Overhead-Crane-Training-CN(ppt文档).ppt

Drivers Training forRemote Controlled Overhead Crane遥控行车操控人员培训遥控行车操控人员培训SWL 20 mtCRANE COMPONENTSCRANE COMPONENTS 行车的组成行车的组成Live Rails Collector GearLong Travel DriveCross TravelHoist Hook BlockPMA 1234Hoist RopeMain Isolating SwitchBridgeXT CrabMotion&Protective PanelLoad Notice2CRANE DRIVERS RESPONSIBILITIESCRANE DRIVERS RESPONSIBILITIESDrivers to care for the safety of themselves and anyone working in the area of the crane操作员应关注其操作员应关注其自身自身和所有在行车工和所有在行车工作区域作区域其他人员其他人员的安全的安全Any problems with the crane to be reported immediately so that it can be fixed 应立即汇报任何有关行车的问题以便于及时应立即汇报任何有关行车的问题以便于及时修复修复行车操作员的责任行车操作员的责任3CHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerCHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerCHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerCHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerBefore Switching On the Main SwitchBefore Switching On the Main SwitchMake sure the main switch is off and place your tag on it确认主开关是确认主开关是断开的并挂牌断开的并挂牌Make sure the bridge is clear and inspect the crane for loose material确认大梁上无杂物并检查有无松确认大梁上无杂物并检查有无松动部件动部件检查表检查表检查表检查表在接通电源前在接通电源前在接通电源前在接通电源前在合上主开关前在合上主开关前4Check that the hoist ropes are positioned correctly on the drum and sheaves检查吊绳是否正确的位于卷筒和滑轮上检查吊绳是否正确的位于卷筒和滑轮上When the hook block is fully lowered,ensure there is a minimum of 2 turns of hoist rope on the drum当吊钩在最低处时，确认在卷筒上至少还有两圈吊绳当吊钩在最低处时，确认在卷筒上至少还有两圈吊绳CHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerCHECKLIST Before Switching On Power检查表检查表在接通电源前在接通电源前5And any obvious mechanical problem to be reported to your supervisor immediately任何明显的机械问任何明显的机械问题应立即向你的主题应立即向你的主管汇报管汇报After making these checks and if everything is clear,switch on the main isolating switch,remove your tag and press the start button在做过以上检查后如果没有问题，合上主分断开关，在做过以上检查后如果没有问题，合上主分断开关，移去你的挂牌，按下启动按钮移去你的挂牌，按下启动按钮CHECKLIST Before Switching On PowerCHECKLIST Before Switching On Power检查表检查表在接通电源前在接通电源前6Hoist Motor Tripped卷扬马达跳闸卷扬马达跳闸The Full current Hoist Limit Switch卷扬限位开关卷扬限位开关Full current Limit Switch Tripped卷扬限位开关跳闸卷扬限位开关跳闸CHECKLIST After Switching On PowerCHECKLIST After Switching On Power检查表检查表检查表检查表合上电源后合上电源后合上电源后合上电源后7Shunt Limit Switch 分流限制开关分流限制开关Level Bar水平棒水平棒 Full current Limit Switch 过电流限制开关过电流限制开关Hoist Motor卷扬马达卷扬马达Any Problem Notify Your Supervisor任何问题，通知任何问题，通知你的主管你的主管XYCHECKLIST After Switching On PowerCHECKLIST After Switching On Power检查表检查表检查表检查表合上电源后合上电源后合上电源后合上电源后Normal Operation of Full Current Limit Switch过电流限制开关的正常运行过电流限制开关的正常运行8 500 mm 500 mmBrake TestBrake Test制动装置测试制动装置测试制动装置测试制动装置测试CHECKLIST After Switching On PowerCHECKLIST After Switching On Power检查表检查表合上电源后合上电源后Heavy Load重物重物9LIFTING HAZARD 提升危险提升危险Keep Fingers Clear When Lifting在提升时小心你在提升时小心你的手指的手指10Dont Stand Under Loads 不要站在重物下面不要站在重物下面LIFTING HAZARD 提升危险提升危险11TO RAISE THE LOADTO RAISE THE LOAD 提升重物提升重物Ensure The Hoist Hook Block Is Directly Above The Load 确保卷扬吊钩直接在确保卷扬吊钩直接在重物上方重物上方SWL 6TPMA 123412SAFE OPERATION OF CRANESAFE OPERATION OF CRANE 行车的安全操作行车的安全操作Avoid Creating A Swinging Motion On The Load Whilst Handling 在负荷运行时避免产生摆动在负荷运行时避免产生摆动SWL 6TPMA 1234Chase&Catch a swinging load跟随并抓住摆跟随并抓住摆动的负荷动的负荷13PARKING THE CRANEPARKING THE CRANE 停止行车运行停止行车运行2.Remove the load from the hook从吊钩上移去重从吊钩上移去重物物3.Press the STOP button按下停止按钮按下停止按钮4.Switch off power at the main isolating switch断开主分断开断开主分断开关关1.Park at designed location 在设计的地方停止在设计的地方停止 2.5m14LIFTING FLAT PRODUCTSLIFTING FLAT PRODUCTS 提升板材提升板材15USING EYEBOLTS USING EYEBOLTS 使用吊环螺栓使用吊环螺栓16LIFTING LONG LOOSE BUNDLELIFTING LONG LOOSE BUNDLE 提升长而松散物品提升长而松散物品 Pair of Double Wrap Basket Hitches两头使用双两头使用双股捆邦股捆邦Single Double Wrap Basket Hitch单一双股捆邦单一双股捆邦Choker hitches are unsuitable for long loose bundleChoker hitches不适合用于长而不适合用于长而松散物品松散物品17GENERAL VISUAL SIGNAL GENERAL VISUAL SIGNAL 常用视觉信号常用视觉信号RAISE提升提升18GENERAL VISUAL SIGNALGENERAL VISUAL SIGNAL 常用视觉信号常用视觉信号INCH挪动挪动LOWER向下向下TRAVEL移动移动STOP停止停止19INSPECTION OF SLINGS INSPECTION OF SLINGS 吊索的检查吊索的检查20Open the rope for inside inspection打开绳索进行内部检查INSPECTION OF SLINGSINSPECTION OF SLINGS 吊索的检查吊索的检查21Select The Correct Slings选择正确吊索选择正确吊索Do Not Drag Sling from Beneath A Load不要在有负荷不要在有负荷情况下拖动吊情况下拖动吊索索Ensure Load Is Correctly Slang确认负荷正确确认负荷正确地吊装地吊装No Loose Items&Pack Sharp Edges没有松动和锋利边没有松动和锋利边缘缘GENERAL INFORMATIONGENERAL INFORMATION 一般信息一般信息22When Shortening A Sling Use A Back Hook.Do Not Tie Up要缩短吊索时要缩短吊索时使用后备的链钩使用后备的链钩不要打结不要打结Before Taking The Weight Make Sure Chain Links Are Straight在提升重物时确在提升重物时确认链条是直的认链条是直的USE OF LIFTING CHAINUSE OF LIFTING CHAIN 使用提升链条使用提升链条23Always Use An Approved Link When Using Chain Sling在使用链条吊在使用链条吊索时要使用认索时要使用认可的连接可的连接Faulty Chain Due To Being Stretched(sign of overloading)链条因为伸链条因为伸长而失效长而失效（过载信号）（过载信号）Unapproved welded mild steel link of no known SWL在不知道在不知道SWL下使用没有认可下使用没有认可的焊接过的连接的焊接过的连接Herc-Alloy link of known SWL在知道在知道SWL下使下使用用Herc-Alloy 连连接接MasterlinkUSE OF LIFTING CHAINUSE OF LIFTING CHAIN 使用提升链条使用提升链条24MENYAMBUNGKAN RANTAIMENYAMBUNGKAN RANTAIHammerlock Shackle锁臂束缚物Shackle 束缚物D ShackleD束缚物Bow ShackleBow束缚物You Are Prohibited To Repair or Modify Lifting Equipment You Are Prohibited To Repair or Modify Lifting Equipment/Accessories/Accessories禁止修复禁止修复禁止修复禁止修复/更改提升设备更改提升设备更改提升设备更改提升设备/附件附件附件附件All modification and repair works can ONLY be done by certified All modification and repair works can ONLY be done by certified personnelpersonnel只有有资质的人员才能从事更改和修复工作只有有资质的人员才能从事更改和修复工作只有有资质的人员才能从事更改和修复工作只有有资质的人员才能从事更改和修复工作25CORRECT&INCORECT USE OF EYEBOLTSCORRECT&INCORECT USE OF EYEBOLTS正确和非正确地使用吊环螺栓正确和非正确地使用吊环螺栓LOADLOADLOADLOAD26LOAD STABILITY LOAD STABILITY 负荷稳定性负荷稳定性27Dragging From Beneath Load在负荷之在负荷之下拖动下拖动Knotted To Shorten打结用来缩打结用来缩短短Knotted To Form Eye打结形成打结形成 鱼鱼眼状眼状Improper Joining不正确连接不正确连接Water or Rusty Steel水或生锈钢水或生锈钢铁铁AshesChemical化学品化学品ABUSE TO BE AVOIDEDABUSE TO BE AVOIDED 避免不正当的使用避免不正当的使用28The Most Common Abuse To Sling IsThe Most Common Abuse To Sling Is吊索最常见的不正当使用是吊索最常见的不正当使用是吊索最常见的不正当使用是吊索最常见的不正当使用是.Leaving sling on the floor for trucks and other machine to run over them吊索放在地上被车辆或其它机械吊索放在地上被车辆或其它机械压过压过NOT PACKING the corners没有包装的角没有包装的角29Formula or Rule of Thumb To Formula or Rule of Thumb To Calculate The SWL of Calculate The SWL of Ropes and ChainsRopes and Chains公式或拇指法则用来计算绳索或链条的公式或拇指法则用来计算绳索或链条的SWLSWLSAFE WORKING LOAD(SWL)SAFE WORKING LOAD(SWL)落安全工作负荷（落安全工作负荷（SWLSWL）30MEASUREMENTS MEASUREMENTS 测量测量 All diameters Are Measured In All diameters Are Measured In MilimetresMilimetres (mm)(mm)所有直径用所有直径用MMMM来测量来测量All Weight Are Calculated In All Weight Are Calculated In Kilograms(kg)Kilograms(kg)所有重量用所有重量用KgKg来计算来计算31Diameter in mm squared=The Weight in KgDiameter in mm squared=The Weight in Kg(Diameter)(Diameter)2 2=SWL Kg =SWL Kg Example:For a 12mm diameter rope.Example:For a 12mm diameter rope.Example:For a 12mm diameter rope.Example:For a 12mm diameter rope.SWL=12 x 12 SWL=12 x 12=144 Kg.=144 Kg.FORMULA SWL FORMULA SWL FibreFibre Rope RopeSWLSWLSWLSWL公式公式公式公式纤维绳索纤维绳索纤维绳索纤维绳索SWL=D232FORMULA SIZE-FORMULA SIZE-FibreFibre Rope Rope尺寸公式尺寸公式纤维绳索纤维绳索Choosing the correct rope for the loadChoosing the correct rope for the loadFibreFibre Rope Square Root of Weight Rope Square Root of Weight Example:Example:Example:Example:900 Kg Load 900 Kg Load Rope diameter=Rope diameter=900 900=30 mm=30 mm336 x 19(6 Strands X19 Wires).6 x 19(6 Strands X19 Wires).6 x 19(6 Strands X19 Wires).6 x 19(6 Strands X19 Wires).6 x 24(6 Strands X 24 Wires).6 x 24(6 Strands X 24 Wires).6 x 24(6 Strands X 24 Wires).6 x 24(6 Strands X 24 Wires).6 x 37(6 Strands X 37 Wires).6 x 37(6 Strands X 37 Wires).6 x 37(6 Strands X 37 Wires).6 x 37(6 Strands X 37 Wires).WIRE ROPE CONSTRUCTIONWIRE ROPE CONSTRUCTION金属绳索结构金属绳索结构StrandStrandWireWireFibreFibre Core Core股钢丝纤维绳芯348 Times Stronger Than 8 Times Stronger Than FibreFibre.(Diameter)(Diameter)2 2 X X 8 8=SWL Kg=SWL Kg Example:For a steel wire rope of 15mm diameterExample:For a steel wire rope of 15mm diameterExample:For a steel wire rope of 15mm diameterExample:For a steel wire rope of 15mm diameterSWL=15 X 15 X SWL=15 X 15 X 8 8 =1800 Kg=1800 KgFORMULA SWL Steel Wire RopeFORMULA SWL Steel Wire RopeSWLSWLSWLSWL公式公式公式公式钢丝绳索钢丝绳索钢丝绳索钢丝绳索SWL=8D235FORMULA SIZE Steel Wire RopeFORMULA SIZE Steel Wire Rope尺寸公式尺寸公式钢丝绳索钢丝绳索Square Root of the Load Divide by 8Square Root of the Load Divide by 8Example:5000 Kg load=5000 8=625=25 mmThe diameter of steel wire ropeSWL=8D23610%OF THE WIRES BROKEN10%OF THE WIRES BROKEN IN A LENGTH OF EIGHT TIMESIN A LENGTH OF EIGHT TIMES THE DIAMETERTHE DIAMETER在绳索直径在绳索直径8 8倍长度内有倍长度内有10%10%的金属线的金属线破损破损STEEL WIRE ROPE DESCARDING FACTORSTEEL WIRE ROPE DESCARDING FACTOR钢丝绳索废弃因素钢丝绳索废弃因素37Example:6 X 19 Construction 20mm Diameter6 X 19=114 wires6 X 19=114 wires10%of 114 wires=1110%of 114 wires=118 X 20 MM=160 MM8 X 20 MM=160 MM11 WIRES BROKEN OVER A LENGTH 11 WIRES BROKEN OVER A LENGTH OF 160 MM DISCARD SLINGOF 160 MM DISCARD SLINGSTEEL WIRE ROPE DESCARDING FACTORSTEEL WIRE ROPE DESCARDING FACTOR钢丝绳索废弃因素钢丝绳索废弃因素钢丝绳索废弃因素钢丝绳索废弃因素12345678910111238Nine Times Stronger Than Nine Times Stronger Than FibreFibre(Diameter)(Diameter)2 2 X X 9 9=SWL(Kg)=SWL(Kg)ContohContoh:GarispusatGarispusat=18mm=18mmSWL=18 x 18 x SWL=18 x 18 x 9 9 =2916 Kg=2916 KgFORMULA SWL-Chain Grade 30FORMULA SWL-Chain Grade 30SWLSWL公式公式3030等级的链条等级的链条SWL=9D239Grade 30 Chain=Grade 30 Chain=9 9 Times Stronger Than Times Stronger Than FibreFibre Rope RopeGrade 40 Chain=Grade 40 Chain=1212 Times Stronger Than Times Stronger Than FibreFibre Rope Rope Grade 60 Chain=Grade 60 Chain=1818 Times Stronger Than Times Stronger Than FibreFibre Rope Rope Grade 80 Chain=Grade 80 Chain=2424 Times Stronger Than Times Stronger Than FibreFibre Rope Rope Formula For Different GradesFormula For Different Grades0.3 X Diameter0.3 X Diameter0.3 X Diameter0.3 X Diameter2 2 2 2 MM X Grade of Chain MM X Grade of Chain MM X Grade of Chain MM X Grade of ChainOr SWL=0.3 x DOr SWL=0.3 x DOr SWL=0.3 x DOr SWL=0.3 x D2 2 2 2 x Grade x Grade x Grade x GradeFORMULA SWL-FORMULA SWL-RantaiRantai GredGred PelbagaiPelbagai40Square Root of The Weight(Kg)Square Root of The Weight(Kg)Divide By The Grade of ChainDivide By The Grade of ChainExample Example:Weight=5400 Kg&Grade=40Weight=5400 Kg&Grade=40 FORMULA SIZE FORMULA SIZE Chain of Different GradeChain of Different GradeChain of Different GradeChain of Different Grade尺寸公式尺寸公式尺寸公式尺寸公式不同等级的链条不同等级的链条不同等级的链条不同等级的链条W=12D2Diameter of Chain=Weight 0.3 X Grade =5400 0.3 X 40 =21.2 mm41SLING ANGLESLING ANGLE300 600 900LOAD FACTORLOAD FACTOR1.931.731.41LOAD FACTOR 2 SLINGS AT AN ANGLELOAD FACTOR 2 SLINGS AT AN ANGLE2 2个吊索在同一角度下的负荷系数个吊索在同一角度下的负荷系数42COMPARATIVE METHODS OF SLINGING.COMPARATIVE METHODS OF SLINGING.吊装方法的比较吊装方法的比较100%Full50%Half66.7%Third200%Double200%Double2 X 100%1.731.411.03003004504506006006009001200Not RecommendedUse A Lifting Beam43FULL WRAP FULL WRAP 完全缠绕完全缠绕1800 KG1800 KG1800 KG1800 KG1200 KG1200 KG1200 KG1200 KG900 KG900 KG900 KG900 KGSWLSWLStraight LiftSquare Load Load Factor Reduced By HalfRound Load Load Factor Reduced By Third44Everyone in the immediate vicinity is clear of the load&aware that the load is being moved所有直接相今的人员应清楚地知道负荷并意识到负荷地移所有直接相今的人员应清楚地知道负荷并意识到负荷地移动动Gently take up the slack before lifting在提升前逐渐收紧在提升前逐渐收紧Operate controls slowly&gradually操作控制要平稳操作控制要平稳If load swing,“chase”and“catch”the load如果负荷摆动，如果负荷摆动，“追赶追赶”和和“抓住抓住”负荷负荷Never leave a suspended load unattended,even for short period不要让悬浮负荷不受看管，哪怕只是很短的时间不要让悬浮负荷不受看管，哪怕只是很短的时间Nobody stands under the load没有人站在负荷下没有人站在负荷下Raise hook or load sufficiently to avoid collision with other objects during horizontal movement在水平方向移动时，要小心地提升挂钩或负荷以避免碰撞在水平方向移动时，要小心地提升挂钩或负荷以避免碰撞到其它物体到其它物体Do NOT use“end stop”to stop the crane-continuous impact may weaken the“stop”and cause de-railing不要使用不要使用“终点档板终点档板”来停止行车来停止行车连续地冲撞会削弱连续地冲撞会削弱“档板档板”并引起脱轨并引起脱轨SUMMARY SUMMARY Operating ProcedureOperating ProcedureOperating ProcedureOperating Procedure总结总结总结总结运行程序运行程序运行程序运行程序45Always lift load using centre of hook使用挂钩中部来提升负荷使用挂钩中部来提升负荷Always place hook directly above the loads centre始终将挂钩置于负荷中心的上方始终将挂钩置于负荷中心的上方Never place hook block on the ground or load不要将挂钩放在地面或负荷上不要将挂钩放在地面或负荷上When traveling with load,accelerate&brake gently当移动负荷时，平稳地加速和停止当移动负荷时，平稳地加速和停止Travel with load as close to ground as possible&keep speed to a minimum尽可能贴近地面移动负荷并保持最低速度尽可能贴近地面移动负荷并保持最低速度Have unobstructed view of load,chaser&work area有良好的视线观察负荷，看护人员和工作区域有良好的视线观察负荷，看护人员和工作区域Work only at areas that are well illuminated在光线良好的地方工作在光线良好的地方工作When walking with a load,walk behind and beside the load.Guide load with palm of the hand and do NOT hold the slings当和负荷一起行走时，走在负荷的后面和旁边。用手掌扶着负荷，但不当和负荷一起行走时，走在负荷的后面和旁边。用手掌扶着负荷，但不要抓住吊索要抓住吊索Beware of all hazards-assess&plan your lift清楚所有的危险清楚所有的危险评估和计划提升评估和计划提升SUMMARY SUMMARY Operating ProcedureOperating ProcedureOperating ProcedureOperating Procedure总结总结总结总结运行程序运行程序运行程序运行程序46Suspended load must not be left untended禁止松开悬浮负荷禁止松开悬浮负荷Lower load and remove sling(s)from hook放低负荷从挂历钩上移去吊索放低负荷从挂历钩上移去吊索Raise hook to a safe level(2.5 meters)升起挂钩到安全高度（升起挂钩到安全高度（2.5M）Remove all slings and other lifting gears from the load and store them appropriately从负荷移去所有吊索和其它提升齿轮，并将它们适从负荷移去所有吊索和其它提升齿轮，并将它们适当地保存当地保存Switch the remote unit off and place it in a safe or designated position关掉摇控装置并放在安全或设计的位置关掉摇控装置并放在安全或设计的位置If its a Full Shut Down,switch off the main isolator and apply equipment lock如果完全停止，关闭主分断开关并使用设备锁如果完全停止，关闭主分断开关并使用设备锁Position crane at its designated parking bay and clear of any obstructions将行车停在设计的停止地方并扫除所有阻碍物将行车停在设计的停止地方并扫除所有阻碍物Notify your Line Leader or Supervisor of any irregularities向你的线长或主管汇报任何异常情况向你的线长或主管汇报任何异常情况SUMMARY SUMMARY Shutdown ProcedureShutdown ProcedureShutdown ProcedureShutdown Procedure总结总结总结总结运行程序运行程序运行程序运行程序47