P2P知识管理报告.ppt

Peer-to-peer Knowledge ManagementwPropose the idea of P2P knowledge managementnWhat does P2P mean?nHow can peer-to-peer help KM?wDiscuss problems with P2P KMnFree-ride Issue and incentive designnImpact of technology on organizational exchange networkNov 14,20011精选课件What does Peer-to-Peer mean?wParticipating computers are both clients and servers.wThree kinds of P2P applicationsnP2P information sharing(Napster;FreeNet)ldistributed resources and/or peer-to-peer routingnP2P Collaboration/Communication(groove;ICQ)nDistributed computing(SETIhome)lCoordinate multiple computers for complex tasksNov 14,20012精选课件More Features of P2P information sharingwInformation available at certain time is the sum of the information content each node shares.wNodes can easily join or quit.wMake use of under-utilized resourceswIt usually create some redundancy to reduce the impact of single node failure.wLoad-balancing mechanism.Nov 14,20013精选课件Drawbacks of P2P information sharingwAnonymous v.s.CopyrightwRedundancy v.s.Up-to-datewQuality of ServicewSearch EfficiencywFree-Ride!nNearly 70%of Gnutella users share no files,nearly 50%of all responses are returned by the top 1%of sharing hosts.We argue that free riding leads to degradation of the system performance and adds vulnerability to the system.If this trend continues copyright issues might become moot compared to the possible collapse of such systems.(Adar and Huberman 2000,Free Riding on Guttela)Nov 14,20014精选课件Why we propose P2P KMwP2P technology fit well with KM objectivesnUnlock“hidden”organization knowledgenEnhance interactions through“push”&“pull”nFoster knowledge sharing communitiesnContribute to propagation of tacit knowledgenTolerate fuzzy knowledge and different points of viewwWe expect free-riding issue can be better handled within organization context.wOther desirable features:flexible,robust,secure,cost efficiency(?)Nov 14,20015精选课件So what is P2P KM?wtwo components:nP2P information sharing component explicit knowledge transferlNotification of update and new release(“push”)lAccess controllContent-based addressingnP2P collaboration component implicit knowledge transferlMultiple channels(text,multi-media)lReal-time collaboration and non-real time collaborationwP2P KM and centralized effort of knowledge managementNov 14,20016精选课件Potential problems of P2P KMwQuality of knowledgewLack of consistencywFree-rider problemnKnowledge is often treated as public good.nIts rational for self-interest agents to consume public good without contributing(free ride).nConsequently some socially desirable good is not provided by agents due to inadequate compensation.nThis under-provision of public good problem may eventually defeat the P2P knowledge management system.Nov 14,20017精选课件Related IS/Mgmt LiteraturewMost research in IS/Mgmt try to ask a question:“what are reasons for knowledge sharing”nAltruism(constant et al 94,Palfrey and Prisbrey 1997,Davenport and Prusak 1998)&Group commitment (O Reilly an Chatman 1986;Kollock 1999)nReciprocity(Davenport and Prusak 1998;Ekeh 1974)nReputation(Davenport and Prusak 1998,Rheigngold 1993)nself-efficacy(Kollock 1999,Bandura 1995)wFactors favor these motivationsnfuture interaction;Record of past interactions;Identity persistence;Well defined and defended group boundary;Visibility and recognition of contributions;Group size;etc(Kellock 1999)Nov 14,20018精选课件Related Economics LiteraturewKnowledge and Knowledge exchangenValue of knowledge is difficult to measure or verify;nValue of knowledge may be different for different agentsnValue of knowledge may involves some uncertainty.nKnowledge exchange is often embedded and affected by social networks.wSo,unlike other more tangible goods,there is lack of a price system(market)or complete contract form for knowledge.Nov 14,20019精选课件Related Economics LiteraturewWage schedules that encourage team production collaboration.(Multi-Agent:Che&Yoo 2001;Grooves 1973;)nShould competition or collaboration be encouraged?nWhat is the optimal wage schedule for teams?wIncentives and Task structure(Multi-task:Holmstrom,Milgrom 1982;Itoh 1991)nEither the task itself can be rewarded or the marginal opportunity cost for the task can be lowered by removing or reducing the incentives on competing tasks.Nov 14,200110精选课件wNetwork(Jackson&Wolinsky 1995;Watts 1999;Kranton 1996,1999,2000)nWhat kind of network structure is optimal?(P2P?Star?)nCan agents form efficient network?Questions and Suggestions?De.liumail.utexas.eduNov 14,200111精选课件