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(名师选题)2023年人教版人教版高中英语必修一WelcomeUnit基础知识题库
单选题
1、He listened carefully as if he could ________ his mother’s footsteps from the crowd.
A.determineB.reactC.exploreD.distinguish
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他仔细听着,好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine决定;B.react作出反应;C.explore探索;D.distinguish分辨。由“his mother’s footsteps from the crowd”可知,句子表示“他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”,空格处意为“分辨”。故选D。
2、The little boy bought his mother a gift on Mother’s day.
A.SVIODOB.SPC.SVOD.SVA
答案:A
考查句子结构。句意:小男孩在母亲节给妈妈买了一个礼物。The little boy作主语(S),bought作谓语(V), his mother作间接宾语(IO),a gift作直接宾语(DO),on Mother’s day作时间状语,因此该句为SVIODO结构。故选A。
3、He waited________ for spring.
A.anxiouslyB.anxiousC.anxietyD.anxieties
答案:A
考查副词。句意:他焦急地等待春天的到来。A. anxiously副词,焦急地;B. anxious形容词,焦急的;C. anxiety名词,焦虑;D. anxieties名词(anxiety的复数)担心;害怕。修饰动词wait应用副词anxiously,作状语。故选A。
4、The sentence structure(结构)of “Mr. Wu teaches us English.”is________
A.S+V+DO+OCB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+OD.S+V+P
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:吴老师教我们英语。在本句中,Mr. Wu 是主语;teaches是谓语动词;us是间接宾语;English是直接宾语,因此本句属于S+V+IO+DO(主谓宾宾),故选B。
5、The soldier’s bag is full of medals. 划线部分是什么短语?
A.NPB.AdjPC.AdvPD.VP
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:士兵的包里装满了奖章。The soldier’s bag 为主语,is为系动词,all of medals为形容词短语(AdjP)作表语。故选B。
6、All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer, ________ to know his secret.
A.curiousB.enviousC.cautiousD.generous
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况,想知道他的秘密。A. curious好奇的,渴望知道的;B. envious嫉妒的;C. cautious谨慎的;D. generous慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知,所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选A。
7、Last week, the government started a programme_______ to help people who had been out of work for a long time.
A.designedB.to designC.designingD.to be designed
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:上周,政府启动了一个旨在帮助长期失业的人的项目。本句主语是the government,谓语动词是started,本句无连接词连接,所以空处design应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语program构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
8、I have created these sentences to give you a chance to________ the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty.
A.selectB.replaceC.exploreD.decorate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我创造了这些句子,给你一个机会去探索英语词汇世界和它隐藏的魅力。A. select挑选;B. replace代替;C. explore探索;D. decorate装饰。根据后文the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty可知,此处指“探索”。故选C项。
9、He noticed a man enter the room.
A.SVOOB.SOAC.SVAD.SVOC
答案:D
考查句子结构。句意:他注意到一个人进了房间。句中主语为He,谓语动词为noticed,宾语为a man,enter the room为宾语补足语。所以本句为主谓宾补结构。故选D。
10、Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually ________paper money for almost every purchase.
A.exchangeB.reduceC.replaceD.substitute
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:信贷行业的许多人预计,信用卡最终将在几乎所有消费中取代纸币。A. exchange交换;B. reduce减少;C. replace取代;D. substitute用……来取代。根据“Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually”可知,此处是指信贷行业的人预计信用卡会取代纸币,用replace符合题意;而substitute意为“用……来取代”,接宾语paper money时意为“用纸币来取代……”不符合题意。故选C。
11、______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ______ out of life.
A.Seeing; frightenedB.Seeing; frighteningC.Seen; frightenedD.To see; frightening
答案:A
考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:看到那条大蛇,小女孩站在树下吓得要命。第一空句中逻辑主语the little girl与see之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。第二空用形容词作状语,主语是人,所以用修饰人的-ed形式frightened,-ing形式frightening说明物的性质和状态。故选A。
12、With his attention________on his book, he noticed nothing.
A.concentratedB.concentrateC.concentratingD.to concentrate
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:他全神贯注地看书,什么也没注意到。本题考查with的复合结构,介词with后宾语his attention与concentrate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。
13、This year’s Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou, whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin.句子中的主语是:
A.this yearB.Nobel PrizeC.physiologyD.medicine
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖被授予屠呦呦,她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。分析可知,句中涉及一个whose引导的非限制性定语从句,因此句子主语应在主句部分找;主句中:主语为Nobel Prize,This year’s和for physiology or medicine分别作为Nobel Prize的前置定语和后置定语;谓语为has been awarded to ;宾语为Tu Youyou。故选B。
14、You are not to take photos in the museum without ______.
A.occasionB.contributionC.impressionD.permission
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:未经允许,你不能在博物馆里拍照。A. occasion场合;B. contribution贡献:C. impression印象;D. permission同意,许可。根据句意,此处考查介词短语without permission,意为“未经许可”,作状语。故选D项。
15、My father on me the value of hard work, teaching me to be an honest worker.
A.leftB.entertainedC.whisperedD.impressed
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我父亲让我铭记努力工作的价值,教我做一个诚实的工人。A. left 离开;B. entertained 使娱乐;C. whispered 低声说;D. impressed 使印象深刻。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。impress on sb sth为固定短语,意为“使某人牢记;使某人铭记”,符合句意。故选D项。
16、The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is ______
A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+DO+OCD.S+V+P
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:“他借给我一本书”的句子结构是……He是主语,lent是谓语,me是间接宾语,a book是直接宾语,因此句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选B。
17、The man never rides a bike.
A.SVB.SVAC.SVPD.SVO
答案:D
考查基本句型。句意:这个人从不骑自行车。The man是主语,never是状语,rides是谓语动词,a bike是宾语。由此可知,本句属于“主谓宾”句型。故选D。
18、As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure.
A.turns outB.leads toC.results fromD.concentrates on
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们都知道,成功在于努力,而懒惰导致失败。A. turns out结果是;B. leads to导致;C. results from由于;D. concentrates on集中精力于。根据前后文语境“success lies in hard work while laziness _______failure”可知,懒惰导致失败,应用lead to。故选B。
19、When entering the office, ____.
A.Roger was found sitting at a deskB.we found Roger seated at a desk
C.Roger was found sat at a deskD.it was we who found Roger seat at a desk
答案:B
考查句子结构。句意:当我们进入办公室时,发现罗杰坐在一张桌子旁。分析句子和句意可知,本句为状语从句的省略,主从句的主语都为we,还原后为:When we were entering the office,we found Roger seated at a desk。故选B项。
小提示:
20、He reasoned that evolution seemed to proceed not by ________ but by chance and fate.
A.designB.rarityC.natureD.transformation
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他推断,进化似乎不是通过设计,而是偶然和命运。A. design设计; B. rarity稀少;C. nature自然;D. transformation转换。根据后面的by chance and fate以及but表示转折可知,前面说的是进化不是设计好的。故选A项。
21、She feels very ________ because her son doesn’t listen to her.
A.annoyingB.annoyedC.annoyD.annoied
答案:B
考查形容词。句意:她感到很恼火,因为她儿子不听她的话。作表语,修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词annoyed,表示“感到恼怒的”;annoying用于修饰物,表示“令人生气的”;annoy为动词,表示“使生气”。故选B。
22、In the near future, there ________ self-driving cars in our city.
A.isB.wasC.areD.will be
答案:D
考查一般将来时。句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将有自动驾驶汽车。根据In the near future可知用there be句型的一般将来时,其构成是there will be,故选D。
23、Young people show a _______ for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.
A.companyB.preferenceC.experienceD.selection
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:年轻人更喜欢更大的朋友群,更亲密,更陪伴。A. company陪伴;B. preference偏爱;C. experience经验;D. selection挑选。preference for对……的偏爱。根据“for larger friend groups, more intimacy and companionship.”可知,年轻人更偏爱更大的朋友群。故选B。
24、She is so __________ a woman that she is certain of her views.
A.familiarB.ordinaryC.significantD.confident
答案:D
考查形容词。句意:她是一个非常自信的女人,确信自己的观点。A. familiar熟悉的; B. ordinary普通的; C. significant重要的; D. confident自信的。根据句中的“she is certain of her views.(她确信自己的观点)”可知,她一定是个自信的女人。故选D项。
25、If you want to stay healthy, you must ________ junk food.
A.take care ofB.pay attention to
C.stay away fromD.look forward to
答案:C
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:如果你想保持健康,你必须远离垃圾食品。A. take care of照顾;B. pay attention to注意;C. stay away from远离;D. look forward to期望。根据“If you want to stay healthy,”可知,想保持健康必须远离垃圾食品。故选C。
26、Do you feel ______ when going into the wilderness alone?
A.frighteningB.frightenC.frightenedD.to frighten
答案:C
考查形容词。句意:你独自一人进入荒野时,你会感到害怕吗?系动词feel后需接形容词作表语,排除选项B和D;主语是人you,所以此处需用ed形容词frightened“害怕的”作表语。故选C。
27、The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Gansu.” is ________.
A.S+V+OB.S+V+P
C.S+V +IO+ DOD.S+V +DO+ OC
答案:A
考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,I是主语,enjoy是谓语,“living in Gansu”是动名词短语作宾语,因此句子结构是主谓宾结构,即S+V+O。故选A。
28、The ________ look on his face suggested that he was scared of the ________ sharks.
A.frightened; frighteningB.frightening; frightening
C.frightened; frightenedD.frightening; frightened
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他脸上惊恐的表情表明他害怕那些可怕的鲨鱼。根据句意可知,第一个空表示“他害怕的表情”,修饰人时,常使用-ed结尾形容词,所以第一空填入frightened(感到害怕的);第二个空表示“可怕的鲨鱼”,修饰物,常使用-ing结尾形容词,所以第二个空填入frightening(可怕的)。故选A。
29、He was accused of stealing money from her but it was________.
A.pulling its weightB.in its own right
C.to tick all the right boxesD.the other way round
答案:D
考查短语。句意:他被控告偷了她的钱,但是正好相反。A. pull its weight 做好分内事,尽责;B. in its own right 凭借自身,靠自己;C. to tick all the right boxes 满足所有的要求,符合所有的标准;D. the other way round 反过来,反之亦然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查短语做表语。考查the other way round 表示“反过来”的意思。故选D。
30、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute ________ in his father.
A.campaignB.cautionC.confidenceD.collection
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助,他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动;B. caution谨慎;C. confidence自信;D. collection收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可知,汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心,have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。故选C。
完成句子
31、我期待着期末考试取得好成绩。
I am___________________________________________ good grades in the final exam.
答案:looking forward to getting
考查固定短语。表达:期待着,英语用look forward to ,其中 to是介词;根据空格前的 am可知要用现在进行时。故空格处填looking forward to getting。
32、Although she had only met the old man once, he had________ ________great first________on her.
虽然她和那老人只见过一面,可却在她心上留下了深刻的第一印象。
答案: made/left a impression
考查过去完成时,固定短语。根据前句可知,此处表示的是过去的过去发生的事情,因此需要使用过去完成时,had+动词过去分词。“给某人留下深刻的印象”为make/leave an impression on sb.。故填①made/left;②a;③impression。
33、我需要制定可行的计划。
I need to make a ________.
答案:workable/practical plan
考查形容词和名词。表示“可行的”可用形容词 workable/practical,在此作定语;表示“计划”用名词plan,故填workable/practical plan。
34、If I’m not in class, I’m ________________.
如果我没在上课,那么我要么是在图书馆要么是在计算机实验室。
答案:either in the library or in the computer lab.
考查固定搭配。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“要么是在图书馆要么是在计算机实验室”,“要么……要么……”是either...or...,“在图书馆”是in the library,“在计算机实验室”是in the computer lab,因此空格处是either in the library or in the computer lab。故填either in the library or in the computer lab.
35、不要管这个男孩,他自己能做决定。
____ ____the boy; he can make up his own mind.
答案: Leave alone
考查固定短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是固定短语leave alone“不打扰,不干涉,不管,不理”,本句为祈使句,应使用动词原形开头,句首首字母大写。故填①Leave;②alone。
36、对即将到来的高中生活感到兴奋、焦虑,还是有点好奇?
Are you excited, ________ or a little ________________ the coming senior high school life?
答案: anxious curious about
考查形容词。根据第一空前的excited(adj.)和空后的or可知,第一空和第二空都应填与excited并列的形容词形式,因此“焦虑”译为:anxious,“好奇”译为curious,“对于”应用介词about,与curious构成固定短语“be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇”。故第一空填anxious,第二空填curious about。
37、要是她发现你把她的书弄丢了会怎么样呢?
________ ________ she finds out that you’ve lost her book?
答案: What if
考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知,空格处是“要是……会怎么样”,是固定短语what if,位于句首,首字母大写,故填 What;if。
38、一句多译
尽管汤姆缺乏信心,但他尽一切努力,最终梦想成真。
1 .Though ________ ________ , Tom made every effort to make his dream come true at last.
2 .In spite of ________ ________ ________ , Tom made every effort to make his dream come true at last.
答案: lacking confidence lack of confidence
考查非谓语动词和短语。第一个句子:表示“缺乏”可用及物动词lack,后跟不可数名词confidence“信心”作宾语;分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词和though构成让步状语,lack和Tom之间为逻辑主动关系,故用现在分词。第二个句子:位于介词短语in spite of后可用名词词组lack of作宾语,其后跟不可数名词confidence“信心”作宾语。综上,故填lacking;confidence;lack;of;confidence。
小提示:
39、但我的担心是多余的。我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。
But I was wrong. I didn’t feel ______ and ______ at all.
答案: awkward frightened
考查形容词。结合句意表示“尴尬的”可知应填形容词awkward;表示“害怕的”应用-ed结尾形容词frightened,均作表语。故填①awkward;②frightened。
40、最后,我想问关于他私人生活的几个问题,那一定很有趣。
________, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.
答案:Finally##At last##In the end
考查副词和介词短语。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填副词或介词短语,在句中作状语。结合句意“最后”,可使用副词finally或at last,亦可使用介词短语in the end,此处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Finally或At last或In the end。
语法填空
41、Tennis players need total ____(concentrate) during play. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:concentration
考查名词。句意:网球运动员在比赛中需要全神贯注。根据句意及空前need可知,此处使用名词做need的宾语,concentration表示“专心”时,为不可数名词。故填concentration。
42、I don’t want to give the________(impress) that I’m running away from the charges. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:impression
考查名词。句意:我不想给别人留下我在逃避指控的印象。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,impress的名词形式为impression。故填impression。
43、She doesn’t talk to me but she _________(lecture) me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:lectures
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她不跟我说话,却教训我。but前后时态一致,由doesn’t可知,空格处时态用一般现在时,主语she是第三人称单数,因此空格处用第三人称单数lectures。故填lectures。
44、I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had money. (补全句子)
答案:what
考查名词性从句。句意:我想自己创业,那是我有钱后要做的事。此处引导表语从句,且在从句中作do的宾语,指物,意为“……的事情”。故用what。
45、Out of ______(curious), the man followed the guide into the hall. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:curiosity
考查名词。句意:出于好奇,那人跟着导游走进了大厅。Out of后跟名词,curious的名词为curiosity,意为“好奇心”,是不可数名词,out of curiosity为固定短语,意为“出于好奇”,故填curiosity。
46、In my opinion, neither my friend nor my classmates ______(be)as positive as Tom. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:are
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在我看来,无论我的朋友还是我的同班同学们都不像汤姆那么积极。根据句意,该句叙述的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时态。neither...nor...连接并列主语,谓语动词用就近原则,因此,该空应和my classmates保持一致。classmates是复数,根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词应用are。故填are。
47、I looked up and noticed a snake ___________(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
答案:winding
考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬头一看,看见一条蛇蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。分析句子结构可知wind在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语snake构成主动关系,表示动作正在进行,故应用现在分词作宾补。故填winding。
48、People wanted to know who this talented ________(design) was. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:designer
考查名词。句意:人们想知道这位天才设计师是谁。分析句子,设空处应该使用名词作主语。design为动词,意为“设计”,其名词为designer,意为“设计者”,此处表示特指,故使用单数。故填designer。
49、Every athlete is _____________(compete) for his/her country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:competing
考查动词。句意:每个运动员都在为自己的国家比赛。compete“比赛”为动词,根据空格前的助动词is可知,此处需要用现在分词competing与之一起构成现在进行时。故填competing。
50、_________(impress) by the speech, she made up her mind to work even harder in future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:Impressed
考查非谓语动词。句意:她被演讲打动了,下定决心今后要更加努力工作。分析句子可知,逗号前为句子的状语,短语:be impressed by“被……打动”,句中主语she与动词impress为动宾关系,所以此处用过去分词,因处于句首,所以首字母大写。故填Impressed。
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