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新概念英语第一册笔记
Lesson 11 Is this your shirt …..?
一、 单词讲解
1、whose
pron. 谁的(特殊疑问词)
eg. This is our classroom.
eg. Whose classroom is this?
eg. Whose is this classroom?
⑴形容词性物主代词是修饰名词的,所以后面必须加名词。
eg. This suit is my. (错语)
eg. This is my suit. (正确)
eg. This suit is mine. (正确)
⑵名词性物主代词必须单独使用,后面不再接名词。
eg. This shirt is mine.
⑶名词所有格是在词尾加’s。这种形式即具有形容词性,也具有名词性。
eg. Whose shirt is this?
eg. This is Wendy’s(作形容词性物主代词来用) skirt.=This is her skirt.
eg. Whose is this skirt?
eg. This skirt is Wend’s. =This skirt is hers.
练习:
eg. Your car is red; mine is blue.
eg. I have my way, and she has hers.
我有我的处事方式,她有她的。
whose 引导的特殊疑问句即可用形容词性物主代词回答,也可用名词性物主代词回答。
eg. Whose house is this?
eg. This is our house. = This house is ours.
2、perhaps
adv.perhaps=maybe 可能
eg. Perhaps it will rain.
eg. Perhaps it is his car.
3、catch
v.
⑴接住
Catch!
⑵ 逮住,捕获
catch a thief
⑶ 染上(疾病)
catch a cold
eg. I have caught a bad cold.
4、blue
adj.蓝色的,忧郁的
blue movie 黄色电影 blue-collar 蓝领工人
eg. Don’t make my eyes blue. 不要让我愁云满天。
5、white
adj.白色的
white-collar 白领(从事办公室工作的人)
pink-collar 粉领(从事办公室工作的女士)
white book 白皮书 white lie 善意的谎言 white house白宫
二、课文讲解
⑴名词所有格是在词尾加’s。这种形式即具有形容词性,也具有名词性。
Is this shirt Tim’s? (Tim’s具有名词性= Tim’s shirt)
Is this Tim’s shirt? (Tim’s具有形容词性)
⑵Tim’s shirt’s white. = Tim’s shirt is white.
⑶Here you are. 给对方某东西
Can I borrow your pen?
Yes, of course. Here you are.
指出某物在什么地方 Here it is.单数 Here they are.复数
Do you see my coat? Here it is.
Where are my keys? Here they are.
Lesson 12 Whose is this/that..?
一、 单词讲解
1、father
n.父亲
2、mother
n. 母亲
father=Dad mather=Mum parents: father and mother
eg. His parents are in Germany.(his parents 复数,故系动词用are)
3、blouse
n.衬衣(女士)
2、 Sister
n.姐妹
eg. I have two sisters.
5、brother
n.兄弟
eg. I have two brothers.
6、tie
n.领带
wear a tie 系领带
Lesson 13 A new dress.
一、 单词讲解
1、colour
n.颜色(英) color n.颜色(美)
what colour is…?
eg. What colour is Ann’s hat?
eg. What colour’s Ann’s cat?
what make is…?
eg. What make is your watch?
what nationality is…?
eg. What nationnality is she?
2、green
adj.绿色的
green hand 新手
eg. He is a green hand.
3、black
adj.黑色的
black and blue all over 受伤后全身青一块紫一块的
4、come
v. 来 go v. 去,加油
eg. Come on, let’s go swimming. 来吧,我们去游泳。
eg. Come on, stop day-dreaming. 得了,拜托,别再做白日梦了。
eg. Come on, you’ll be fine. 没关系,你会没事的。
eg. Come on, come on! 快点,快点!
5、upstairs
adv. 楼上 downstairs adv. 楼下
here、there、home、abroad等都地点副词前不可以加介词。
come here 不可以说成 come to here.
go here/there/home/abroad
6、smart
adj.
⑴ 漂亮的; 时髦的
eg. Lucy’s blouse is smart.
eg. Her hat is very smart
⑵ 聪明的; 机灵的
eg. She is a smart student.
eg. He is a smart businesman.
同义词分析:
clever 聪明的(指理解力);狡猾的
bright 聪明的(多指小孩)
eg. Your little son is so bright.
wise 理性的; 精明的(形容年纪较长者)
7、hat
n.帽子
eg. What colour is Ann’s hat?
8、same
adj.同一的,一样的 different adj.不同的,不一样的
9、lovely
adj.可爱的
eg. Whose is this lovely hat?
eg. Whose lovely hat is this?
eg. It’s Ann’s (hat).
cute 小孩可爱
eg. The baby is cute.
二、课文讲解
⑴ 祁使句:谓语动词一般用原形,表示请求建议命令等。
Come upstairs and see it.
Follow me.
Shut the door, please!
Be careful!
Go and buy a new hat.
Wait and see.等着瞧。
⑵ look、listen等表示动作
look at、listen to等表示动作的对象
see、hear等表示动作的结果
look at the blackboard listen to me
Look! I see nothing.
⑶ nice = good
He is very nice to me.
It’s a nice day.
Have a nice(= good) time!
⑷ same常与the 连用表示同一的,相同的
the same age the same city
We live in the same city.
⑸ That is a lovely hat!
Is 要重读表示强调
Lesson 14 What colour is your…?
一、 单词讲解
1、case
n.箱子
briefcase 公文包(软皮的,只可一侧打开的箱子)
attache case公文包(硬皮的,上有提手的箱子)
suit case 旅行用的装衣服的箱子
pack the suit case
2、carpet
n.地毯
rug:a small carpet
mat:垫子
door mat门垫
mouse mat鼠标垫
3、dog
n.狗
love me, love my dog 爱屋及乌= accept my friends as yours
颜色的单词
What colour is/are sth? It is /They are….
① in the black
eg. Our account is in the black. 我们的账户里还有钱。
② out of the blue = unexpected 出乎意料
eg. John came out of the blue. John出乎意料来了。
③ in black and white 以书面形式记录下来,白字黑字
eg. I want it in black and white.
④ grey adj. 灰色的;灰白的 grey hair灰白的头发
⑤ brown adj. 棕色的
⑥ in the red 赤字(反义词in the black)
⑦red carpet 红地毯
eg. Give him red carpet treatment. 给予他最高待遇。
⑧ yellow adj. 黄色的
⑨ orange adj. 桔黄色的 n.桔子
⑩ purple adj. 紫色的 born in the purple 出身显贵
Lesson 15 Your passports, please.
一、 单词讲解
1、customs
n.海关
customs duty 海关关税
2、officer
n.官员 office n.办公室
in the office
customs officer 海关关员
3、girl
n.女孩 boy n.男孩
eg. That girl is my daughter.
eg. That boy is my son.
4、Danish
n.丹麦人/语 adj.丹麦的
Denmark n.丹麦
eg. My friend is Danish.
eg. I am from Denmark.
5、friend
n. 朋友
eg. Are they your friends?
friendly adj.友好的
be friendly to sb 对….友好
eg. She is friendly to me. (to介词后面要接宾语)
6、Norwegian
n.挪威人/语 adj.挪威的
Norway n.挪威
eg. My friend is Norwegian.
eg. I am from Norway.
7、passport
n.护照
8、tourist
n.旅行者
eg. Is she a tourist? Yes, she is.
二、课文讲解
语法:可数名词与不可数名词的复数形式。见语法手册第一章名词
⑴在单数名词后面在“s”。
⑵在以“s” “x” “sh” “ch”结尾的单数名词变复数时,需在单词后面加“es”
bus buses dress dresses
⑶以元音字母加“y”结尾的单数名词变复数,我们在词尾加s
boy boys
以辅音字母加“y”结尾的单词,需把“y”去掉再加ies
fly flies baby babies
⑷以o结尾的单数名词变复数时有两种形式:其一是直接在词尾加s; 另一种是在词尾加es.
口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土豆西经柿 +es
Negro(es) hero(es) potato(es) tomato(es)
其它则加s
photo(s)
⑸不规则变化
man men goose geese foot feet
⑹以f 或 fe 结尾的单数名词变成复数,一般把f或fe 变成v 再加es.
knife knives
⑺词尾发音规则:清清浊浊
清辅音+[s]
浊辅音/元音+[z]
以清辅音t结尾的单词,加s,则[ts]
以浊辅音d结尾的单词,加s,则[dz]
特别发音:词尾发音[s] [z] [∫] [3] [t∫] [d3] +[iz]
give/show sb sth
Give/Show me your passports.
Lesson 16 Are you …?
一、 单词讲解
1、Russian
n.俄罗斯人,俄语 adj. 俄罗斯的
Russia n. 俄罗斯
eg. My friend is Russian.
eg. Where are you from?
eg. I am from Russia.
2、Dutch
n.荷兰人 adj. 荷兰的
Holland n.荷兰
eg. My friend is Dutch.
eg. I am from Holland.
3、these
pron.这些(this的复数) those pron.那些(that的复数)
eg. Are these our cases? Yes, they are.
Lesson 17 How do you do?
一、 单词讲解
1、employee
n.雇员
employer n.雇主
employ v.雇佣 employ sb.
employment n. 就业
unemployment n.失业
-ee 一般指动作的承受者,被动者
-er 一般指施动者,主动者
interview v. 采访; 面试
interviewee n. 被面试者,被采访者
interviewer n. 面试者,采访者.
2、hard-working
adj.勤奋的 lazy adj.懒惰的
eg. Miss Smith is a hard-working employee. Smith小姐是一个勤奋的雇员。
hard work n. 艰苦的工作(hard是adj. work是n.)
eg. That is hard work. 那是一项艰苦的工作。(注意work当工作讲时是不可数名词因此前面不能加“a”)
work hard v. 努力工作(work是v. hard是adv.)
eg. We work hard. 我们努力工作。
3、sales reps
推销员 sales rep (单数形式)
rep = representative n. 代表
sales n. 销售
sales representative 销售人员,销售代表 sales person 销售人员
salesman 男销售员 saleswoman 女销售员
4、man
n. 男人 (单数) 人类 men
woman n.女人 women
5、office
n. 办公室
in the office 在办公室里
office block 办公大楼
office boy/girl 勤杂工
office assistant 勤杂人员
officer 官员
6、assistant
n.助手,助理
assistant of the manager 经理助理
assist v. 援助
二、课文讲解
⑴who 引导的特殊疑问句
who 引导的含有系动词的特殊疑问句的句型为:主要是询问人的姓名和身份
who is + 单数名词? who are + 复数名词?
Who is that fat man? He is our headmaster.
Who are they? They are my parents.
⑵Come and meet our employees, Mr. Richards.
祈使句用来表示建议,命令,叮嘱等。(省略主语):You come and meet our employees.
⑶this is 用来介绍他人
⑷How do you do? 在正式场合下第一次见面时用语。回答也是:How do you do?
How are you? 朋友或相识的人之间见面时的询问身体状况的问候语。
I am fine. / I am well.
⑸What are their jobs?/ What is her job?
Lesson 18 What are their jobs?
Lesson 19 Tired and thirsty.
一、 单词讲解
1、matter
n. 事情
eg. What’s the matter? 怎么了?(用来询问发生了什么事)
eg. What’s wrong?
What’s the matter with+人?/What’s wrong with+人? …怎么了?
eg. What’s the matter with your brother? 你的兄弟怎么了?
eg. It doesn’t matter! 没事,没关系!常用在回复sorry这句话中
Sorry! I’m sorry! - It doesn’t matter!
eg. It matters. 有关系。
eg. Does it matter? 有关系吗?行吗?
2、children
n. 孩子们(复) child (单数)
eg. Whose child is this?
eg. This is her child.
eg. Whose is this child?
eg. This child is hers.
3、tired
adj.累的,疲乏的
eg. I’m tired. 我累了。
tire out :completely tired 筋疲力尽了
tireless adj.不知疲倦的
less 是形容词后缀,具有否定意义。
a tireless worker 不知疲倦的工人
4、thirsty
adj. 渴的
eg. We are tired and thirsty.
5、sit down
坐下 stand up 站起来
6、right
adj.
1)好的,可以
eg. Let’s go upstairs and see my new blouse. -All right.
eg. I fell off the stairs. -Are you all right? -Yes, I am.
2)右边,右边的 left 左边,左边的
on the right/ left
3)正确的
eg. That’s right. 对,没错(wrong)
7、ice cream
冰淇淋
two ice creams 两只冰淇淋
二、课文讲解
⑴there be 结构: There be…. 某地有某物
There is + n. (可数单数名词或不可数名词)+介词短语(状语)
There are + n. (可数复数名词)+介词短语(状语)
There is a tie in the box. 在盒子里面有一条领带。(a tie可数名词单数)
There are two shirts on the bed. 在床上有两件衬衫。(two shirts 复数名词)
There is some water on the desk. 在桌子上有一些水。(water 不可数名词)
我们说如果一个句子中有be的形式存在,那么这个句子的疑问或否定形式都在be 本身变化。比如说疑问句,我们就把系动词提前,否定句,我们就在系动词后面加not.
There is a tie in the box.
Is there a tie in the box?Yes, there is. No, there isn’t
There is some/isn’t any water on the desk.
Is there any water on the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.
(some 和any 都表示“一些“,some一般用在肯定句中,any 用在疑问句或否定句中。)
⑵介词(后面加名词):
①in 在…里面
in the box / in the office/ in the room
②on 在…上面
on the desk/ on the book/ on the floor
⑶Two ice creams, please.
=Give me two ice creams, please.
Lesson 20 Look at them.
一、 单词讲解
1、big
1) adj. 外形比较大
eg. There is a big box on the floor. 地板上有一个大箱子。
2)adj. 抽象的大
eg. Deng Xiaoping is a big man. 邓小平是一个伟大的人物。
2、small
adj.体积小 little adj.(感情色彩)小
a small room
a little girl (带有喜欢,喜爱之情)
3、open
1) adj. 开着的
eg. The shop is open. 商店开业了。
2)v. 开,打开
open the door 打开门
4、shut
1)adj. 关着的 = closed
eg. The door is closed.
eg. The door is shut.
2)v. 关上= close
shut the door
close the door
eg. Shut up! 闭嘴
5、light
1)adj. 轻的
eg. The box is so light that I can lift it by myself. 这个箱子真是太轻了,我一个人就能把它提起来。
a light sleeper 睡觉比较浅的人
light punishment 比较轻的处罚
2)n. 灯
turn on the light 开灯
turn off the light 关灯
6、heavy
adj. 重的
eg. Is the desk heavy?
heavy smoker 吸烟比较多的人
heavy drinker 喝酒比较多的人
heavy hearted 心事重重的人,伤心的
7、long
adj. 长的 short adj. 短的
8、shoe
n.鞋 shoes
9、grandfather/grandmother
grandfather/grandmother n.祖父母,外祖父母
grandson/granddaughter n.孙子/女,外孙子/女
10、trousers
n.裤子(复数)
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