Her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours His Hers its ours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，而名词性物主代词后面则不接名词. I like my pen. I don’t like hers. 练习： —Is that _______ dog? —No, ________ is white. A . his ; His B. Her ; Its C. he ; his D. her ; Her 指示代词是用来指示人或事物的代词，主要有this, that, these, those等。在句中做主语，表语，宾语。 1. this, these 指时间或空间上较近的人或事物；that, those指较远的人或事物。 This is a map of China and that is a map of the world. 2. that, those指代上文提到的人或事物；this, these指代下文将要叙述的人或事物。 Those are the books which may be useful to you. 3. 用来询问敲门的人是谁。 Who’s that / it? 练习：She had a cold yesterday. ________ is why she didn’t come to work. A. This B. Those C.These D. That 例3：反身代词的用法反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词。它由第一人称，第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称宾格，加上-self或-selves构成。人称单数复数第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 Himself Herself itself themselves 1、反身代词在句中一般用作宾语，同位语，不可单独做主语，也可作并列主语的后一部分。反身代词作宾语时常用在enjoy, teach, help, buy, wash, look after等动词及一些介词后。 The children teach themselves English. 2、常用于固定搭配中 enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 learn...by oneself 自学 dress oneself 穿衣 help oneself to 随便吃 by oneself 独自 for oneself 亲自练习：1.Each of the students is going to have________ examined before graduation. A.he B.him C.himself D. His 2. I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed ________ at the party. A. myself B.himself C. herself D. themselves 补充：（一） few, a few, little 和a little (1) few和 a few 用来修饰或代替可数名词，其中a few 表示肯定，“有一点”，few表示否定，“几乎没有”。 A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150. （2） little和a little则用来修饰或代替不可数名词，其中a little 表示肯定，“有一点”；little表示否定，“几乎没有”。 There is a little time left. Hurry up! Bob couldn’t buy the dictionary because he had little money on him. (3) a little 可修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级。 That is a little expensive. Your work is a little more than mine. （二）another, other(s) 和 the other(s) (1) another可单独使用，泛指三者或三者以上的“另一个”，也可修饰单数可数名词，还可后接“大于一的基数词+复数名词”。 There are three pens on the desk. One is red, another is yellow, the third is black. Some players will stay in Canada for another seven days. (2) other可单独使用但必须与the连用，表示”两者或部分中的另一个或部分”，也可修饰名词。The other可用来表示“两个人或物中的另一个”，含有特指的意味。 One of my brothers is named Tony, the other is John. (3) others相当于“other+名词复数”，表示“另外的一些...（并非全部）”，单独使用；the others相当于“the other+名词复数”，单独使用，特指另外的全部人或物。 Some of them are red; others are brown. Twenty of the class are boys, the others are girls. 二、典型例题例（一） 1. My parents can’t go to see the film tonight because _____ are busy. A.him B. them C. they D. he 2. Sally is a cute and lovely girl.We all like _____. A. she B. her C. hers D.his 3. Most young people find _______ exciting to watch a football match. A. it B. this C. that D. one 4. ---Mom, I want to ask my grandpa a question. ---Oh! _______ is reading a newspaper upstairs. A. He B. His C. Him D. Himself 5.---Is this Sam’s bike or yours? ---It’s my bike, not _______. A. yours B. him C. his D. he 6. Sorry. _______ made you angry. A.John and I B. I and John C.Me and John D.John and we 7.we like Mr Green because he often tells _______ funny stories in class. A.we B.us C. our D. ours 8.I’m go skating. Would you like to go with _______ ? A. me B. I C. my D. mine 9.---I haven’t got a digital camera. ---I think you should buy _______. It’s useful for you. A. one B. this C. that D. it 10.This isn’t my dictionary. I left _______ at home. A. my B. mine C. I D. Me 例（二） 1. _____ police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don’t. A. No B. Some C.Many D.All 2.This is a very old song, so _________young people know it. A. few B.little C. a few D. a little 3.There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take _________ if you want to. A. few B. a few C. a little D.little 4. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us ___________ time to go to Pudong International Airport. A. a few B.fewer C. a little D.less 5.In order to keep healthy, you should eat_______ fast food, _______ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A. fewer / fewer B. less / more C. fewer / more D. less / less 6.Can we do our work better with _________money and ______ people? A. less / few B. less / fewer C. little / fewer D.few / less 7.There’s no _____ way to do it. A.other B.the other C.another D others 8.Some people like to rest in their free time.______ like to travel. A.Other B.The others C.Others D.Another 9.This cake is delicious! Can I have_______ piece, please? A.other B.another C.others D.the other 10.There were three books on my table.One is here. Where are ___? A.others B.the others C.the other D.another 三、课后练习（一）选择题 1.They come from different ______ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys 2. How many ______ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato 3.There are_____ birds in that big tree. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of 4.I like to eat cake with ______. A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys 5. Though it rained heavily, ____ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. Themselves 6. Tom and ____ will go to see our teacher, for ___ is ill. A. I; she. B. me; she C. I; her D. me; her 7. Students are usually interested in sports: some like running, some like swimming,and _____ like ball games. A.the others B.others C.the other D.other 8. There are twenty-eight students in the class.Ten of them are girls and _____ are boys. A.the other B.the others C.others D.other （二）用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The ___________ are playing football now. (child) 2. There are some ______________ (goose)in the river. 3. I have two pens. One is red, ________________ is black. (other) 4. There are a lot of people in the park. Some are walking, some are looking at the flowers, some are boating, _____________ are running. (other) 5.Those shoes are a_________big for me. (less)

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