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20xx年人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration(二十三)
1
单选题
1、My friend Martin is very sick with a strange fever; ________, he can neither eat nor sleep.
A.as a resultB.after allC.howeverD.otherwise
答案:A
考查短语和副词辨析。句意:我的朋友Martin由于奇怪的发烧而病得很厉害;因此,他既不能吃也不能睡。A. as a result因此;B. after all毕竟;C. however然而;D. otherwise否则。分析句子可知,分号前后两句之间存在因果关系,“as a result因此”符合句意。故选A。
2、Come to Dolly wood ________learning all about America’s historical southeastern culture !
A.have funB.to have funC.having funD.had fun
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:来多利伍德快乐地学习所有关于美国东南部的历史文化吧!句中已有谓语动词come且无连词,故空处应用非谓语动词;结合句意,表目的应用不定式。故选B。
3、She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.
A.popped upB.carried onC.set outD.turned over
答案:A
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当她哥哥突然出现在门口时,她感到非常惊讶,她已经多年没见到他了。A. popped up突然出现;B. carried on 继续;C. set out出发;D. turned over反复考虑。根据空后的“whom she hadn’t seen for years”可知她已经好多年没见到她的哥哥了,说明她惊讶的原因就是又见到她哥哥了。故选A。
4、The branch of olive is the ________ of peace.
A.symbolB.signC.signalD.mark
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:橄榄枝是和平的象征。A. symbol象征;B. sign招牌,迹象;C. signal信号;D. mark符号,记号。结合常识可知,橄榄枝是和平的象征,symbol符合题意。故选A。
5、Thousands of soldiers are working to ________ food and blankets to the victims.
A.diagnoseB.distributeC.dismissD.transform
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:数千名士兵正在为灾民分发食物和毯子。A. diagnose诊断; B.distribute分发; C.dismiss解散; D.transform转换。根据句意“给灾民食物和毯子”可知,士兵们在“分发”这些东西,故选B。
6、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n) ________ for doing nothing.
A.argumentB.resourceC.performanceD.authority
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理由; B.resource资源;C. performance表演;D. authority当权者。根据“for doing nothing. ”可知,不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。故选A项。
小提示:
7、People often wonder why historians go to so much trouble ________ millions of books, documents and records of the past.
A.preservingB.to be preservedC.to preserveD.preserved
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:人们常常想知道,为什么历史学家要费那么大的劲来保存数百万本过去的书籍、文献和记录。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语,且preserve和主语historians之间为逻辑主动关系,用不定式的一般式即可。故选C。
小提示:
8、The jokes told by Tom made us ________, so the teacher couldn’t make himself ________.
A.to laugh; hearingB.laugh; heardC.laughing; hearD.laughed; heard
答案:B
考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆讲的笑话让我们笑了起来,所以老师没能让人听清他的话。分析句子可知,空一作宾语补足语,make是使役动词,接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,表示“让某人做某事”,空二作宾语补足语,与宾语himself是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动,综上,故选B。
小提示:
9、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the ______ for watching television, which makes TV a decoration of the house.
A.analysisB.appetiteC.incidentD.appreciation
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着智能手机的普及,人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣,这使得电视成为了家里的一种装饰。A. analysis分析;B. appetite兴趣,欲望;C. incident事件;D. appreciation欣赏。根据“which makes TV a decoration of the house”可知,人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣,appetite符合题意。故选B。
10、We think _______ no use ________ with him.
A.it; arguingB.it; to argueC.that; arguingD.that; to argue
答案:A
考查it用法和固定句型。句意:我们认为和他争辩没有用。分析句子可知,第一空用it作形式宾语,结合宾语补足语no use可知,第二空用动名词形式作真正的宾语,it’s no use doing sth是固定句型。故选A项。
11、In our company, we are not allowed________ while we are working.
A.talkingB.talkedC.to talkD.being talked
答案:C
考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们公司,我们工作时不允许说话。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,这里用其被动形式sb. be allowed to do sth.。故选C。
12、Angela Merkel started a non profit program ______ classroom activities, field trips and community projects ______ budding (崭露头角的) scientists.
A.offering; to inspireB.offering; inspiring
C.to offer; to inspireD.to offer; inspiring
答案:A
考查非谓语动词。句意:Angela Merkel开始创办公益项目,提供室内活动,实地旅行以及社区项目来激发这些未来的科学家们。分析句子可知,started是谓语,空处1与started之间无连词连接,故空处1用动词非谓语形式,由语意可知,空处1应填动词offer的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰program,应填offering。而空处2同样也是要用动词的非谓语形式,结合语意可知,空处2考查的是动词不定式做目的状语,说明Angela Merkel创办公益项目的目的,应填to inspire。故选A项。
13、I am disappointed at hearing the bad news, so I am in no________ today to go to the movies with you.
A.mindB.urgeC.moodD.desire
答案:C
考查名词。句意:听到坏消息我很失望,所以今天没有心情和你一起全看电影。A. mind头脑,智慧;B. urge冲动;C. mood心情;D. desire欲望。根据“disappointed(失望的)”可知,说话者并不想去看电影。in no mood是固定短语,意为“没有心情”,故选C项。
14、The handful of foreign coins is often not _______ to buy much from the duty-free shop.
A.exceptionalB.sufficientC.fascinatedD.complicated
答案:B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:少量的外币往往不足以从免税商店购买很多。A. exceptional例外的; B. sufficient 足够的;C. fascinated着迷的; D. complicated复杂的。根据空前not及句中“buy much from the duty-free shop”可知,外币不足以买许多的东西,故选B。
15、The doctor tells Jack_________ stop_________ because it is bad for his health.
A.not to; smokingB.not; to smokeC.to; to smokeD.to; smoking
答案:D
考查动词短语辨析。句意:医生吩咐杰克戒烟,因为这对他的健康有害。tell sb to do sth意为“吩咐某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。stop to do sth意为“停下来去做另一件事”,stop doing sth 意为“停止正在做的事”。由语意可知,因为抽烟危害健康,医生才建议Jack不要再抽烟了,说明Jack原来是抽烟的,需停止抽烟的动作,故选stop doing sth。医生因为抽烟危害健康而吩咐Jack不要停止抽烟,因果相矛盾,排除A项。故选D项。
小提示:
16、Lindsay wanted ________ a chance to improve her spoken English.
A.there wasB.there to beC.there beingD.there is
答案:B
考查there be非限定形式。句意:Lindsay想要一个提高口语的机会。want to do 想要做某事,用there to be形式作宾语,故选B。
17、_____, the train started.
A.The signal givenB.Giving the signalC.The signal being givenD.The signal giving
答案:A
考查独立主格结构。句意:信号发出后,火车开动了。分析可知,空处为独立主格结构,其结构形式为“逻辑主语+非谓语动词”,做时间状语,signal和give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。故选A项。
18、Lucy rushed to the school, only that it was Saturday.
A.findingB.found
C.to findD.having found
答案:C
考查不定式作状语。句意:露西匆忙赶去学校,却发现是周六。本句为only to do 作结果状语,表示出乎意料的的结果,故选C。
小提示:不定式和现在分词作结果状语。
现在分词作结果状语时一般只能单独使用,通常位于句末,前有逗号隔开。有时为了突出结果,可在现在分词前加副词thus,意为“因而,因此”。往往表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果。例句:
①Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.
②By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,making it the largest city in the USA.
动词不定式单独作结果状语,通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果,有时为了强调这种意外的结果,可在不定式前加only, 意为“却…,只…”,在这种情况下,不定式的逻辑主语也可能是全句的主语。例句:
①After two days we finally arrived at the small village, only to be told that the old man had passed away.
②Yesterday a beggar bought a lottery ticket, to make him a millionaire overnight.
本题为出乎意料的结果,故用不定式作结果状语。
19、—Ms Griffin, what should we do__________stupid mistakes in the coming exams?
—Be more careful.
A.avoid makeB.avoiding making
C.avoid makingD.to avoid making
答案:D
考查非谓语动词。句意:——Griffin老师,我们应该做些什么来避免在即将到来的考试中犯愚蠢的错误呢?——更加谨慎。分析句子可知已有谓语动词should do,avoid作非谓语,根据句意可知,此处表目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语,avoid后接动名词作宾语,故选D。
20、—Could you lend me some of your paper?
—Sorry. Mine is ________.
A.using upB.running out
C.running throughD.giving out
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:—你能借我些钱吗?—对不起,我的纸也要没了。A. using up用光;B. running out用光;C. running through快速穿越,迅速传播;D. giving out分发。根据“sorry”可知,不能借给他了。use up为及物短语,要接宾语,因此不合适;run out为可单独使用的短语,不接宾语。故选B。
完成句子
21、我帮助了一位被路上树枝绊倒的老妇人。
I helped an old lady who ____________ by a fallen branch on the road.
答案:tripped over
考查短语。trip over绊倒,根据主句时态可知,用一般过去时。根据句意,故填tripped over。
22、当窗户打开时,一股冷风进来了。
A _______ ________of air came in when the window was opened.
答案: cold current
考查形容词和名词。分析句子结合句意可知,此处应用固定短语a current of“一股……”,形容词cold作current的定语,故填①cold②current。
23、_________, everyone needs much practice of listening and reading. (master)
为了掌握好一门外语,人人都需要大量的听读训练。
答案:To master a foreign language well
考查不定式,名词,形容词和副词。根据中英文提示,空格处缺少“为了掌握好一门外语”,分析句子可知,用不定式形式作目的状语,master“掌握”,foreign language“外语”,language“语言”是可数名词,此处泛指“一门外语”,用不定冠词a,well“好”,副词作状语,故填To master a foreign language well。
小提示:
24、Most people ________ a lot of knowledge.
大多数人渴求很多的知识。
答案:desire for
考查时态和固定短语。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,根据句意“渴求”可知,空格处应用固定短语“desire for”,意为“渴望,渴求”,句子主语people为集合名词,故desire用原形。故填desire for。
25、我想跟您约个时间谈谈。
I would like to ________________ you.
答案:make an appointment to talk with
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。根据中英文提示,空处缺少“跟……约个时间谈谈”,make an appointment to do sth.“约定做某事”,用不定式作目的状语,talk with“与某人谈谈”,would like to do sth.“想要做某事”是固定短语,to是不定式符号,故填make an appointment to talk with。
26、他们就发行这本新书开了一次特别的聚会。
They held a special party ________
答案:to launch the new book
考查不定式和短语。根据中英文提示,空处缺少“就发行这本新书”,译为launch the new book,分析可知,作目的状语用不定式形式,故填to launch the new book。
27、I ____________ to a famous university.
我很想上一所名牌大学。
答案:desire to go
考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意:我很想上一所名牌大学。desire to do sth.为固定用法,意为“想要做某事”,go to university意为“上大学”。此处陈述客观事实,需用一般现在时,主语是I,谓语动词使用原形desire,to go为动词不定式作宾语。故填desire to go。
28、我们学校上周发起了一项反食物浪费运动,以帮助提高学生对食物浪费及其带来的后果的认识。
Our school launched an anti-food waste campaign last week___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ of food waste and the consequences it brings.
答案: to help raise students’ awareness
考查目的状语和固定短语。“发起反食物浪费活动”的目的是“提高学生的认识”,所以用不定式to do结构做目的状语。“提高……的认识”用固定短语raise one’s awareness of表示。“学生们的认识”用students’ awareness表示,help后接不带to不定式作宾语。故填to help raise students’ awareness。
29、赛场上的失利教会他要更加努力地训练,绝不放弃。
Losing games taught him to ______ and never ______.
答案: practise harder give up
考查动词短语。分析句子,设空处应该填写动词短语与空前的to构成不定式结构。空一和空二构成并列结构。表示“更加努力训练”用practise harder;表示“放弃”用give up。故答案为practise harder;give up。
30、你必须提醒他吃药,以免他忘了。
You must remind him ________ his medicine,in case he forgets.
答案:to take
考查非谓语动词。take medicine意为“吃药”,结合remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”可知应填take的不定式形式。故填to take。
语法填空
31、Next month the city will build a new park ________(honour) those who died in the terrible disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to honour
考查动词不定式。句意:下个月,该市将建造一座新公园,以纪念在这场可怕的灾难中死去的人。honour用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to honour。
32、(2022年全国乙卷)________(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ________(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案: To strengthen inviting
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动该包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。分析句子可知,included是谓语动词,与动词strengthen之间无连词,故空格处1应填动词的非谓语形式,再结合句意“为了加强与年轻人的联系”可知,空格处1应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。同理,空格处2前面的句子的谓语动词是included,与动词invite之间无连词连接,因此空格处2应填动词invite的非谓语形式,而逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填①To strengthen②inviting。
33、We trust you; only you can persuade him _________ (come). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to come
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们信任你;只有你能说服他来。persuade sb. to do sth. 意为“说服某人做某事”,应用to do作宾语补足语。故填to come。
34、Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _______ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to find
考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究人员希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
35、She determined _____(work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to work
考查动词不定式。句意:她决定加倍努力工作,以弥补失去的时间。determine to do sth.决定做某事,固定搭配,所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to work。
36、Peter said he would treat me to a film, but with lots of homework ________(do), I refused his offer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to do
考查非谓语动词。句意:彼得说要请我看电影,但是有许多作业要做,我拒绝了他的提议。分析句子结构可知,with lots of homework ________ (do)为with复合结构,所以空格处应用非谓语动词作宾补。结合句意,作业是将要做的,故用不定式表将来,且to do的逻辑主语为并but连接并列句的主语I,故用主动形式。故填to do。
37、I have determined _____working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation. (用适当的词填空)
答案:on##upon
考查介词。句意:我已决定毕业后到农村支教。determine on/upon (doing) sth为固定搭配,意为“决定(做)某事”。故填on。
38、In recent years, our government has been always appealing to everyone _______ (save) water. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to save
考查非谓语动词。句意:近年来,我们的政府一直在呼吁大家节约用水。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语appeal to sb. to do sth.“呼吁某人做某事”。故填to save。
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