研究生英语综合教程.ppt

2UNIT 2ART OF THE TABLE2ObjectivesofUnit2To understand culinary delights in China（中国美食）in Reading Focus.To introduce some Chinese dishes and tell the stories about their names.To understand French cuisines kwzi:n 美食and the factors that caused the decline of French cuisine in Reading More.To translate attributive clauses(2).To grasp some important words and phrases,including the ones of Chinese dietary culture.3Chinese cuisine（中国美食）originated from various regions of China and has become widespread in many parts of the worldhas become widespread in many parts of the world.There are great cultural differences among the different regions of China,giving rise to the different styles of food.Traditionally,there are eight main regional cuisines or EightCuisines(八大菜系）coming from Anhui（徽）,Guangdong(粤）,Fujian（闽）,Hunan（湘）,Jiangsu（苏）,Shandong（鲁）,Sichuan（川）and Zhejiang（浙）provinces.Take Sichuan cuisine as an example,we use many spices（调味品）,for example,Chinese prickly ash seeds(花椒）and chili pepper/powder（辣椒粉）to make dishes very spicy（香辣的）and flavorful.Starting outStarting out4Chinese spices调味品调味品CookingwineVinegarSoysauceChilipepper/powderPricklyashseedSesamesesmioil料酒料酒醋醋酱油酱油辣椒粉辣椒粉花椒花椒香油香油5Chinese cooking methodsboilsteamfryfryfrystew（文火炖）（文火炖）braise（炖，焖）（炖，焖）simmer（慢慢煮，煨）（慢慢煮，煨）煮煮蒸蒸煎煎炒炒炸炸炖炖6Chinese cooking methodsbraise,stew,simmer的区别：的区别：braise炖，用于大块食材，炖，用于大块食材，液体不完全液体不完全cover。例如：例如：红烧蹄膀红烧蹄膀/肘子肘子braisedtendontendnwithbrownsaucestew文火炖，跟文火炖，跟braise接近，接近，食材小，液体全食材小，液体全cover。例如：例如：红烧肉红烧肉stewedporkwithbrownsaucesimmer煨煨1.慢慢地沸腾，使（液体）的温度维持在沸点或稍低于沸点的温度慢慢地沸腾，使（液体）的温度维持在沸点或稍低于沸点的温度;2.用在熬汤，就是用汤在煮食材，把食材的味道熬进汤里。用在熬汤，就是用汤在煮食材，把食材的味道熬进汤里。7烧饼烧饼Clayovenrolls/sesameseedcakeTraditional Chinese Food8油条油条FriedbreadstickTraditional Chinese Food9豆浆豆浆SoybeanmilkTraditional Chinese Food10臭豆腐臭豆腐Stinky（smelly）tofuTraditional Chinese Food11火锅火锅HotpotTraditional Chinese Food12皮蛋皮蛋lime-preservedegg/Chinesepreservedegg/preservedduckeggTraditional Chinese Food13饺子饺子boileddumpling包子包子steameddumplingTraditional Chinese Food14 How is it prepared?Procedure:The correct order?A.Roll dough into round pieces of wrappingB.Boil,steam,fryC.Knead dough d（揉面）D.Wrap fillings upE.Put meat or eggs,vegetables and spices togetherOrder:C-E-A-D-B15CulinaryDelightsinChinaReading FocusReading Focus16Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding2LocalChinesecuisines3Everydishhasastory4Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood(Paras.2-5)(Paras.6-11)(Paras.12-15)Introduction(Para.1):popularity17Group Discussion and ReportG1-paras.2&3G2-paras.4&5G3-paras.6&7G4-para.8G5-para.9G6-paras.10&11G7-paras.12-14G8-para.15Task1:summarizethemainideaofeachparagraph.Task2:explainatleast2keywordsandexpressionsforeachparagraph.Task3:translateorparaphrase2longanddifficultsentences.18LocalChinesecuisinesSichuan cuisine:A._B._C.the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili pepper Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingdeliciousyeteconomicalfamousforitsspicyandhotfood19 Guangdong cuisine:A.with its _ _ _B.famous for _ _C._Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understandingowncharacteristicsthathasexertedafar-reachinginfluenceonotherpartsofChinaandtheworlditsseafoodaswellasforitsoriginalityandrefinedcookingprocessesofferingvarioussoupsLocalChinesecuisines20Zhejiang cuisine:A._B._Reading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandinglightandexquisitewiththerefreshingflavorsofnatureLocalChinesecuisines21驴打滚儿驴打滚儿GlutinousRiceRollsStuffedwithRedBeanPaste（红豆馅的糯米卷）（红豆馅的糯米卷）四喜丸子四喜丸子BraisedPorkBallsinGravy（肉汁焖丸子（肉汁焖丸子)麻婆豆腐麻婆豆腐MapoTofu(Stir-FriedTofuinHotSauce)(用辣酱煸炒的豆腐）用辣酱煸炒的豆腐）驴打滚儿 Rolling donkey(翻滚的毛驴)四喜丸子Four glad meatballs（四个高兴的肉团）麻婆豆腐 Bean curd made by a pock-marked woman（麻脸的女人做的豆腐)RightWrong2223EverydishhasastoryReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingGoubuli:A.Goubuli steamed buns _.B.They were _.Dongpo Meat:A._,a great poet of the Northern Song Dynasty.B._.firstsoldinTianjinabout150yearsagosopopularthattheownerhadnotimetoanswerhiscustomersThisdishwasnamedafterSuDongpoHerewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce24EverydishhasastoryReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingBuddhaJumpingovertheWall:A.This dish was created in the _.B.It is prepared _.C._.GatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou,Fujian,duringthereignofQingEmperorGuangxu.withmorethan20mainingredientsApoetwroteapoemforthedish25Warmth and hospitality expressed by foodReading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingEatinghabitshavenotchanged.A.The old and young _.B.Elders _.C.The hostess or host _.D.Every one_.sitinorderofseniorityselectfoodfortheyoungandtheyoungmaketoaststotheeldersapportionsthedishestotreatgueststakesintoconsiderationtheneedsofthegroup26Reading FocusReading Focus Global UnderstandingSpecialfoodforsocialfestivals:A._.B._.C._.JiaozifortheSpringFestivalYuanxiaofortheLanternFestivalZongziforDuanwuFestivalWarmth and hospitality expressed by food27Assignment1.Learntheimportantwordsandphrasesbyheart.2.FinishtheexercisesafterReadingFocus.3.ReadthepassageofReadingMorebyyourself.4.Groupwork:GetreadyfortheRole-playonP62.28A R _ Useful Expressions 1 Useful Expressions 2.以以.而闻名而闻名/驰名驰名3.区分区分be famous fordistinguish.from.exert an influence on.be typical of.6.可以得到可以得到have access to.7.闹笑话，出丑闹笑话，出丑 make a fool of oneself4.对对.产生影响产生影响1.被誉为被誉为.5.是是.的代表的代表be known as 29A R _ Useful Expressions 1 Useful Expressions 9.老字号老字号10.以以.的名字命名的名字命名time-cherished brand namebe named afterin charge of in the eyes of13.向向.敬酒敬酒make toasts to14.告别告别bid farewell to11.负责负责8.跟上跟上12.在在.看来看来keep up with 30Task 2Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext.(P43)Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed InformationKey1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-CDABDBBDAB31FinalProjectRole-play Suppose you are new to the city where you will be pursuing your masters degree.You go to a very famous local restaurant and ask the waiter or waitress to recommend some local specialties for you.Your partner will play the role of a waiter or waitress who tries to present as many details of the specialty to you as possible,ranging from the ingredients to the flavor.32WordsandExpressionsyoumayuse:clear,light,crisp,fresh,tender,soft,smooth,sweet,heavy,greasy油腻的,spicy,thick roast,stir-fry,sautsutei 用少量油煎（或炒）,deep-fry油炸,braise,stew,steam,simmer,fry,boil choice seafood,careful selection of ingredients,sauce and seasoning,natural flavor,artistic presentation,delicate carving technique What specialty would you recommend?I was wondering ifIm interested in knowing about the ingredients.How is it prepared?FinalProject33Model Role PlayA:Iamwonderingwhetherthereareanylocalspecialtiesinyourrestaurantornot?B:OurrestaurantspecializesinlocalspecialtiesandIdliketorecommendyouoneofthemostpopularspecialtieshere.A:Whatisit?B:DongpoMeat.A:Howisitprepared?Doesittastedifferent?B:Itispreparedoveraslowfirewherethebigchunksofporkarebraisedwithgreenonion大葱大葱,ginger,cookingwine,soysauce,andsugar.Thefinisheddishisbrightredincolorandthemeatistenderandjuicyandnotatallgreasy.34A:Soundsgorgeous.IsitnamedafterSuDongpo,agreatpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty?B:Right.WhenhewasinchargeofthedrainageworkfortheWestLake,herewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce,andpeoplelaternameditDongpoMeattocommemoratehim.A:OK,Illhaveone.Whatotherspecialtieswouldyouliketorecommendme?Model Role Play35Task1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.(P46)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-ABBCBABCAC36Task 21.budA.Ablossomdevelopsfroma _.B.Inthispoem,the _ flowermeansyouth.2.accessA.Theonly _tothatancientcastleisalongamuddytrack.B.Userscan _theirvoicemailremotely.3.tasteA.Themedicinehadaslightlybitter _.B.Therewasalotofhardworkbeforewefirst _success.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning.(P47)Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action bud(n.)budding(adj.)access(n.)access(v.)taste(n.)taste(v.)374.foolA.Katherinewasnobodys _whenitcametomoney.B.Itsnogood _yourself.Hesnotcomingback.5.produceA.Thefactory_anincredible100carsperhour.B.Weselltinnedgoodsandlocal _.6.garnishA.They _theroomwithmodernpaintings.B.Thechickenwasservedwith _ofparsleyandgreenonion.7.reignA.TheQueen _butdoesnotrule.B.Thekings _lastedfor30years.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action fool(n.)fooling(n.)produces(v.)produces(n.)garnish(v.)garnishes(n.)reigns(v.)reign(n.)388.concernA.Environmentalprotectionisagrowing_inChina.B.Helovedhiswife,and_forherhappiness.9.nameA.Thebuildingis_afterasuccessfulentrepreneur.B.CouldIcallyoubyyourfirst_?10.practiceA.Ive_playingthepianoforfiveyears.B.Itishis_totakeawalkafterdinnereveryevening.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action concern(n.)concerned(v.)named(v.)name(n.)practiced(v.)practice(n.)39Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehandCuisineinChinaisaharmonious1)_ofcolor,CuisineinChinaisaharmonious1)_ofcolor,taste,shapeandfragrance.Forthecookingprocess,chefspicktaste,shapeandfragrance.Forthecookingprocess,chefspick2)_andvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploy2)_andvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploytheunparalleledandcomplicatedskills3)_downfromtheunparalleledandcomplicatedskills3)_downfromtheirfathers,always4)_totheiridealofperfectionfortheirfathers,always4)_totheiridealofperfectionforallthesenses.Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareallthesenses.Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareboiling,stewing,braising,frying,5)boiling,stewing,braising,frying,5)_ _,crisping,crisping,baking,simmering.baking,simmering.integrationchoicehandedaspiringsteaming40Whentheyfinishtheir6)Whentheyfinishtheir6)_ _theyarearrangedontheyarearrangedonavarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyareareal7)avarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyareareal7)_ _ _toview,tosmellandultimatelytosavor.Thetoview,tosmellandultimatelytosavor.Thefacilityto8)facilityto8)_ofthesedelightsisalsodistinctive_ofthesedelightsisalsodistinctivechopsticks!Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchchopsticks!Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchdexterityisquite9)dexterityisquite9)_formanyforeigners.Theuse_formanyforeigners.TheuseoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandchopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodischopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodis10)10)_ _ _atthetable.atthetable.Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action masterpiecespleasurepartakeamazingpresentedmasterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand41ACuisineCrisisReading MoreReading More42Reading MoreReading More GlobalUnderstanding CriticalThinking LanguagePoints VocabularyinAction43Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal Understandingpiledhighingreengrocerscreativegeometricsoysterhare,venison,boarsmellandsavor44Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.Reading MoreGlobal Understandingdifferentandmarketablenutty,fruityimpudentFrancehaschefswhoareinterestedingoodproductsFrancestillhaspeasantagricultureaswellasfactoryfarms45Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingManyfruitsandvegetablesontheoutdoormarketareimportedfromforeigncountries.Gallictalent,tasteandtechniquehavebeenexportedallovertheworldandatthesametime,whatismediocre,cheapandpopularhasbeenimported.46Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingMoreandmorerestaurateurshavetocopewithredtape,nottomentionedictsfromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie.The“harmonized”value-addedtaxesbenefitfast-foodchainswhilepenalizingsit-downrestaurants.Strictlaborlawsrestricthiring,firingandtemp-work.Governmentregulations,forexample,CAP,favorquantityoverquality.47Critical ThinkingCritical ThinkingReading MoreReading More48Reading MoreCritical ThinkingRead the following sentences and decide whether you agree with the author or not.Work in groups to provide examples to support or argue against the authors points.1.GlobalizationispartlyresponsibleforthedeclineofFrenchcuisine.2.Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster.49 1.Meanwhile,what was mediocre elsewherealbeit cheap and popularhas been imported.(Para.4)mediocre:(adj.)not very goode.g.1)I thought the book was pretty mediocre.2)Hes a person of mediocre abilities.albeit:(conj.)although;even if;even though 尽管，即使；纵然 e.g.a peaceful,albeit brief retirement 虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活Reading More Reading More Language Point 502.From the Napa Valley to the Thames and Tokyo,non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine.(Para.4)Paraphrase:Cooks from other parts of the world have learned the highlights of the French cuisine.crack:(v.)to solve a complicated problem,or to find the answer to a mystery 解决(难题)；解开(秘密)e.g.Detectives believe they can crack the case.侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子。Reading More Reading More Language Point 513.They have become ensnared in the red tape for which France is infamous.(Para.5)ensnare:(v.)to entangle or catch in(or as if in)a mesh net e.g.Park rangers found three deer that had become ensnared in traps.公园管理员找到了3只被困在陷阱里的鹿。ensnared into a loveless relationship 受骗而陷入一种没有爱的关系之中infamous:well known for something bad e.g.an infamous criminal 臭名昭著的罪犯 Reading More Reading More Language Point 524.But the real paradox of French cookingin France,at leastis that artistic success often spells business disaster.(Para.7)paradox:situation or idea that is strange because it has features or qualities that you would not expect to exist together 自相矛盾的情况；似非而是的说法；悖论 e.g.the paradox of people with the best qualifications not being able to get jobs 高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事 spelltrouble/disaster/dangeretc:ifasituationoractionspellstroubleetc,itmakesyouexpecttroubleetc:e.g.1)The lack of rain could spell disaster for farmers.2)These changes spell ruin for the company.Reading More Reading More Language Point 535.If the French were under the same fiscal regime as the United States,wed be able to create twice as many jobs.(Para.8)regime:(n.)1)a particular system of government or management,especially one you disapprove ofe.g.military/totalitarian/fascist regime;brutal/oppressive/corrupt regime2)a particular system,used especially when talking about a previous system,or one that has just been introducede.g.Under the new regime,all sheep and cattle will be regularly tested for disease.Reading More Reading More Language Point 546.Manysmallfarmersandrestaurateursseemtobefightingarearguardactionjusttosurvive.(Para.11)fightingarearguardaction:tomakeadeterminedefforttopreventachangethatyouthinkisbad,althoughitseemstoolatetostopit e.g.1)They have been fighting a rearguard action to stop a supermarket being built on the land.2)He fought a stubborn rearguard action against political reform.Reading More Reading More Language Point 557.The problems afflicting French cuisine are emblematic of those that plague the economy as a whole.(Para.12)plague:(v.)to cause continual discomfort,suffering,or trouble to someone e.g.1)He has been plaguing me with silly questions.2)Financial problems continued to plague the company.Reading More