外研版高中英语必修1重要知识点归纳.doc

语法要求： 一时态 1. 现在时中的两个体态，一般现在时和现在进行时。 1）一般现在时 A 构成（动词的变化） 主语是第一，二或者复数的时候用动词的原形。 主语为单数第三人称的时候，动词加s 或者es（以原音结尾）。辅音+y时把y变成I 再es. B 用法4种 1 描述经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与usually, often, always, every day, sometimes, once a month, never, on Mondays等时间状语连用。 2 描述普遍真理和客观存在的事实。 3 描述现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态。 4 描述计划、安排好的将来动作。常用于转移动词：go, come, arrive ,leave, start, begin 等 2)现在进行时。现在进行时常和时间状语连用;now, right now, at this moment, at present 等。 a 构成：be+现在分词即：am/is/are+doing b 用法4种 1 表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 2 表示现阶段某动作正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行。 3 表示将要发生的动作，常和动词go, come, leave, start, arrive等连用。 4 表示抱怨、厌倦、赞叹等感情色彩。与always, constantly, continually, forever, usually 等副词 连用。 二：-ed分词, -ing分词做定语和表语的区别 Module 2 重点短语： on time 按时make sure 确保，保证 fall a sleep 睡觉make progress 取得进步 at present 目前do well in 擅长 take a look 看一看do ones best 尽力 make notes 做笔记in fact 事实上 be true of 对适用as a result 结果 wave ones hands about / around 挥手result in 导致，造成 result from 源于 first impression 第一印象 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事 admint doing sth. 承认做某事practise doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事imagine doing 想像做某事 用法经典例词 ed-分词描述人bored, embarrassed, disappointed, interested, amazed, tired, excited, ing-分词描述物boring, embarrassing, disappointing, intresting, amazing, tiring, exciting, have problem / trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 have problem / trouble / difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 I would appreciate it if . 我很感激如果 be patient with sb.对某人有耐心be patient of sth. 对某事有耐心 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事consider . as / to be 把看作 prefer sth. 喜欢某事prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B prefer to do A rather than do B喜欢做而不喜欢做 would rather do A rather do B 喜欢做而不喜欢做 Would do A rather than do B 喜欢做而不喜欢做 would rather sb. did/ had done 宁愿某人去做 重点句型 1.Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think Ill do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me. with Mrs Chen teaching me 通常被称为with 的复合结构。在句子中多做状语。with 的复 合结构： with + 宾语+ V-ing (宾语与动词是主动关系) With the old man leading the way, I can easily find his house. with + 宾语+ V-ed (宾语与动词是被动关系) With the work finished, I can now watch TV. with + 宾语+ to do (动作还未发生) With a lot of work to do, I have to stay up tonight. 2.She is kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly taht even I can understand it. 形容词+a / an + 名词（可数名词单数） So + many /few + 名词（可数名词复数）+ that much / little + 名词（不可数名词） 表示“如此以致于” a / an + 形容词+ 名词（可数名词单数） Such + 形容词+ 名词（可数名词复数）+ that 形容词+ 名词（不可数名词） 语法要求： 1、有些动词后面只能跟动词的ing形式。如hate, admit, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, imagine, consider, practise. Module 3 重点短语： be short for 是的缩写be short of 缺乏 in the 1990s/ 1990s 在20世纪90年代 more than 超过 more than + 数词：超过 more than + 名词：不仅仅,不只是 more than+ 形容词/ 副词：非常 out of date 过时的，不流行的up to date 时尚的，流行的 at a speed of 以的速度reach a speed of达到的速度 attend the opening ceremony出席开幕式all the time 一直，总是 play with 与玩from . to.从到 supply sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物supply sth. to sb. 把某物提供给某人 provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物provide sth for sb.把某物提供给某人 offer sb. sth. 提供某人某物offer sth. to sb.把某物给某人 offer sb. sth. for. 为提供某人某物 allow sb. to do 同意某人做某事allow doing sth.同意做某事 allow sb. Sth.同意某人某事refer to 查阅，涉及到 be used to do 被用来做某事be / get used to doing/ n. 习惯于 used to do 过去常常be used as 被用作 be used to for 被用来做某事 重点句型 And what a ride! 一次多么美妙的旅行啊！ 感叹句的基本结构 What 引导的感叹句： What a/an + 形容词+ 名词（单数可数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！ What + 形容词+ 名词（复数可数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！ What + 形容词+ 名词（不可数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！ How 引导的感叹句： How + 形容词/ 副词+ a/an 名词（单数可数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语! How + 形容词/ 副词+ 主语+ 谓语! How +主语+ 谓语! e.g. How dangerous the fish is! How lovely a boy he is! How time flies! 光阴似箭！ 语法要求： 一：动词的过去分词作表语和定语 二：一般过去时用法：基本用法在初中已经总结过，在此补充一些常与一般过去 时连用的时间状语。如：recently, during the day, one night, a long time ago, until the 1920s, for many years等。 Module 4 重点短语： by the seacide 在海滨on the coast 在海边 put up 建起，搭起；张贴business district 商业区 shopping malls 购物中心walk around 四处走走 go up （价格等）上涨make money挣钱 figth to survive 费力求生pay back 偿还 feel / be fortunate (in) doing sth / to do sth. 感到幸运做某事 bother sb. with/ about sth. 因某事烦扰某人 3. “the+比较级+the+比较级”结构，表示“越, 就越”的意思。 4. 在形容词比较级前可用：a little, a bit, a lot, rather, no, any, (very) much, far, even, still, yet等副词来修饰。 Module 6 重点短语： click on 点击log on /off 登录/退出 consist of 由组成consist in 在于 consist with 与一致as well 也 be/ become known as 作为而出名in ones opinion 在某人看来 go down 下降come up with 提出 in that case 如果那样communicate with 与交流 concentrate on 聚精会神 compared with 与相比 from that moment on 从那一刻起point out 指出 take out 去掉，省略instead of 代替，而不是 agree with 同意work as 作为 at the moment 此时此刻for the moment 暂时the moment + 从句一就 重点单词： contain / include 两个词都有“包含，含有”的意思。用法区别 （1）contain V. 作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内。前后名词一般不同 类。How much does this bottle contain? (2) include V. 侧重于作为整体的一部分而被包含进去。前后名词一般 为同类的人或物。The book includes a revision module. including/ included including prep. 常用句型：including + 名词/ 代词 included adj. 常用句型：名词/ 代词+ included Access n.接近，进入，通路，接近（或进入）的方法（或权利) 固定结构：have access to . 有使用或见到的机会或权利 e.g. We have access to the clean drinking water. 重点句型： 1. feel / think / make it + 形容词+ (for sb.) to do 感觉/ 认为/ 使某事对某人来说（容易困难 等） 2. Barners-Lee bulit his first computer while he was at university using an old television! 本句中，using an old television 是动词的-ing形式充当方式状语。 3. 语法要求： 1. 合成词 2. 现在分词短语作状语