2019精选医学RF校准软件设计..ppt

手机射频校准什么是射频校准？什么是射频校准？The process of obtaining RF parametric data to be used by the phone for the purpose of compensating for non-linear devices,frequency variations,and temperature variationsOutput from the calibration process is stored in non-volatile(NV)memoryDMSS uses RF NV items during normal operation to ensure system performance is met.射频校准的意义射频校准的意义?(1)Subscriber units have differing RF characteristics.-Some characteristics vary from one unit to the next-Other characteristics vary from one design to the next射频校准的意义射频校准的意义?(2)The subscriber unit must estimate the Rx power properly to maximize signal to noise ratios and to provide a basis for Tx power output.The subscriber unit must transmit at correct Tx power level over its large dynamic range.射频校准的意义射频校准的意义?(3)The MSM device and system software combination must“know”the RF characteristics of the particular unit.This information is known as RF calibration data.Failure to compensate for differing RF characteristics may cause the unit to fail minimum performance specifications.射频校准的意义射频校准的意义?(4)Calibration Consideration:-Some NV Items will be static per phone design Ex:NV_CDMA_ENC_BTF -Other NV items will vary from one phone to the next and need to be calibrated Ex:NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER_1射频校准的信号流图射频校准的信号流图射频校准工位搭建射频校准工位搭建NV项项Calibration compensates for nonlinear characteristics,Calibration compensates for nonlinear characteristics,and temperature and frequency variations in the and temperature and frequency variations in the performance of the Tx and Rx path components in a performance of the Tx and Rx path components in a subscriber unitsubscriber unitOutput from the calibration process are stored in Output from the calibration process are stored in nonvolatile(NV)memory items in AMSS softwarenonvolatile(NV)memory items in AMSS softwareDMSS software loads calibration values into MSM DMSS software loads calibration values into MSM registers or uses them for software processing during registers or uses them for software processing during normal DMSS operationnormal DMSS operationNV items can be accessed using raw DIAG commands or NV items can be accessed using raw DIAG commands or using DIAG-based tools,such as the QPST RF Calibration using DIAG-based tools,such as the QPST RF Calibration ToolTool Some NV items will be static per the hardware design Some NV items will be static per the hardware designOther NV items will vary from one unit to the nextOther NV items will vary from one unit to the nextSome elements within an NV item can be extrapolatedSome elements within an NV item can be extrapolatedNV项类型项类型Static RF NV Items:Value is determined by design and does not change for the same design.Ex:NV_CDMA_NONBYPASS_TIMER_ICalculated RF NV Items:Value is calculated based on other parameters of the design configuration and value does not change for a given configuration.Ex:NV_CDMA_LNA_RANGE_RISE_IMeasured RF NV Items:Value is defined by RF calibration process and each device may have a different value.Ex:NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER_0_IFTM介绍FTM is expandable,allowing customers to build onto the functions for manufacturer-specific testingFTM is now a part of QPSTExtensive documentation is available for customer reference 80-V4690-25 Rev.B MSM 6250 RF NV Items CL-93-V5368-1 Rev.C Factory Test Mode WCDMA Commands CL93-V5370-1 Rev.F Factory Test Mode GSM Commands 80-V5359-1 Rev.E FTM Overview运行运行FTMReleased DMSS can be made to boot up in one of two operatingmodes Normal“DMSS”mode with regular cellular operation FTM mode with no cellular system determination and call-processingBy default,DMSS will power up in normal modeAMSS software is also capable of switching modes at run-time(no reset required)To switch from online to FTM,send a“Mode FTM”command to the phone.To switch from FTM to online,send a“Mode Online”command.To activate FTM:Send Off_line command to target Send Diag Command NV_WRITE and set NV item NV_FTM_I to 1.Reset target by sending a MODE_RESET command.Target will boot up inFTM mode.Target LCD screen should display“Factory Test Mode”At this point the unit is ready to receive FTM commandsFTM命令介绍（1）Bool Set PDM(pdm_id_type type)This command sets the value of a PDM output,based on PDM_ID such asTx_Agc_Pdm or Rx_Agc_PdmByte Get ADC(adc_id_type type,word*data=NULL)This command returns the value of the specified analogto-digital converter(ADC)channels.Word GetCAGC_RX_AGC()This command returns the 10-bit 2s complement output of the RX AGC loopBool GetSynthLockState()This command returns thestate of the RF synthesizers.FTM命令介绍（2）Bool SetCDMAWaveCW(bool on_off)This command sets the modulation ON/OFF for the uplink waveform.Pass in“true”for CW waveform and“false”for WCDMA uplink waveformBool SetChannel(word channel)This command sets the uplink and downlink channelBool SetLNAOffset(byte index,int value)This command sets the LNA offset registerBool SetLNARange(lna_range_type range)This command sets the LNA range state machine to the specified stateFTM命令介绍（3）Bool SetMode(mode_id_type mode)This function makes a selection between GSM and WCDMA operating modes.It initializes all of the necessary registers to place the phone in the requested modeBool SetPARange(pa_range_type range)This command sets the PA range state machine to the specified stateBool SetTxOFF()This command turns off the phones transmit chain including the power amplifier and the MSM Tx clocksBool SetTxON()This command turns on the phones transmit chain including the power amplifier and the MSM Tx clockFTM命令介绍（4）Word GetCDMAIM2(byte*Idac,byte*Qdac,byte*Trans)This command returns the optimum IM2 value for the current mode and channel of the mobile.Rx signal input are required to be set before issuing this command or results will not be accurate.The resulting word contains two values:The most significant byte contains the I value The middle byte contains the Q value The least significant byte contains the transconductance valueBool SetDVGAOffset(word offset)This function sets the DVGA(Digital VGA)offset registerWord GetDVGAOffset(void)This function gets the DVGA offset register valueAutomatic Gain Control(AGC)The phone does not use dB and dBm to manage power.In the embedded software,all power is defined in terms of AGC units AGC units AGC is stored as 10-bit number Range is 210,1024 total units dB/AGC=Dynamic Range(dB)/1024 For Dynamic Range=85.3 dBThere are 12 AGC units per dB Both RX and TX use AGC units for all power calculations E.g.Rx must measure power and determine RX AGC.E.g.Tx AGC units are used to calculate transmit power (e.g.max power and access probe step sizes).RX AGC和dBm的转换Given Min RSSI=-106 dBm AGC/dB conversion=12 AGC/1 dB dB/AGC conversion=0.08 dB/1 AGCTX AGC和dBm的转换Given Min MSM Tx linearizer power=-57.3 dBm AGC/dB conversion=12 AGC/1 dB dB/AGC conversion=0.08 dB/1 AGCHDETPhone looking up HDET to get power:Upper 25%of the Tx dynamic is used to obtain power vs.HDET curve.HDET dynamic range=0.25*85.3=21.33 HDET dynamic range is divided into 16 segments.HDET max table power=28.0 dBm HDET min table power=6.67 dBmHDET offset and span Offset and span define the range in which the power-limiting algorithm is active Offset:Lowest HDET value used for power limiting=HDET reading at (max Tx power limit-6dB)Span:Highest HDET value used for power limiting=HDET reading at (max Tx power limit+2dB)-offsetRx Calibration(1)Rx Calibration(2)Rx Calibration-IM2(3)IM2 calibration is done to improve reception in certain types of jamming situations.Improper IM2 calibration may cause the mobile stations FER to increase in these jamming situations.Rx Calibration-IM2(4)Using a signal generator,place an AM modulated carrier with the Using a signal generator,place an AM modulated carrier with the following characteristics at the input to the antennafollowing characteristics at the input to the antenna The frequency of the carrier must be offset from the Rx reference The frequency of the carrier must be offset from the Rx reference frequency by 5.0 MHz.frequency by 5.0 MHz.Program the modulation tone be sinusoidal and to have a Program the modulation tone be sinusoidal and to have a frequency of 20 kHz.frequency of 20 kHz.Program the signal generator such that the AM modulation depth Program the signal generator such that the AM modulation depth is 56%.is 56%.Program the signal strength to be 25 Program the signal strength to be 25 dBmdBm at the antennas input.at the antennas input.Check the RSSI using the FTM function Check the RSSI using the FTM function Get RX AGCGet RX AGC.If the RSSI is.If the RSSI is saturated(at the extreme limit),adjust the signals strength saturated(at the extreme limit),adjust the signals strength accordingly until the RSSI is no longer saturated.accordingly until the RSSI is no longer saturated.Call the FTM function Call the FTM function Get CDMA IM2Get CDMA IM2.It may take approximately 5.It may take approximately 5 seconds before the function returns a value.seconds before the function returns a value.Store the two values in Store the two values in NV_CDMA_IM2_I_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_I_VALUE and and NV_CDMA_IM2_Q_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_Q_VALUE.Rx Calibration(5)FTM command sequenceFTM command sequence-1.SET_MODE FTM-1.SET_MODE FTM-2.RESET-2.RESET-3.TEST_SET_MODE PHONE_MODE_CDMA_800-3.TEST_SET_MODE PHONE_MODE_CDMA_800-4.TEST_SET_CHANNEL CDMA reference=202-4.TEST_SET_CHANNEL CDMA reference=202-5.Input CDMA waveform at ref.channel and at LNA_FALL1 power.-5.Input CDMA waveform at ref.channel and at LNA_FALL1 power.-6.TEST_GET_DVGA_OFFSET-6.TEST_GET_DVGA_OFFSET-7.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=0-7.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=0-8.Change input power level to LNA_FALL2.-8.Change input power level to LNA_FALL2.-9.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=1-9.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=1-10.Change input power level to LNA_FALL3.-10.Change input power level to LNA_FALL3.-11.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=2-11.TEST_GET_LNA_OFFSET ID=2-12.Repeat steps 4 through 11 for all 16 channels.-12.Repeat steps 4 through 11 for all 16 channels.Rx Calibration(6)Stored in following NV items:Stored in following NV items:NV_CDMA_VGA_GAIN_OFFSETNV_CDMA_VGA_GAIN_OFFSETNV_CDMA_VGA_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_VGA_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_LNA_RANGE_OFFSETNV_LNA_RANGE_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_RANGE_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_RANGE_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_LNA_RANGE_12_OFFSETNV_LNA_RANGE_12_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_RANGE_12_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_RANGE_12_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_3_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_3_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_ 3_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_ 3_OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_ 4_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_ 4_OFFSETNV_CDMA_LNA_ OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_LNA_ OFFSET_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_IM2_I_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_I_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_Q_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_Q_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_TRANSCONDUCTOR_VALUENV_CDMA_IM2_TRANSCONDUCTOR_VALUETx Calibration(1)Tx Calibration(2)Nonlinear RF characteristics of the Tx AGC amplifier are captured in linearizer tables Tx Calibration(3)FTM command sequenceFTM command sequence 1.SET_MODE FTM1.SET_MODE FTM 2.RESET2.RESET 3.TEST_SET_MODE PHONE_MODE_CDMA_8003.TEST_SET_MODE PHONE_MODE_CDMA_800 4.TEST_SET_CHANNEL CDMA reference=202 4.TEST_SET_CHANNEL CDMA reference=202 5.TEST_SET_TX_ON5.TEST_SET_TX_ON 6.TEST_SET_PA_RANGE LOW_POWER6.TEST_SET_PA_RANGE LOW_POWER 7.Measure Tx power and use TEST_SET_PDM 7.Measure Tx power and use TEST_SET_PDM Tx_AGC,xTx_AGC,x to to adjust until the desired Tx power for index 0 is achieved.Record adjust until the desired Tx power for index 0 is achieved.Record Tx_AGCTx_AGC PDM.PDM.8.Repeat Step 7 for all other indices from 1 to 36.8.Repeat Step 7 for all other indices from 1 to 36.9.TEST_SET_PA_RANGE HIGH_POWER9.TEST_SET_PA_RANGE HIGH_POWER 10.Adjust the Tx power as described in Step 7,and record Tx AGC 10.Adjust the Tx power as described in Step 7,and record Tx AGC PDMsPDMs and HDET values for all 37 indices.and HDET values for all 37 indices.Tx Calibration(4)Stored in the following NV items:Stored in the following NV items:NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER0NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER0NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER1NV_CDMA_TX_LIN_MASTER1NV_TX_COMP0NV_TX_COMP0NV_TX_COMP1NV_TX_COMP1NV_HDET_OFFNV_HDET_OFFNV_HDET_SPNNV_HDET_SPNNV_CDMA_TX_LIM_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_TX_LIM_VS_FREQNV_CDMA_EXP_HDET_VS_AGC NV_CDMA_EXP_HDET_VS_AGC RF Calibration-硬件设备接口(1)GPIBGPIB硬件接口硬件接口-GPIB-GPIB接口是一个数字化接口是一个数字化2424脚并行总线，其中脚并行总线，其中1616根为根为TTLTTL并行总线，包括并行总线，包括8 8根双向数据线、根双向数据线、5 5根控根控制线、制线、3 3根握手线，另根握手线，另8 8根为地线和屏蔽线。根为地线和屏蔽线。-GPIB-GPIB卡作为计算机与测量仪表之间的桥梁，主卡作为计算机与测量仪表之间的桥梁，主要承担着命令、数据的传送功能，计算机通过要承担着命令、数据的传送功能，计算机通过控制控制GPIBGPIB卡向测试仪表发送控制命令，控制测卡向测试仪表发送控制命令，控制测试仪表执行相应的动作、进行相应的测试；计试仪表执行相应的动作、进行相应的测试；计算机向测试仪表发送数据读取命令，控制测试算机向测试仪表发送数据读取命令，控制测试仪表将测试数据通过仪表将测试数据通过GPIBGPIB接口送入计算机；接口送入计算机；RF Calibration-硬件设备接口(2)NINI公司提供的常用公司提供的常用IEEE488.2IEEE488.2函数函数 -viOpenDefaultRMviOpenDefaultRM(ViPSessionViPSession vi)vi)-viOpen(ViSessionviOpen(ViSession vi,)vi,)-viPrintf(ViSessionviPrintf(ViSession vi,vi,ViStringViString writeFmtwriteFmt,.),.)-viQueryfviQueryf(ViSessionViSession vi,)vi,)-viClose(ViObjectviClose(ViObject vi)vi)