新目标英语七年级上册语法知识总结与练习.doc

新目标英语七年级上册语法知识总结与练习 一代词 (pron.)第一人称单数第二人称单数和复数第三人称单数（三单）第一人称复数第三人称复数人称代词我你 / 你们他她它我们他们主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem物主代词我的你的/ 你们的他的她的它的我们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsourtheir (一) 翻译成英语： 1我是_ 2.我父母_ 3你可以_ 4.你的xx号码_5. 谢谢你_6. 他有_ 7.他的姓氏_ 8. 听他说_ 9. 她喜欢它。_ 10.她全家照_ 11.帮助她_ 12. 它吃_ 13.它名字_14.看见它_ 15.我们想要_ 16.我们最喜爱的水果_ 17.加入我们_ 18. 他们唱歌_ 19.他们旧电脑_20.画出它们_ (二) 选词填空： 1. Whats _ name? (you / your ) _ name is Bob. ( My / I / me) 2. _ erasers are in _drawer. (her / she / Her / She) 3. Can _(you / your ) do _ (you / your ) homework? 4. _ is a cat. _ name is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its ) 5. _ brother can speak Japanese. (Hes / His / He ) 6. Please take _ keys to school. _ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them ) 7. _ is thirteen years old. _ birthday is March 1st. (He / His / Him) 8. _ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she / Her / She) 9. Can you help _ ?( we / us / our) Please take _ to school. ( they / their / them) 10. _ cant see _baseball. Its behind _.( My / I / me / my ) （三）完成句子： 1. A: Whats this / that ?B: _ is a dresser. A: How do you spell _ , please ?B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R. 2. A: What are these / those ?B: _ are tomatoes. 3. A: Does Cindy like salad?B: No, _doesnt. 4. A: How much are his shoes?B: _ are 100 dollars. 5. A: Is Alan your friend?B: Yes, _ is. 6. A: Do you have a soccer ball? B: Yes, _ do. 7. A: Who is that girl?B: _ is Jacks sister. 8. This is David and this is Tim. _ are our friends. We often help _ . 9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes _. 10. The pants are nice. Ill take _. 二. 名词的格： (1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格： a)单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt b)以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bags c)不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes d）并列名词中，如果把 s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车 e）要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加s Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of 名词”来表示所有关系：如: a picture of the classroom a map of China 翻译: 1. 汤姆的背包_ 2. 我朋友的生日聚会_ 3. 他们父母亲的房间_ 4. 露西和莉莉家的书橱_ 5. 一张吉姆家的全家照_ 6. 一幅中国地图_ 7.一本英语字典_ 三冠词 1. 种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card /an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /an e-mail / an address /an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport /an action movie / an art lesson / （2）定冠词：the the egg the plane 2. 用法: 定冠词的用法： （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new. （3）谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school. （4）在序数词前： Johns birthday is February the second. （5）用于固定词组中： in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况：新 课 标 第一网 （1）专有名词前：China is a big country. （2）名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball. （3）复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers. （4）在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. （5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30. （6）球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well. （7）学科名称前：My favorite subject is music. （8）在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li （9）固定词组中：at noon at night by bus Exercises: 一填空：（在有必要的地方填上冠词，不填的划 “/ ”） 1. Whats this? Its _ clock 2. Whats that? Its _ alarm clock. 3. What is it? Its _ w. 4. What color is the jacket? Its _ orange. Its _ orange jacket. 5.Jims mother is _ Mrs Green. She is _ teacher. 6. Those pens are in _ pencil case.7. Heres _ interesting family photo. 8.When does Lily go to _ bed in _ evening? 9. _ “h”, _ “o” and _ “w” are in the word “how”. 10.Where is _ bag? Its under _ table. 11.I often go to _ school at _ 7:00. 12.Take _ things to _ your brother. 13. Do you want to see _ action movie? No, I want to play _chess. 14.Whens his sisters birthday? Its _ April _ eleventh. 15.Does Bill like _hamburgers? No, he doesnt. 16. A: Lets play _ soccer. B: I dont have _ soccer ball. A: Well, lets play _ drums. B: That sounds good. 17. Do you have _ Art Festival at your school? Yes, we do. 18. When do people usually eat _ breakfast? They usually eat _ it in _ evening. 19. Rick often goes to see _ Beijing Opera _ weekends. 20. Can Tom play _ piano? Yes, he can.Can he play _ it well? No, he cant. 时态复习 一、一般现在时 1、Be 动词的一般现在时 动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。 它有三种形式：am, is , are。I跟am，you跟are，is连着he，she，it。单数is，复数are。 I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two. You are a good boy. 2、 实义动词的一般现在时 一个动作经常反复地发生，就用一般现在时。 第三人称单数(he, she , it, Tom等)作主语，谓语动词要加 或 , 但当句中出现does, doesnt要用原型其它人称用原型。如： They get up at six oclock. He goes to school at seven- thirty . 附：动词第三人称单数的构成规则xkb1. 1）一般情况下加s getgets like-likes 2）以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es: watch-watches go-goes do-does 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i，加es carry-carrie 特殊： have-has 二、情态动词can 情态动词(can, may, must )后动词用原形。如： I can play the guitar. He can play the violin. 注意：play chess中间不加the 三、几个动词的用法： 1、let后用动词原形 Lets play soccer. 2、like及介词后动词用ing形式， 如：be good at swimming, help kids with singing, like playing basketball, What about playing tennis? 3、want加 to 再加原形 4、help +人+动词原形 help+人+with sth /doing sth. 5、Like/love to +动词原形 ； like/love +动词ing ; like/love + sth(直接跟名词). Exercises: 二、完成句子。 1.I _ (know) the boy. 2. They _(go) to work on Saturdays. 3.He usually _(e) to school early. 4.I often _(have) rice, meat and vegetables. 5.My grandfather _(play) sports in the park. 6.Miss Li _(teach) English in our school. 7.The students of Class Four _(sing) a song on Monday. 8.Alicia and Jerry _ (do) homework after school. 9.We _(take) a shower in the evening. 10. Her sister _(have) Chinese every day. 11_ you _( have) a soccer ball 12 Mary _ (not e) from America. She _(e) from Britain. 13 I _ ( not ,like) playing puter games. 14_Tom and his brother _(study) in Beijing? 15. _ Your brother _(have) a son? 三 动词填空。 1、Who helps you _(look) after your daughter at home? 2、The child is good at _(play) chess. 3、What about _(go) to the shop? 5 Bob likes _(watch) TV. 6 Can you help kids with _(swim)? 7 Lets _( sing) an English song. 8 I want _(join) the soccer club. 10 John often helps his mother_(do) the housework. 11 . Who _ ( teach ) English in your school ? 12 . May I _(know) your address? 13 . _(be) you twelve? 15 . Her mother is good at _ ( make ) cakes . 17 .Who _(be) your English teacher?. 18 . My father _ ( go ) to bed at 10:00 every evening . 19.He alway_(help)her mother, 20.Lily and Tom _(do)their home work at 7:00 everyday. 21. _your mother _(have) a baseball bat? 22._Jim and Tom _(like) hamburgers? 23. What kind of movies _your grandfather _(want) to see? 24. Where _(be) the two volleyballs? 25. That _ (be ) is his family photo. 27. He can _(do) Chinese Kung fu. 28. What time _Mr. Brown _(take) a shower? 29. Mrs Jones _(watch) TV on weekends. 30. _(be) your sisters in the bedroom? 句型复习 句型结构 1、肯定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+ I am Lynn. 主语+can+动词原形+ She can play the trumpet. 动词原形 I like to listen to music. 主语+ +其他 动词第三人称单形式 She likes to play the guitar very much. 2、否定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+not+ I am not 14. 主语+cant+动词原形+ They cant swim. 主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形+ My sister doesnt play sports. 3、一般问句1be(am/is/are)+主语+？ Are you Lin? Yes,+主语+ be No,+主语+be not. 2Can+主语+动词原形+？ Can you paint? Yes,主语+can No,主语+cant 3Do/Does+主语+动词原形+？ Do you want to join the dancing club ? Yes,主语+do/does No,主语+dont/doesnt 4、特殊疑问句： 主要句型： （1）What is your /her / his name ? My /His name is （2）Where is the baseball ? it is in the backpack. （3）Where are your books? They are on the chair. （4）How much is the red sweater ? it is 3 $. （5）How much are these pants? They are 18 dollars. （6）When is your birthday ? My birthday is May 11th. （7）When is Lucys birthday ? Her birthday is （8）What kind of movies do you like ? I like action movies and edies. （9）What time do you usually get up ? I usually get up at 6:00. （10）What time does she get home ? She gets home at 5:30.(home , here , there 前不加to) （11）What is your favorite subject ? (12)This big red hat is 1 dollar.(注意形容词的位置: 大小长短+ 颜色) III、将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答： 1、My names Bob. _ 2、Im his uncle. _ 3、Our shirts are too long. . _ 4、My friend gets up at five oclock. _ 5、Lucy and Lily like sports. . _ 6、Jerrys teacher can play chess. _ 7、Alicia is my aunt. . _ 8、She wants to see Beijing Opera. _ V、句型转换：划线提问（熟悉下课文中的主要句型） 1、Peter is 12 years old. . _ 2、The backpacks are black. _ 3、Scott likes history. _ 4、They have vegetables for lunch. _ 5、She can play chess and sing. _ 6、Its nine oclock. _ 7、We go to bed at ten oclock. . _ 10、Her basketball is 5 dollars. . _ 11、Daves favorite food is ice cream. _ 12、He likes documentaries. _ 14、They are fine. _ 15、Nick wants to join the swimming club. _ 16、Rick Smith is my favorite actor. _17、Her favorite subject is science. _18Mike and Jack like math because its interesting._19、My mothers favorite color is blue._20、We go to school in the morning._21、I think theyre interesting. (改否定句). _22、Its December.30th.today. _21 School starts at 7:30._22We have milk , eggs and meat for dinner. _6. 句型综合练习(一） 1. Mr Wang is his favorite teacher. (对划线部分提问)_ _ his favorite teacher? 2. Her favorite subject is music. (对划线部分提问)_ _ her favorite subject? 3. We have science on Tuesday and Thursday. (对划线部分提问) _ do _ _ science? 4. When do you go to bed every night? (改为同义句) _ _ do you go to bed every night? 5. This subject is interesting. (改为同义句)This _ _ _ subject. 6. The girls like music because its exciting.(对划线部分提问) _ _ the girls like music?（二）1. My birthday is October 11th.