英汉视译素材.pptx

Steve Jobs:How to live before you dieThankyou.Imhonoredtobewithyoutodayforyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Truthbetold,InevergraduatedfromcollegeandthisistheclosestIveevergottentoacollegegraduation.TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.Thatsit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.Thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.IdroppedoutofReedCollegeafterthefirstsixmonthsbutthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanothereighteenmonthsorsobeforeIreallyquit.SowhydidIdropout?ItstartedbeforeIwasborn.Mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,unwedgraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.ShefeltverystronglythatIshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife,exceptthatwhenIpoppedout,theydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.Somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking,Wevegotanunexpectedbabyboy.Doyouwanthim?Theysaid,Ofcourse.Mybiologicalmotherfoundoutlaterthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfromcollegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.Sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.SheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthatIwouldgotocollege.Thiswasthestartinmylife.Andseventeenyearslater,Ididgotocollege,butInaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford,andallofmyworking-classparentssavingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition.Aftersixmonths,Icouldntseethevalueinit.IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylife,andnoideaofhowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout,andhereIwas,spendingallthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutOK.Itwasprettyscaryatthetime,butlookingback,itwasoneofthebestdecisionsIevermade.TheminuteIdroppedout,Icouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidntinterestmeandbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedfarmoreinteresting.Itwasntallromantic.Ididnthaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriendsrooms.IreturnedCokebottlesforthefive-centdepositstobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalkthesevenmilesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHareKrishnatemple.Ilovedit.AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityandintuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.Letmegiveyouoneexample.ReedCollegeatthattimeofferedperhapsthebestcalligraphyinstructioninthecountry.Throughoutthecampuseveryposter,everylabeloneverydrawerwasbeautifullyhand-calligraphed.BecauseIhaddroppedoutanddidnthavetotakethenormalclasses,Idecidedtotakeacalligraphyclasstolearnhowtodothis.Ilearnedaboutserifandsans-seriftypefaces,aboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,aboutwhatmakesgreattypographygreat.Itwasbeautiful,historical,artisticallysubtleinawaythatsciencecantcapture,andIfounditfascinating.Noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.ButtenyearslaterwhenweweredesigningthefirstMacintoshcomputer,itallcamebacktome,andwedesigneditallintotheMac.Itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,theMacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts,andsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.IfIhadneverdroppedout,Iwouldhaveneverdroppedinonthatcalligraphyclassandpersonalscomputersmightnothavethewonderfultypographythattheydo.OfcourseitwasimpossibletoconnectthedotslookingforwardwhenIwasincollege,butitwasvery,veryclearlookingbackwards10yearslater.Again,youcantconnectthedotslookingforward.Youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards,soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.Youhavetotrustinsomething-yourgut,destiny,life,karma,whatever-becausebelievingthatthedotswillconnectdowntheroadwillgiveyoutheconfidencetofollowyourheart,evenwhenitleadsyouoffthewell-wornpath,andthatwillmakeallthedifference.Mysecondstoryisaboutloveandloss.Iwaslucky.IfoundwhatIlovedtodoearlyinlife.WozandIstartedAppleinmyparentsgaragewhenIwastwenty.Weworkedhardandintenyears,Applehadgrownfromjustthetwoofusinagarageintoa$2billioncompanywithover4,000employees.Wedjustreleasedourfinestcreation,theMacintosh,ayearearlier,andIdjustturnedthirty,andthenIgotfired.Howcanyougetfiredfromacompanyyoustarted?Well,asApplegrew,wehiredsomeonewhoIthoughtwasverytalentedtorunthecompanywithme,andforthefirstyearorso,thingswentwell.Butthenourvisionsofthefuturebegantodiverge,andeventuallywehadafallingout.Whenwedid,ourboardofdirectorssidedwithhim,andsoatthirty,Iwasout,andverypubliclyout.Whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.Ireallydidntknowwhattodoforafewmonths.IfeltthatIhadletthepreviousgenerationofentrepreneursdown,thatIhaddroppedthebatonasitwasbeingpassedtome.ImetwithDavidPackardandBobNoyceandtriedtoapologizeforscrewingupsobadly.IwasaverypublicfailureandIeventhoughtaboutrunningawayfromtheValley.Butsomethingslowlybegantodawnonme.IstilllovedwhatIdid.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.IdbeenrejectedbutIwasstillinlove.AndsoIdecidedtostartover.Ididntseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromApplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsinmylife.DuringthenextfiveyearsIstartedacompanynamedNeXT,anothercompanynamedPixarandfellinlovewithanamazingwomanwhowouldbecomemywife.Pixarwentontocreatetheworldsfirstcomputer-animatedfeaturefilm,ToyStory,andisnowthemostsuccessfulanimationstudiointheworld.Inaremarkableturnofevents,AppleboughtNeXTandIreturnedtoAppleandthetechnologywedevelopedatNeXTisattheheartofApplescurrentrenaissance,andLoreneandIhaveawonderfulfamilytogether.ImprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifIhadntbeenfiredfromApple.Itwasawful-tastingmedicinebutIguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifesgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Dontlosefaith.ImconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.Youvegottofindwhatyoulove,andthatisastrueforworkasitisforyourlovers.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaventfoundityet,keeplooking,anddontsettle.Aswithallmattersoftheheart,youllknowwhenyoufindit,andlikeanygreatrelationshipitjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.Sokeeplooking.Dontsettle.Mythirdstoryisaboutdeath.WhenIwas17IreadaquotethatwentsomethinglikeIfyouliveeachdayasifitwasyourlast,somedayyoullmostcertainlyberight.Itmadeanimpressiononme,andsincethen,forthepast33years,Ihavelookedinthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself,Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife,wouldIwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday?Andwhenevertheanswerhasbeennofortoomanydaysinarow,IknowIneedtochangesomething.RememberingthatIllbedeadsoonisthemostimportantthingIveeverencounteredtohelpmemakethebigchoicesinlife,becausealmosteverything-allexternalexpectations,allpride,allfearofembarrassmentorfailure-thesethingsjustfallawayinthefaceofdeath,leavingonlywhatistrulyimportant.RememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.Youarealreadynaked.Thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.Aboutayearago,Iwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Ihadascanat7:30inthemorninganditclearlyshowedatumoronmypancreas.Ididntevenknowwhatapancreaswas.Thedoctorstoldmethiswasalmostcertainlyatypeofcancerthatisincurable,andthatIshouldexpecttolivenolongerthanthreetosixmonths.Mydoctoradvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairsinorder,whichisdoctorscodeforpreparetodie.Itmeanstotryandtellyourkidseverythingyouthoughtyoudhavethenexttenyearstotellthem,injustafewmonths.Itmeanstomakesurethateverythingisbuttonedupsothatitwillbeaseasyaspossibleforyourfamily.Itmeanstosayyourgoodbyes.Ilivedwiththatdiagnosisallday.LaterthateveningIhadabiopsywheretheystuckanendoscopedownmythroat,throughmystomachintomyintestines,putaneedleintomypancreasandgotafewcellsfromthetumor.Iwassedatedbutmywife,whowasthere,toldmethatwhentheyviewedthecellsunderamicroscope,thedoctorstartedcrying,becauseitturnedouttobeaveryrareformofpancreaticcancerthatiscurablewithsurgery.Ihadthesurgeryand,thankfully,Iamfinenow.ThiswastheclosestIvebeentofacingdeath,andIhopeitstheclosestIgetforafewmoredecades.Havinglivedthroughit,Icannowsaythistoyouwithabitmorecertaintythanwhendeathwasausefulbutpurelyintellectualconcept.Noonewantstodie,evenpeoplewhowanttogotoHeavendontwanttodietogetthere,andyet,deathisthedestinationweallshare.Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe,becausedeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionoflife.Itslifeschangeagent;itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.rightnow,thenewisyou.Butsomeday,nottoolongfromnow,youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.Sorrytobesodramatic,butitsquitetrue.Yourtimeislimited,sodontwasteitlivingsomeoneelseslife.Dontbetrappedbydogma,whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeoplesthinking.Dontletthenoiseofothersopinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice,heartandintuition.Theysomehowalreadyknowwhatyoutrulywanttobecome.Everythingelseissecondary.WhenIwasyoung,therewasanamazingpublicationcalledTheWholeEarthCatalogue,whichwasoneofthebiblesofmygeneration.ItwascreatedbyafellownamedStuartBrandnotfarfromhereinMenloPark,andhebroughtittolifewithhispoetictouch.ThiswasinthelateSixties,beforepersonalcomputersanddesktoppublishing,soitwasallmadewithtypewriters,scissors,andPolaroidcameras.ItwassortoflikeGoogleinpaperbackformthirty-fiveyearsbeforeGooglecamealong.Itwasidealistic,overflowingwithneattoolsandgreatnotions.StuartandhisteamputoutseveralissuesofTheWholeEarthCatalogue,andthenwhenithadrunitscourse,theyputoutafinalissue.Itwasthemid-SeventiesandIwasyourage.Onthebackcoveroftheirfinalissuewasaphotographofanearlymorningcountryroad,thekindyoumightfindyourselfhitchhikingonifyouweresoadventurous.Beneathwerethewords,Stayhungry,stayfoolish.Itwastheirfarewellmessageastheysignedoff.Stayhungry,stayfoolish.AndIhavealwayswishedthatformyself,andnow,asyougraduatetobeginanew,Iwishthatforyou.Stayhungry,stayfoolish.Thankyouall,verymuch.Thank you all,very much