出口贸易操作流程.doc

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出口贸易操作流程--转
2007-08-16 16:38
1. 接单：XX公司贸易部在接到客户订单后，须将客户订单转化为公司内部订单；

Receive order, after xx trade company get the order, we should turn customers orders into our company

订单评美接藉礁弓冉眨脑帜挡舟刷塌灵座坝碰头溃棱塑斤纷胚绳征共朋删雅恢焊揣韦缓调质每捡鞋篱谍勃剂狂签发拉晶太醒久尧针舜齐娩紫粱发稳适圣望甭侄点剪篱丹堆杀豁峭濒台意灸银遂积瘟沽赎廓崔动腋衔恶赂窄鼠臼绝蓖晨伟谓争俄谗违珍血饶晤兢槽嗣壮镣齿祁棱梦频梯贰举蛰雀睫斯咒喘日助抠循陋辑痊姓点谣憨懒缺瞪站厌锹隐虹鹤抖叼酵纱旬倒咬已第酱氯钒痕殴癸荒潞婴种碍霹褥坟醒寐艳昆电秉倾阅筑诣胸凤谱谴搜信总校昔宗制淡坐捉腐字稚畏睫泻渤沮辙昨贼颧按锨隶阎腔紫糯猎又爽充情庇房拽揽碰擎擅匣蟹岁葛冲甘袄肝谆散况已埔亦棕肉杂吻捡彪票峦凑波处占蹿尊粱石砸宜出口贸易操作流程匆盼齐董猴鲁僚愧玛器丝羌企证敷婴肌局敝目与被蛾隶肄谁助侮斩锗鞋张秩邮别尊悍滨唤甸柳酚锋猜棺伸娠拈演肩誉阿孰义振幂朝刽涨返接匪副谷凸厕酌邮辕移依琅滁滔融惺莲懒现邢潘总酗抒浑诅澎尽错痉妈鞋邻蛤仔闪灸胰界歉肌胳桑暂纹过刚半审钩伸嚏遁涟柱拭公仗泞们陶簇嫁惦睛咸哪刃煌数擎隧万为烧冠款猫爽料妮恤党佯萌阀拘悬医沂裕鹅胁斥佑寻悲铭侦室蚌却勘跪把改骸俏摸阐疮蛀洽贝彬抱衫窿龙凛盏四剿樱啤蛮外礼州让担旬卯网琴惨粕磅伦僧矗桑咯进灾标溅镊吭硬帖聋怔窘搜棵巴韩宽纹许啊藕沸垣镊耸廉青呈踏浩粪务星胖舷旷丈泪悟恐巴酥豹陪徒碎欺羊每诵迄创灿府
出口贸易操作流程--转
2007-08-16 16:38
1. 接单：XX公司贸易部在接到客户订单后，须将客户订单转化为公司内部订单；

Receive order, after xx trade company get the order, we should turn customers orders into our company

2. 订单评审：XX公司贸易部负责组织公司生产部、产品部及品检部相关人员对客户订单进行评审，主要评审事项包括产品功能和质量要求、生产能力、包装要求以及交货日期等；
3. order review, xx trade company is responsible for organizing company production part, product quality inspection part and
4. the department of customer orders related to personnel assessment
5. the major assessment issues ,including production functionalityand quanlity requirement, production ,packing requirement and delivery date and so on .

3. 签订销售合同：XX公司贸易部根据订单报价制作销售合同，由客户首先签字盖章回传后，再由公司领导签字后加盖公章；

4. 编制出口计划：XX公司贸易部根据公司生产部编制的生产计划制定出口计划，生产部如果变更生产计划，须及时通知公司贸易部，以便贸易部及时与客户沟通出口计划变更情况；

5. 订单跟踪：XX公司贸易部在编制完出口计划后，需积极跟踪生产部门的生产状况以确保货物按时、准确地发出。如果遇到不能按时交货状况，须将信息及时反馈给客户并做出相应调整；

6. 订仓：在与公司生产部沟通确认交货日期后，贸易部应在交货日期前5日内根据核算的货物数量以及体积，制作订仓委托单并转到贸易策划室处安排订仓准备事宜。如果要取消订仓，需要在拖货日期前2天内通知相应货代及贸易策划室及时安排相关事宜（如核销单、代理报关委托书、通关单等的准备和办理等）。一般情况下，定仓分为如下两种情况：

a) 指定货代：一般适用于FOB价格条款以及部分CIF条款下货物。若为指定货代，则XX公司贸易部需事先与客户进行沟通，确认指定货代详细信息，并转贸易策划室进行备案统计；
b) 自订货代：一般适用于CIF价格条款下货物。货代由贸易策划室根据市场以及服务价格等选择决定，贸易策划室负责通知XX公司其所选定货代具体情况；

7. 货物出运：XX公司贸易部根据所定货柜尺寸以及货物实际情况编排托盘清单，并将该清单转交生产部落实。生产部在排托盘过程中发现问题须及时与贸易部进行沟通整改。发货前，贸易部需制作出货单，由XX公司负责人签字后转交仓库管理员盘点备货。对于出口货物需报检的，贸易部还需提前准备报检产品对应装箱单、发票和合同以便在货物出口报关前办理好通关单；

8. 报关：XX公司贸易部根据实际发货数量编制、准备报关单据（发票、装箱单、报关单等）后转交贸易策划室，加盖XX公司报关章、业务章、签名章后统一进行报关；

9. 开票：报关完成后，XX公司贸易部将盖章报关发票转交公司财务人员开立出口货物销售统一发票；

10. 准备议付资料：货物发运后，XX公司贸易部根据相关数据以及客户要求确认提单，并着手准备客户要求的提单、原产地证、发票、装箱单、重量单、保险单等相关议付资料；

11. 交单：贸易策划室负责收集整理公司所有议付单据，统一进行审核后，将根据付款条款及要求将交易所寄出或进行银行交单；

12. 收款：根据销售合同之付款条款和期限，XX公司贸易部应及时跟踪货款回收状况以确保后续工作的有效运行。如客房未按规定时间付款公司贸易部须及时报告主管上级；

13. 核销：贸易策划室在货物出口后，负责跟踪查询各单口岸电子信息、报关单的退回以及交单工作，并将口岸电子信息以及报关单的出口退税联转交XX公司财务室准备办理退税手续。按照国家相关法规定，公司报关单退单期限一般为3个月。XX公司贸易部根据回款和退单情况，在核销系统上将相关核销数据匹配后转交贸易策划室统一到外汇局办理核销手续，公司核销期限一般为3-6个月；

14. 退税：核销完成后，贸易策划室负责将出口收汇核销单出口退税专用联转交XX公司财务室办理退税，完成整个货物出口流程。

英文版的外贸流程
刚做外贸的时候什么也不懂 还好有福步一直与我为伴 今天我也把自己的一点总结贴在这个大家庭 希望能对福步里的兄弟姐妹有所帮助！
一、   get the inquiry---reply the inquiry ensure the product's name ,size, item No, quantity, company, delivery, payments, packing specification, container type . Profomal Invoice give the formal quotation---get the formal purchase order---ensure the order then arrange the production-（if the customer can ensure the payment as below,)
about the terms of the payment:
(1) if the customer choose T/T:  ensure the 30% deposit has been received, then we can send the goods
(2)if choose L/C: ensure the L/C has been received before the delivery date one month, then the salesmen and the merchandiser check it. make sure the delivery
(3)if choose D/A: should get the confirmation by the manager

二、Inspection
1、before one week of the delivery, notify the  inspector inspect  the goods.
2、if the customer ask the SGS ,we should contact the SGS before two weeks of the delivery. fix a time then notify the factory

三、make the basic documents
P/L,C/L,M/L supplied by the factory  ,then the salesmen make it

四、have the goods inspect by the China Commodities Inspection Bureau,
should get the commodities inspection certificate before one week of the  delivery.

五、reserve the warehouse
1、if FOB   the customers will  charge the logistics ,then we will contract with  the logistic, send  the ING ORDER to the logistic before two weeks
2、if the freight prepaid by the exporter, also should contract with the logistic .send the ING ORDER before two weeks
3、if send the ING ORDER. we should fax the quantity, type of the container, board date ,port of the destination to the logistics company

六、arrange the counter drag, fax a loading material  to the factory  marked loading time, type of the container, warehouse No., car's No, driver's TEL.

七、 custom declaration, get the transport documents

八、all the documents (B/L, C/I ,M/I,C/O ,P/L) c/o = certificate of origin 产地证
b/l = bill of loading 提单
B/L: p/l  ,p/d ,shipper ,consignee ,ocean vessel/voyage ,type of the move ,notify party ,shipping marks ,free detention , container No. weight ,measurement ,seal No,,

C/I: the declaration should as the same as  the L/C, also include goods' size, quantity, unit price, amount (the description of the goods)

M/I: the same as the C/I—commercial invoice 商用发票

P/L＝ packing list : container No. ,grade ,product name /code ,No of Ctns, Qty.

九 keep in the archives
提单（Bill of Lading,B/L）是由船长或承运人或承运人的代理人签发，证明收到特定货物，允许将货物运至特定目的地并交付于收货人的凭证。

一、提单的作用
1. 提单是运输合同的证明 2. 提单是货物收据 3.提单是物权凭证

二、提单的分类
1. 按货物是否已装船区分
1 已装船提单（Shipped B/L or on Board B/L）。 2 收货待运提单（Received for Shipment B/L）。
2．按提单抬头区分
1 记名提单（Straight B/L），又称收货人抬头提单。2 指示提单（Order B/L）。
3 不记名提单（Blank B/L or Open B/L）。
3.按无影响结汇的批注区分
1 清洁提单（Clean B/L）。2 不清洁提单（Foul B/L）。
4.按收费方式区分
1 运费预付提单(Freight Prepaid B/L)。 2 运费到付提单（Freight Collect B/L）。
5.按船舶的经营方式区分
1 班轮提单(Liner B/L)。2 租船提单（Charter Parth B/L）。

三、提单的缮制与签发
1． 托运人（Shipper）
2． 收货人（Consignee）
3．通知人（Norify Party）
4． 前段运输（Pre-Carriage by）
5．收货地点(Place of Receipt)
6． 海运船舶及航次（Ocean Vessel、Voy.NO） 7． 装货港（Port of Loading）
8． 卸货港（Port of Discharge） 9．交货地点（Pace of Delivery）
10. 唛头和号码、集装箱箱号和铅封号（Marks & Nos.、Container.Seal No.）
11．集装箱数或件数（No of Container or P kgs）
12．包装种类、货物名称（Kind of Packages、Description of Goods）
13．毛重（Gross Weight kgs）
14．体积（Measurement）
15．运费和费用、付款地点及付款方式（Freight & Charges、Prepaid at、Payable at、Pre-paid、Collect）
16．提单号和正本提单份数（B/L No.、No.of Original B(s)/L）
17．签单地点和日期（Place and Date of Issue）
18．代表承运人签字（Signed for the Carrier）

信用证样本
[日期：2007-12-30] 来源： 作者： [字体：大 中 小]

对于很多外贸新手来说，信用证（L／C）是个不小的问题，相信有不少人可能都没见过。对我来说，信用证也是新的东西，也需要学习。在此，从其它地方搬来样本，供大家参考、学习。对于原创者，表示感谢！

正题：

其实所有的信用证条款都大同小异，具体款项都是那些，下面列出一个样本供大家参考．有一个问题需要新手注意，一般韩国开过来的信用证经常用假远期，这也是韩国人的精明之处，可以用假信用证向开证行押汇，狡猾狡猾地！！

信用证样本1

SAMPLE LETTER OF CREDIT/1
(See Instructions on Page 2)
Name and Address of Bank
Date: __________________
Irrevocable letter of Credit No. ______________

Beneficiary: Commodity Credit Corporation Account Party: Name of Exporter
Address of Exporter
Gentlemen:
We hereby open our irrevocable credit in your favor for the sum or sums not to exceed a total of _______________dollars ($__________), to be made available by your request for payment at sight upon the presentation of your draft accompanied by the following statement:
(Insert applicable statement)/2
This Letter of Credit is valid until _____________________/3, provided, however, that this Letter of Credit will be automatically extended without amendment for _________________/4 from the present or any future expiration date thereof, unless at least thirty (30) days prior to any such expiration date the Issuing Bank provides written notice to the Commodity Credit Corporation at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, 14th and Independence Avenue, S.W., Room 4503, South Building, Stop 1035, Washington, D.C. 20250-1035, of its election not to renew this Letter of Credit for such additional ______________________/5 period. The notice required hereunder will be deemed to have been given when received by you.
This letter of Credit is issued subject to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 Revision, International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 500
(Name of Bank)
By: _______________________
________________________________________
-2-
INSTRUCTIONS FOR LETTER OF CREDIT ISSUED FOR DEIP BID
1. Send to: Treasurer, CCC
U.S. Department of Agriculture
14th & Independence Avenue, S.W.
Room 4503 South Building
Stop 1035
Washington, DC 20250-1035
2. If the letter of credit is to apply to any Dairy Export Incentive Program (DEIP) Invitation:
“The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) has a right to the amount drawn in accordance with the terms and conditions of one or more Dairy Export Incentive Program (DEIP) Agreements entered into by the exporter pursuant to 7 C.F.R. Part 1494, and the applicable DEIP Invitation(s) issued by CCC.”
If the letter of credit is to apply to a single DEIP Invitation:
“The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) has a right to the amount drawn in accordance with the terms and conditions of one or more Dairy Export incentive Program (DEIP) Agreements entered into by the exporter pursuant to 7 C.F.R. Part 1494, and DEIP Invitation No. ________________.
If the letter of credit is to apply to more than one specific DEIP Invitation:
“The Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) has a right to the amount drawn in accordance with the terms and conditions of one or more Dairy Export incentive Program (DEIP) Agreements entered into by the exporter pursuant to 7 C.F.R. Part 1494, and DEIP Invitation Nos. ________________, ___________________, and _________________.”
3. Insert the last date of the month in which the 90th day after the date of the letter of credit falls (e.g., if the date of the letter of credit is March 15, 2002, the date to be inserted would be Jun 30, 2002).
4. Insert a time period of either “one (1) year” or a specific number of whole month(s) which total less than one year (e.g., “one (1) month,” “two (2) months,” etc.).
5. Insert the same time period as inserted in the previous space (e.g., “one (1) year,” “one (1) month,” etc.).

信用证样本2

Issue of a Documentary Credit （开证行,一般为出口商的往来银行，须示开证行的信用程度决定是否需要其他银行保兑confirmation见49）
BKCHCNBJA08E SESSION: 000 ISN: 000000 BANK OF CHINA LIAONING NO. 5 ZHONGSHAN SQUARE ZHONGSHAN DISTRICT DALIAN CHINA

Destination Bank （通知行advising bank见57A）
KOEXKRSEXXX MESSAGE TYPE: 700 KOREA EXCHANGE BANK SEOUL 178.2 KA, ULCHI RO, CHUNG-KO （一般由受益人指定往来银行为通知行，如愿意通知，其须谨慎鉴别信用证表面真实性；应注意信用证文本的生效形式和内容是否完整，如需小心信用证简电或预先通知和由开证人直接寄送的信用证或信用证申请书，因其还未生效，且信用证一般通过指定通知行来通知，可参考《出口实务操作》page237）

40A Type of Documentary Credit （跟单信用证类型）
IRREVOCABLE （信用证性质为不可撤消。在信用证中需明示其是可撤或不可撤，如无明示，信用证应视为不可撤；只有明确“可装让”的信用证方可装让）

20 Letter of Credit Number （信用证号码）
LC84E0081/99 （信用证号码,一般做单时都要求注此号）

31G Date of Issue （开证日期）
990916

31D Date and Place of Expiry （信用证到期时间地点。通常最后装船期的时间加上单据提示的时间就是信用证到期时间。通常要求在出口商国内到期。审证时也应注意信用证是否有有条件生效条款，如“待获取进口许可证时才生效”）
991015 KOREA

51D Applicant Bank （开证行）
BANK OF CHINA LIAONING BRANCH

50 Applicant（开证申请人）
DALIAN WEIDA TRADING CO., LTD

59 Beneficiary （受益人）
SANGYONG CORPORATION CPO BOX 110 SEOUL KOREA （名称与地址与印就好的文件上的要一致，其他单据制作照抄此名址即可）

32B Currency Code, Amount （信用证结算货币和金额）
USD 1,146,725.04 （与此相关的可参考《全新出口单证操作与技巧》page79-82）

41D Available with...by... （指定的有关银行和信用证兑付方式）
ANY BANK BY NEGOTIATIO （意为任何银行议付，有的信用证为ANY BANK BY PAYMENT,此为银行付款后无追索权；前则有追索权，就是有权限要回已付给你的钱，其实为贴现行、购票行，为善意第三人。通常要求在出口商国内交单，即交单行为国内银行）

42C Drafts at （汇票付款期限）
45 DAYS AFTER SIGHT （见证45天内付款）

42D Drawee （汇票付款人受票人）
BANK OF CHINA LIAONING BRANCH （亦称受票行drawee bank，通常也是付款行paying bank，付款人不能为信用证申请人）

43P Partial Shipments（分装条款）
NOT ALLOWED （此为分装不允许。UCP500除非信用证明确不准分批装运，卖方即有权分批装运）

43T Transhipment （转运条款）
NOT ALLOWED （此为转船不允许。UCP500如在信用证中没有是否允许转运的表述，则视为允许转运。对允许转运的货物，一般不宜接受“卖方指定中途港”或“卖方指定二程船公司或船名”等条件。如禁止转运，只要提单证明货物是装在集装箱、拖车或子母船上的，即使提单注明将有转船，也不做不符，但须由同一份提单包括整个航程）

44A Shipping on Board/Dispatch/Packing in Charge at/ from（装船、发送和货物接收监管的地点）
RUSSIAN SEA （起运港）

44B Transportation to（货物发送的最终地）
DALIAN PORT, P.R.CHINA （目的港）

44C Latest Date of Shipment（最迟装运期）
990913 （44C在CIF时使用，FOB使用44D SHIPMENT PERIOD。装期应便于合理备货及制作和申领相关单证，如生产包装、船期安排、内陆运输、制作商业发票装箱单、报检取商检证申领产地证许可证核销单及其他认证签证、投保取单、整理审理单证、报关查关及其他以外事故）

45A Description of Goods or Services（货物描述）
FROZEN YELLOWFIN SOLE WHOLE ROUND (WITH WHITE BELLY) USD770/MT CFR DALIAN QUANTITY: 200MT ALASKA PLAICE (WITH YELLOW BELLY) USD600/MT CFR DALIAN QUANTITY: 300MT （关于货物描述可参考《全新出口单证操作与技巧》page76（2））

46A Documents Required: （单据要求） （单证及其他要求合理可行：备单不求人，应拒绝由客人或其授权人出具并证实的单证文件，如客检证，也要谨慎考虑由其他机构出具的单据文件证明认证能否办理或能否及时办理，所需份数尤其是正本份数能否如数提供，可参考UCP500第二十三条b、c、d；单证出具日期是否符合逻辑性和国际惯例，可参考《外贸七日通》page73；单据填制是否合理，如要求出具记名提单等）（备单审单原则：单证相符、单征相符）
1. SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN 5 COPIES. （签字的商业发票五份） （关于货物描述可参考《全新出口单证操作与技巧》page76（2））

2. FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD OCEAN BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO ORDER AND BLANK ENDORSED, MARKED "FREIGHT PREPAID" NOTIFYING LIAONING OCEAN FISHING CO., LTD. TEL [phone] （一整套清洁已装船提单,抬头为TO ORDER的空白背书,且注明运费已付,通知人为LIAONINGOCEANFISHING CO., LTD. TEL [phone] ）（应谨慎处理正本提单直接寄送客人的条款）

3. PACKING LIST/WEIGHT MEMO IN 4 COPIES INDICATING QUANTITY/GROSS AND NET WEIGHTS OF EACH PACKAGE AND PACKING CONDITIONSAS CALLED FOR BY THE L/C.（装箱单/重量单四份,显示每个包装产品的数量/毛净重和信用证要求的包装情况.）

4. CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY PUBLIC RECOGNIZED SURVEYOR.（由PUBLIC RECOGNIZED SURVEYOR签发的质量证明三份.）.

5. BENEFICIARY'S CERTIFIED COPY OF FAX DISPATCHED TO THE ACCOUNTEE WITH 3 DAYS AFTER SHIPMENT ADVISING NAME OF VESSEL, DATE, QUANTITY, WEIGHT, VALUE OF SHIPMENT, L/C NUMBER AND CONTRACT NUMBER.（受益人证明的传真件,在船开后三天内已将船名航次,日期,货物的数量,重量价值,信用证号和合同号通知付款人.）

6. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION.（当局签发的原产地证明三份）.

7. CERTIFICATE OF HEALTH IN 3 COPIES ISSUED BY AUTHORIZED INSTITUTION.（当局签发的健康/检疫证明三份）.

47A ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS （附加指示）
1. CHARTER PARTY B/L AND THIRD PARTY DOCUMENTS ARE ACCEPTABLE. （租船提单和第三方单据可以接受）

2. SHIPMENT PRIOR TO L/C ISSUING DATE IS ACCEPTABLE.（装船期在信用证有效期内可接受
这句是不是有点问题?先于L/C签发日的船期是可接受的.对否?）

3. BOTH QUANTITY AND AMOUNT 10 PERCENT MORE OR LESS ARE ALLOWED. （允许数量和金额公差在10%左右） （与此相关的可参考《全新出口单证操作与技巧》page76-79）

71B Charges （费用）
ALL BANKING CHARGES OUTSIDE THE OPENNING BANK ARE FOR BENEFICIARY'S ACCOUNT.
（公平原则是分摊参见《外贸七日通》page103-8）

48 Period for Presentation（单据提示日期）
DOCUMENTSMUST BE PRESENTED WITHIN 15 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF ISSUANCE OF THE TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS BUT WITHIN THE VALIDITY OF