江苏高考英语试题及答案解析.doc

-教育精选-绝密启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）（英语）（满分：120分钟，考试时间：120分）注 意 事 项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。1. 本试卷共14页，包含选择题(第1题第70题，共70题)、非选择题(第71题第81题，共11题)两部分。本卷满分为120分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置上。3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。4. 作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 20 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是 C。1. Where does this conversation take place?A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.2. What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.4. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A. She might want a ticket.B. She is looking for the man.C. She has an extra ticket.第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How long did James run his business?A. 10 years. B. 13years. C. 15 years.7. How does the woman feel about James situation?A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What has Kates mother decided to do?A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.9. What did Kates mother study at college?A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.10. What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision?A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the man doing?A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Conducting a job interview.12. What benefits Mary most in her job?A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders guidance. C. Her friends help13. Who will Mary talk about next?A. Her teacher. B. Her father C. Her mother.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Why does the man seldom do exercise?A. He lacks motivation.B. He has a heart problem.C. He works all the time.15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A. Hes an athlete.B. Hes a researcher.C. Hes a journalist.16. Why does the woman speak of a study?A. To encourage the man.B. To recommend an exercise.C. To support her findings.17. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A. 300 minutes.B. 150 minute.C. 75 minutes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What did the scientists do to the road?A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it19. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?A. Its warm.B. Its brown.C. Its smooth.20. What is the purpose of the scientists experiment?A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.B. To help students study the birds well.C. To prevent the birds from being killed.第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever答案是B。21. We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.D. which A. what C. when D. that22. The musician along with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months.A. gives B has given C. have given D. give23. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case24. More wind power stations will _ to meet the demand for clean energy.A. take up B. clear up C. hold up D. spring up25. Scientists have obtained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. what B. that C. which D. where26. Nowadays the _ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priority B. potential C proportion D. pension27. Favorable policies are _ to encourage employees professional development.A. in effect B. in command C. in turn D. in shape28. Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight29. A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith _ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell30. _ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy31. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had32. Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized33. They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ mans intelligence and creativity.A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring35.Lets take a coffee break. _ We ve been working for hours.A. Why bother? B. What for? C. You got me there. D. You said it.第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are 36 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 37 the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 38 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 39 since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 40 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 41 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 42 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 43 to live with male cranes, and even had a 44 for killing some of them, which made it 45 for her to become a mother.46 , the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 47 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This 48 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 49 , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 50 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 51 , not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we 52 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 53 : human beings took it for granted that their 54 held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 55 .36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D. decline51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题; 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。56. If you want to take an undergounld journey, which place is the best choice?A. Poles Caven. B. Pavilion Gardens.C. Buxton Museum. D. Green Man Gallery.57. Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers _.A. rides in small trainsB. courses in modcm artsC. artistic and cultural activitiesD. basic courses in horse ridingBIn the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before：he couldnt find the parks volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature thats what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldnt find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is，however，a second les known type of volcano that doesnt involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldnt find the caldera anywhere.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park-2.2 million acreswas caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles acrossmuch too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?A. Its complicated geographical features.B. Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.C. The mysterious history of the park.D. The exact location of the volcano.59. What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about?A. The shapes of volcanoes.B. The impacts of volcanoes.C. The activities of volcanoes.D. The heights of volcanoes.60. What does the underlined word blow-up in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Hot-air balloon. B. Digital camera.C. Big photograph. D. Birds view.CWho cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of peoples opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so yesterday that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in post-industrial society has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the digital divide between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved peoples lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a borderless world. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.61. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to _.A. a lack of confidence in technologyB a slow progress in technologyC. a conflict of public opinionsD. a waste of limited resources62. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should _.A. take peoples essential needs into accountB. make their programmes attractive to peopleC. ensure that each child gets financial supportD provide more affordable internet facilities63. What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B. Believing that the world has become borderless.C. Ignoring the power of economic development.D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.64. What can we learn from the passage?A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.DThe 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimers(阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lov