初中英语语法---数词(含练习).doc

中考英语复习---数词
表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词可以分为基数词和序数词。
一、 基数词
用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示：
1one
11eleven

100a/one hundred
2two
12twelve
20twenty
1,000a/one thousand
3three
13thirteen
30thirty
1,000,000a/one million
4four
14fourteen
40forty
10,000,000ten million
5five
15fifteen
50fifty
100,000,000a/one hundred million
6six
16sixteen
60sixty
1,000,000,000a/one billion
7seven
17seventeen
70seventy

8eight
18eighteen
80eithty

9nine
19nineteen
90ninety

10ten

说明：
1. 11-19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意12,13,15,18的拼写。
2. 20-90（整十）是由个位数加后缀-ty构成。注意20,30,40,50和80的拼写。
3. 其他非整十的两位数（21-99）是由整十数加连字符“-”，再接个位数构成。
Eg. 35: thirty-five 79: seventy-nine 81: eighty-one
4. 101—999先写百位数，后加and，再写十位数和个位数。（百位与十位之间必须加and）
Eg. 108: one hundred and eight 691: six hundred and ninety-one
5. 1001及以上数字：
数字从右往左看，每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一个逗号前加thousand,倒数第二个逗号前加million，倒数第三个逗号前加billion
Eg. 1,954: one thousand nine hundred and fifty-four
712,564,301: seven hundred and twelve million five hundred and sixty-four thousand three hundred and one
812,067,331,991: eight hundred and twelve billion sixty-seven million three hundred and thirty-one thousand nine hundred and ninety-one
6. “hundreds”, “thousands”,”millions” 后加of表示大量的不确定的数目：
Eg: hundreds of people 数以百计的人 thousands of trees 成千上万的树
而表示确定的大量数目则直接用基数词，其后不加s，也不加of:
Eg: two hundred students 两百个学生 five thousand years五千年
二、 序数词
序数词用来表示数词的顺序，除特殊情况外，序数词一般都是直接在基数词后直接加后缀-th构成。（见下表）
第一到第十
第十一到第十九
第二十以上
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth

twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
hundredth
thousandth
说明：
1. 英语表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属于特殊形式：first second third
2. –ve结尾的改为fth
3. –ty结尾的改为tieth
4. 两位数以上的序数词，仅个位数部分用序数词，其余部分仍用基数词。
Eg. fifty-first(第五十一) forty-eighth(第四十八)
6. 使用序数词时一般在前面加定冠词the，如：I’m in the third grade.
但当名词前有物主代词、指示代词修饰时，the 一定要省略。如：in his third year
7. 序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。
Eg. 第一(the) first(1st) 第二(the)second(2nd) 第三(the)third(3rd)
第九十七(the)ninety-seventh(97th)
第一百零一(the)one hundred and first(101st)
8. 编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。
第三十二页：Page 32 第305房间：Room 305
第五课：Lesson Five 第12路公汽：Bus No.12
数词的用法：
1. 分数表达法：
基数词做分子，序数词作分母;当分子超过1时，分母要加“s”.
Eg: 1/5: one fifth 2/3: two thirds 1/2: one/a half
1/4: a quarter/ one fourth 3/4: three quarters/ three fourths
2. 年月日表达法：
(1)年份用基数词表达，分两位一读。
Eg: 1999: nineteen ninety-nine 2000: two thousand
2001: two thousand and one
2012: twenty twelve/ two thousand and twelve
年份前用介词in, 如：在1998年：in 1998
(2)月份名称的第一个字母都要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。
一月 January(Jan) 二月February(Feb) 三月March(Mar)
四月 April(Apr) 五月 May 六月June 七月 July
八月 August(Aug) 九月 September(Sep) 十月October(Oct)
十一月November(Nov) 十二月December(Dec)
表示在某个月，用介词in
Eg. in October in July 2003：在2003年7月
(3)日期的表达法，日期前要用介词on
on June 1st ：在六月1号 读作：on June (the) first
(4)年月日的表达法：
表示某年某月某日，按“月份+日期+年份”或以“日期+月份+年份”写，年份前加逗号隔开。年月日前面用介词on
Eg: on 15 August, 2003或on August 15th, 2003：在2003年8月15日
(5)年代和年龄表达法：
A. “in+the+数词的复数形式”，表示年代。
Eg.in the 1870s 或 in 1870’s (在19世纪70年代，读作：eighteen seventies)
B. “in+物主代词+数词的复数形式”，表示“在某人……多少岁时”
Eg. in his twenties(在他20几岁时)
3. 时刻表达法：(时刻前用介词at)
(1) 表示整点时间，后面可以加o’clock, 也可以不加o’clock
而表示非整点时间，后面绝对不能加o’clock
Eg. at nine(o’clock) 在九点
(2)非整点时间（几点几分）表达法：
A. 可用基数词按顺序表达，也可以用介词past 或to 来表达。
若分钟数少于30，用“分钟数+past+小时数”
若分钟数大于30，用“（60-分钟数）+to+(小时数+1)”
Eg. at 6:18---at six eighteen或at eighteen past six
Eg. at 8:55---at eight fifty-five或at five to nine
B. a quarter=fifteen minutes
Eg. 9:15---nine fifteen或fifteen past nine或a quarter past fifteen
Eg. 9:45---nine forty-five或fifteen to ten或a quarter to ten
4. 半数表达法：a/one half 一半 half an hour半个小时
one and a half hours=one hour and a half(一个半小时)
two and a half hours=two hours and a half（两个半小时）
课堂练习：
一、 写出下列数字
1. 62 2. 113
3. 680 4. 第85
5. 999999999999
二、 选择适当的单词填空。
1. I am the (two; second) child of my parents’.
2. Jack is in Class (Eight; Eighth).
3. There are (fourth; four) floors in the building.
4. Usually it is very cold in the (one; first) month here.
5. A man has (ten; tenth) fingers.
6. Today is the (two; second) day of the new term.
三、 用适当的数词填空。
1. ‘T’ is the letter in the word ‘Christmas’.
2. Teachers’ Day is on the of September.
3. Women’s Day is on the of March.
4. There are days in a week.
5. Autumn is the season of a year.
6. November is the month of a year.
7. Tom is nine years old. Today is his birthday.
8. There are seasons in a year.
9. New Year’s Day is the day of a year.
10. There are months in a year.
11. The month of a year is May.
12. There are minutes in an hour.
13. Half of one hundred is .
14. There are letters in English alphabet(字母表).
15. There are days in February.
课后练习：单项选择：
1. He lives in .
A. the Room 203 B. Room 203 C. 203rd Room D. 203 Room
2. There were people in the park last Sunday.
A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousand D. thousands of
3. ---Peter, how old is your father this year?
--- . And we just had a party for his birthday last weekend.
A. Fortieth; forty B. Forty; forty C. Forty; fortieth D. Fortieth; fortieth
4. There are months in a year. December is the month of the year.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth
C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth
5. We had learned about English words by the end of last term.
A. nine hundreds and forty-five B. nine hundreds of and forty-five
C. nine hundred and forty-five D. nine hundred and fourty-five
6. The farmer keeps cows on his farm.
A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds D. hundreds of
7. visitors come to China every year.
A. Thousands of B. Ten thousands C. Ten thousand of D. Thousand of
8. ---Have you seen the CCTV news on TV?
---Yes, children had a good festival on the Children’s Day.
A. millions of; sixty B. ten million; sixty
C. millions of; sixtieth D. ten millions; sixtieth
9. Father’s Day is on Sunday of June.
A. three B. third C. the third D. the three
10. The number 999 reads nine .
A. hundreds and ninety ninth B. hundreds and ninety-nine
C. hundred ninety and nine D. hundred and ninety-nine
11. The word in the word “possible” is “i”.
A. five B. second C. two D. fifth
12. ---What’s the population of China?
---It’s about .
A. thirteen billion B. one billion, three thousand million
C. twelve billion, hundred million D. one billion, three hundred million
13. ---Good news! Bill won medal in the long jump just now.
---Really? That’s his one at our sports meeting.
A. a; four B. an; fourth C. a; fourth D. an; four
14. Today is my mother’s birthday. I will buy her a gift.
A. fourteen B. fourteenth C. forty D. fortieth
15. More than two years ago, people knew little about the universe.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
课堂练习：
一、 写出下列时间（除整点外，其它时间写出两种表达方式。）
1. 4:00
6. 8:30
7. 3:45
10. 12:37
二、 翻译短语
1. 在1997年10月1日 2. 第六单元
3. six nine 4. 第三小学
5. 202室 6. eight to twelve
7 九点半 8. 第十九号大楼
9. No. Twelve Road 10. 三点一刻
三、 单项选择
1. of the boys in this school are fans of Lin Shuhao.
A. Two fifths B. Two fifth C. One thirds D. Fifths two
2. They moved to Beijing .
A. in 1980s B. in the 1980’ C. in the 1980s D. on the 1980’s
3. She is looking after a .
A. five-month-old baby B. five month old baby
C. five-months-old baby D. five-months-old baby
4. ---It’s 10:45 now, isn’t it?
---Yes, it’s .
A. fifteen past ten B. forty-five past ten C. a quarter to ten D. a quarter to eleven
5. Can you imagine what life will be like in time?
A. 20 years’ B. 20 year’s C. 20-years’ D. 20-years
6. I was born .
A. in Oct 8th, 1969 B. in 1969, Oct 8th C. on Oct 8th, 1969 D. on 1969, Oct 8th
7. ---There are sixty students in our class. And of us are boys.
---Wow! You have forty girls.
A. one fourth B. one third C. two fifths D. two thirds
8. ---There is a wrong word in Line .
---You mean it is in the line?
A. Two; two B. Two; second C. second; two D. second; second
9. About of the workers in the factory born in the .
A. two-thirds; were; 1970 B. two-third; was; 1970
C. two-thirds; were; 1970s D. two-third; was; 1970s
10. My friend gets up at in the morning.
A. half past seven B. seven past half C. past half seven D. half seven past
11. There are fifty students in our class and are boys.
A. second three B. three fifth C. two quarter D. three quarters
12. He said he was going to be free in .
A. one and a half hour B. one hour and half
C. one and half hours D. an hour and a half
13. The People’s Republic of China was founded .
A. on October the first, 1949 B. in October the first, 1949
C. on October one, 1949 D. on October first one, 1949
14 ---Which class won the match in the end?
---I’m not sure. Perhaps did.
A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three Class
15. I got a good present on my birthday.
A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth
课后练习：单项选择
1. These potatoes are for .
A. we two B. three us C. three we D. us three
2. She can’t do so much. She is only .
A. a twelve years old girl B. a twelve year’s old girl
C. a girl of twelfth D. a girl of twelve
3. Mrs Lee goes to help Mr Black .
A. once a month B. a month once C. a month one D. one a month
4. Water covers the of the earth.
A. two third B. two three C. one thirds D. two thirds
5. Look, are shouting at him.
A. hundred people B. hundreds of people C. hundred of people D. hundreds people
6. Christmas is on of December.
A. twenty-five B. the twenty-fifth C. twenty-fifth D. the twentieth fifth
7. ---How can I get to the supermarket?
---Go along this street and turn left at crossing.
A. the two B. the second C. two D. second
8. I spend yuan on this shirt.
A. ten two B. ten second C. tenth two D. twelve
9. His birthday is on .
A. 1995, April 6 B. April six, 1995 C. April 6, 1995 D. 1995, 6 April
10. ---What day is it today?
---It’s .
A. April B. Fine C. Wednesday D. Cool
一、 翻译句子
1. 20年前，Tom离开了家乡。Tom left his hometown ago.
2. 我们乘坐52路公交去故宫博物馆。
We went to the Palace Museum by .
3. 1975年3月4日皮特出生在巴黎。
Peter was born in Paris on .
4. 现在让我们把书翻到第43页。Now let’s turn to .
5. 今天是三月三日。It is the of today.
6. 下周，我们将学习第八单元。We are going to learn next week.
二、 根据问句找答语。
( ) 1. How long are you going to stay there? A. There are three.
( ) 2. How old is the boy? B. The Halloween is on October
( ) 3. What’s three plus two? C. It’s nine o’clock.
( ) 4. When is Halloween? D. He’s ten.
( ) 5. How many pictures are there on the wall? E. Eleven yuan.
( ) 6. How much is the dictionary? F. It’s April 12.
( ) 7. What’s the time? G. About one kilometer.
( ) 8. What’s the date today? H. About three days.
( ) 9. How far is the airport from here? I. Five. 3、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好习惯。
B比率分析法和比较分析法不能测算出各因素的影响程度。√
C采用约当产量比例法，分配原材料费用与分配加工费用所用的完工率都是一致的。Ｘ
C采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。错
C产品的实际生产成本包括废品损失和停工损失。√
C成本报表是对外报告的会计报表。×
C成本分析的首要程序是发现问题、分析原因。×
C成本会计的对象是指成本核算。×
C成本计算的辅助方法一般应与基本方法结合使用而不单独使用。√
C成本计算方法中的最基本的方法是分步法。X
D当车间生产多种产品时，“废品损失”、“停工损失”的借方余额，月末均直接记入该产品的产品成本
中。×
D定额法是为了简化成本计算而采用的一种成本计算方法。×
F“废品损失”账户月末没有余额。√
F废品损失是指在生产过程中发现和入库后发现的不可修复废品的生产成本和可修复废品的修复费用。Ｘ
F分步法的一个重要特点是各步骤之间要进行成本结转。(√)
G各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，可不计算月末在产品成本。错
G工资费用就是成本项目。(×)
G归集在基本生产车间的制造费用最后均应分配计入产品成本中。对
J计算计时工资费用，应以考勤记录中的工作时间记录为依据。(√)
J简化的分批法就是不计算在产品成本的分批法。(×)
J简化分批法是不分批计算在产品成本的方法。对
J加班加点工资既可能是直接计人费用，又可能是间接计人费用。√
J接生产工艺过程的特点，工业企业的生产可分为大量生产、成批生产和单件生产三种，X
K可修复废品是指技术上可以修复使用的废品。错
K可修复废品是指经过修理可以使用，而不管修复费用在经济上是否合算的废品。Ｘ
P品种法只适用于大量大批的单步骤生产的企业。×
Q企业的制造费用一定要通过“制造费用”科目核算。Ｘ
Q企业职工的医药费、医务部门、职工浴室等部门职工的工资，均应通过“应付工资”科目核算。Ｘ
S生产车间耗用的材料，全部计入“直接材料”成本项目。Ｘ
S适应生产特点和管理要求，采用适当的成本计算方法，是成本核算的基础工作。(×)
W完工产品费用等于月初在产品费用加本月生产费用减月末在产品费用。对
Y“预提费用”可能出现借方余额，其性质属于资产，实际上是待摊费用。对
Y引起资产和负债同时减少的支出是费用性支出。X
Y以应付票据去偿付购买材料的费用，是成本性支出。X
Y原材料分工序一次投入与原材料在每道工序陆续投入，其完工率的计算方法是完全一致的。Ｘ
Y运用连环替代法进行分析，即使随意改变各构成因素的替换顺序，各因素的影响结果加总后仍等于指标的总差异，因此更换各因索替换顺序，不会影响分析的结果。(×)
Z在产品品种规格繁多的情况下，应该采用分类法计算产品成本。对
Z直接生产费用就是直接计人费用。X
Z逐步结转分步法也称为计列半成品分步法。√

A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用，“制造费用”账户月末(可能有月末余额/可能有借方余额/可能有贷方余额/可能无月末余额)。
A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用的方法适用于(季节性生产企业)

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