机械制造与自动化毕业设计建筑模型设计与加工.doc

毕业设计设计题目：建筑模型设计与加工专 业：机械制造与自动化 班 级：09级机械试点班 姓 名： 指导教师 ： 设计时间：2011年10月1011月11 目录板块一：摘 要 （绪论）1. 课题背景2. 设计内容板块二：建立电火花线切割加工概念1. 数控电火花线切割加工机床的基本组成2. 慢速走丝与快速走丝线切割机床的主要区别3. 电火花线切割加工的原理4. 正确使用数控电火花线切割机床的外部必备条件板块三：工艺规程设计1. 分析项目图纸2. 选择工艺基准和工艺3. 电极丝的调整板块四：电火花线切割加工工件1. 装夹工件2. 工件的调整3. 线切割机床操作前准备4. 线切割机床加工操作流程板块五：分析零件质量1. 分析的方法步骤2. 快走丝线切割机床影响切割精度的几个主要方面3. 关于切割条纹起因和措施4. 关于切割工件表面粗糙度差的原因和对策5. 快速线切割机床加工过程中断丝原因分析6. 解决断丝问题的方法板块六：设计总结版块七：致谢老师板块一：摘要绪论制造业是国家经济发展的基础和支柱，制造技术是制造业赖以发展的支撑，是发展竞争优势的有力武器。21世纪是以知识经济和信息社会为特征的时代，制造业正面临着知识、信息、环境和资源的严重挑战，因此，制造业必须使用新技术、新材料和新工艺来满足不断变化的市场需求。本项目我们就通过完成压块零件的加工来学习一门新技术电火花线切割加工。对于快走丝线切割，电极丝的损耗也是一项重要的指标，要降低电极丝的损耗首先必须减少放电过程中离子对电极丝的轰击作用，并尽量减少电极丝对放电能量的吸收，这就需电极丝表面能快速汽化，使电极丝表面在得到冷却的同时把热能释放回放电通道内，形成汽化压力，从而提高对蚀除产物的排除能力，因此只有保持极间均匀冷却作用才可使工作介质在电极丝表面形成一层吸附膜，以减缓正离子对电极丝有轰击作用，同时通过工作介质自身的挥发带走大量的热量，以降低电极丝的损耗并提高其耐用度。课题背景由于大学三年即将毕业，为了检验我们在校期间的学习成果，学院交给我们一项设计任务，希望我们提高自身的操作水平，增长实践经验，为了以后更好的在社会上发展打下了基础。设计内容运用数控线切割机床，做一个工艺品（两个三层塔，中间有两个桥连接，两边各有一个桥），使我们掌握数控线切割机床，并达到熟练应用。板块二：建立电火花线切割加工概念数控电火花线切割加工机床的基本组成数控电火花线切割加工机床可分为机床主机和控制柜两大部分。（1） 控制柜：控制柜中装有控制系统和自动编程系统，能在控制柜中进行自动编程和对机床坐标工作台的运动进行数字控制。（2） 机床主机：机床主机主要包括坐标工作台、运丝机构、丝架、冷却系统和床身五个部分。慢速走丝与快速走丝线切割机床的主要区别电火花线切割加工原理电火花切割时，电极丝和工件之间进行脉冲放电。电极丝接脉冲电源的负极，工件接脉冲电源的正极。当接受一脉冲电压时，在电极丝和工件之间产生一次火花放电，在放电通道的中心瞬时温度可高达10000以上，高温使工件金属融化，甚至有少量气化，高温也使电极丝和工件之间的工作液部分产生气化，这些气化后的工作液和金属蒸汽瞬间迅速膨胀，并具有爆炸的特性。这种热膨胀和局部微爆炸抛出融化和气化的金属材料而实现对工件材料进行电蚀切割加工。数控快走丝线切割机床的参数及工艺水平产品型号CTW320TB工作台尺寸mm630440XY工作台行程mm40320最大切削厚度mm300最大切削锥度/h=100mm30电极丝速度m/sec1.711.8加工精度mm小于等于0.015最佳表面粗糙度Ra/umRa小于等于2.5重复定位精度(mm)0.02最大切学速度mm2/min大于等于100正确使用数控电火花线切割机床的外部必备条件电源外接电源为三相50HZ380V。加工时的电压波动绝对值10一般需自备稳压电源。工作液必须使用线切割机床专用工作液工作环境机床工作环境需无尘、干燥，无震动、无腐蚀、无大功率电器设备干扰，光线充足，通风良好，室内温度应控制在5C-35C范围内。板块三：工艺规程设计分析项目绘出以下图纸,产生3B代码： 程序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. 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