牛津9AU3知识点.doc

9AUnit3 Teenage problems
一、 难点解析
Words
1.teenage(adj.)青少年的teenager(n.)青少年
2.mark n. 分数marks(pl.) full marks满分 high marks高分 low marks 低分
3.mad adj.发疯的；生气的drive sb. mad使某人受不了 be mad at生……的气
4.perhaps adv. 或许，可能，多用于句首，指有礼貌地提出请求或建议等。
5. deal vi. deal-dealt-dealt对付，处理how to deal with…=what to do with…怎样处理……
6. imagine vt. vi. 想象；设想 imagine sth. imagine doing sth.
7. worth adj.值得；值…钱be (well) worth(doing) something
8. suggestion n. 建议 用作可数名词 many suggestions
advice也意为“建议”，常用作不可数名词a piece of advice
9. strict adj. 严格的，严厉的be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 be strict in sth.对某事严格
10. silence n.安静；寂静；沉默 不可数名词 in silence安静地 keep silence保持沉默
silent adj.安静的；沉默的
11.worry n.担心的；令人担忧的事，表示具体的令人担忧的事为可数名词。
v. worry about adj. be worried about
12.reply n.答复，回答 复数为replies v. reply to
13. progress n. 进展，进步 不可数名词 make (much) progress
14.pronounce v.发音 pronunciation n.
15.be of sb’s age与……同龄 at the age of在……岁时 for ages 多年
Wele to the unit
1. What’s wrong, Eddie?
What’s wrong (with…)? =What’s the matter (with…)?
e.g.-What’s wrong, Jim? -I left my umbrella on the bus.
-What’s wrong with the bus? -It’s broken.
2. I’m getting fat. (get为系动词+adj.)
e.g. It’s getting hotter and hotter.
3. You eat too much.
too much 太多，修饰不可数名词 too many 太多，修饰可数名词
much too 太……，修饰形容词
4. Why not eat less and exercise (v.) more?
可数名词，意为“操；习题”do morning/eye exercises
不可数名词，意为“锻炼”e.g. You can try your best and enjoy the exercise.
5. The TV is always on at my home. be on（adv.） 意为“开着的”
e.g. Don’t leave the lights on.
副词on 构成的短语还有turn on; move on; put on
6. The noise almost drives me mad.
noise n. noisy adj. noisier noisily adv. more noisily
固定结构drive/make sb. mad (drive-drove-driven)
Reading
1.I do not know how I should deal with it. 我不知道我该如何处理它。
deal with sth. 处理某事物
how to deal with ..意为“如何处理”，与what to do with…意思相近
e.g. I don’t know how to deal with the rubbish.= I don’t know what to do with the rubbish.
我不知道如何处理这些垃圾。
2. I have a lot homework everyday, and I have no choice but to do it.
choice n. 作“选择”解时，是不可数。作“供选择的人或事物”解时，是可数。
make a choice choose v.选择 choose to do sth.选择做某事 choose ab. as/to be选某人当
choice表示“选择权,选择的可能性”，have no choice but to do…意思是“别无选择只能……”
e.g. The little girl had no choice but to ask her mother for help/for mother’s help.
这个小女孩没有其他办法，只能去找妈妈帮忙。
3. I often have to stay up late.我经常不得不熬夜到很迟。
stay up 熬夜 stay up late 熬夜到很迟 stay away from  不要靠近；避开
stay out 待在户外；(晚上)不回家
e.g. I stayed up last night, so I am very tired now. 我昨天晚上熬夜了，所以现在很累。
4. Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day. 然后我有时发现第二天保持清醒很困难。
awake adj. 醒着的 通常用在系动词be的后面作表语。
e.g. My grandfather was awake all night. 我祖父整晚都醒着。
作定语时通常放在被修饰词之后。
e.g. Mary is the only person awake now.玛丽是现在唯一醒着的人。
wake是动词，意为“叫醒”，通常与up连用。
e.g. It’s time for lunch. Go and wake up your father. 午餐时间到了。去叫醒你爸爸。
5. I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball and music.
hardly adv. 几乎不 表示否定意义。它常和can, could等连用，在句中位于动词be、情态动词或助动词之后、行为动词之前。 e.g. I’m so tired and I can hardly walk. 我太累了，几乎不能走了。
hard作“困难的”讲时，是形容词；作“努力地；猛烈地”讲时，是副词。
e.g. It’s hard for me to remember so many new words. (困难的)
As a student, you should work hard at your lessons. (努力地)
6. I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on my homework.
我常常怀疑花这么多时间做家庭作业是否值得。
doubt vt. 怀疑
doubt+whether/if从句（主句为肯定句）
…doubt+that从句（主句为否定和疑问句）
e.g. We doubt if/whether David told us the truth. 我们怀疑戴维是否告诉了我们事情的真相。
We never doubt that David is honest. 我们从不怀疑戴维的诚实。
短语be worth (doing) something 意思是“值得……”后面接动词-ing形式或名词。
e.g. The Summer Palace is worth a visit. 颐和园值得一游。
7.However,my love of football has bee the cause of my problem.
我爱的足球变成了我问题的起因。
cause n. 原因 可数名词 the cause of …的原因
e.g. They are trying to find the cause of the fire.他们试着找到起火的原因。
cause  v. 引起；造成，可直接跟名词作宾语，也可用于cause sb. / sth. to do sth.结构中。
e.g. I’m not causing you any real trouble, am I? 我对你没有造成真正的麻烦，是吧？
What caused Peter to change his plan? 什么引起彼特改变了他的计划？
8. I look forward to your valuable advice. valuable adj. 宝贵的，贵重的
value n.意为“价值；有用性”； e.g. His work has no value. 他的工作没有用。
v.表示“珍视，重视”。e.g. I valued his advice. 我重视他的建议。
valuable adj. 意为“值钱的；有价值的”。 e.g. Is the watch valuable? 这表值钱吗？
be valuable for 对…有用的 / be valuable to sb. 对某人有用的
9. What about choosing your hobby according to (介词短语，“根据”)the time (先行词)you have(定语从句)?
根据你所拥有的时间选择你的爱好怎么样？
Grammar
1.连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
从句来源
连接词
备注
陈述句
that
口语或非正式文体中常省略
一般疑问句
if / whether

特殊疑问句
连接代词：who; whom; whose; which; what 等
在句中担任主、宾、定或表语。

连接副词：when; where; why; how等

在句中担任状语
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来，要用陈述句语序。常放在：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, wonder, discover, understand, advise等动词/组后面。
e.g.(1). They haven’t decided who will go there. (主语)
(2). I want to know whom/who you are waiting for? (宾语)
(3). Tell me what book you like to read. (定语)
(4). Tell me which book you like to read best of the three. (定语)
(5). Have the police discovered whose the special shoes are? (表语)
(6). I asked him why he smiled.
(7). Can you tell me where you are？
(8). Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting?
(9). I can’t imagine how the thief entered my room.
Summary宾语从句三要素：
1.连接词 that（陈述句）
if/whether（一般疑问句）
who; whom; whose; which; what ；when; where; why; how(特殊疑问句)
2.时态 主句为一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态(根据句子需要)
主句为一般过去时，从句进行相应的变化
客观真理，自然现象等不变
3. 语序 陈述语序
提建议的句型 Why not=why don’t you +do
Let’s/ Shall we+do
You’d better+do
What/How about+doing
Perhaps 也可用于建议。e.g. Perhaps you can park over there.
Integrated Skills、 Study Skills and Task
1. 辨析 aloud/loud/loudly
词语
含义
用法
aloud
副词“出声地”；“大声地”
1与read, think 连用时, 表示“出声读”或“把想到的自言自语地说出来”, 不涉及声音的大小。
2当aloud与shout, call等词连用时, 才表示“大声地”。它通常放在动词之后, 没有比较级和最高级形式。
loud
形容词或副词, 表示“高声的(地), 响亮的(地)”。
1当它作形容词时, 可作表语或定语
2当它作副词时, 常与speak, talk等词连用, 强调状态和给人的感觉, 通常放在动词之后, 有比较级和最高级形式。
loudly
副词,有时可与loud 通用, 但比loud更正式些

常位于动词之后, 有比较级和最高级形式。
e.g. Don’t read aloud in the reading room. / She shouted aloud when she saw her lost son.
The man has a loud voice. /The teacher told us to speak a little louder.
Don’t talk so loudly. /“Listen!” he said more loudly than ever. “That’s not true!
2. Don’t mention it.不客气。mention vt. 提及; 说起 同样的说法还有: You’re wele./ That’s all right./（It’s）my pleasure.
3. Many students of our age have this problem. 很多和我同龄的学生有这样的问题。
介词短语of sb’s age是后置定语，意思是“和……同龄的”。
e.g.She needs more friends of her own age. 她需要更多和她同龄的朋友。
二、短语呈现
Wele to the unit
1. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠
2. be on （灯、电视等）开着、亮着，上演
3. drive sb. mad = make sb. mad使某人受不了，把某人逼疯
4. （go mad发疯）
5. close friends 亲密的朋友
6. feel lonely 感到孤独（主观）--live alone 独自居住（客观）
7. get low marks in exams 在考试中得低分
Reading
8. how … deal with…=what… do with…怎样处理……
9. have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择
10. stay up (late) 熬夜
11. stay awake 保持清醒 awake（作表语、宾语补足语）
12. imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象、设想做某事
13. I often doubt whether / if it is worth spending so much time on homework
14. (doubt 在肯定句中接if / whether 引导的从句)
15. There is no doubt that you can solve the problem by yourself (doubt 在否定句和疑问句中接that 引导的从句)
16. be (well) worth (doing) sth. (很)值得做某事 The Summer Palace is worth a visit 颐和园值得一游
17. 这张图片至少值二十美元The picture is worth 20 dollars
18. 这本书很值得一读。The book is well worth reading. /It's well worth reading the book.
19. so that 以便，为了（引导目的状语从句，从句中常用情态动词）so + adj. /adv. + that 如此…以至于…（引导结果状语从句）
20. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
21. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物
22. offer sb. some suggestions/ advice= offer some suggestions to me
23. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
24. hear from sb.(短) = get/receive a letter from sb.（短）=have a letter from sb.（延）收到某人来信
25. be crazy about…对…..很着迷
26. my love of football 我对足球的热爱
27. the cause of ……的原因
28. get into trouble 陷入麻烦
29. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 被动： Sb. be allowed to do sth.
30. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
31. develop our hobbies 培养我们的爱好
32. stay out late 呆在外面很晚
33. achieve a balance 获得平衡
34. valuable advice 宝贵的建议（adj.只能修饰物，不能修饰人, value ,n. 价值）
35. make a list of…列一个…..清单
36. work out算出,解决，制定出…..(代词放中间)
37. according to 根据（介词短语），据……所说
38. my advice is worth taking 我的建议值得采纳
39. take /follow one's advice 接受/采纳某人的建议
40. It seems/seemed that 似乎，好像
41. It is better for you to go home earlier你最好早点回家
42. = You’d better go home earlier
43. forget about sth.忘记有关…的事
Grammar and Integrated Skills and Study Skills
44. need /keep silence 需要安静/ 保持安静 （silence n. ---silent adj. 寂静的）
45. need someone to share my worries with 需要有人分担我的忧愁
46. solve the problem 解决问题
47. ask for help 寻求帮助
48. youth worker 青少年工作者
49. thank you for your reply (n.) 感谢你的回复 There is no reply.
50. reply to my letter (v.) = answer my letter 回复我的信 answer the door / the telephone (只能用answer)
51. laugh at 嘲笑
52. make progress 取得进步 progress（不可数名词）
53. call her bookworm 叫她书虫
54. make progress( in) （在……方面）取得进步
55. go over 复习，回顾
56. as often as possible 尽可能经常地
57. read English aloud 大声朗读英语
58. pronounce all the words correctly 准确地发所有单词的音（v.）
59. learn correct pronunciation 学习正确的发音(n.)
60. Don’t mention it 不客气
Task
61. pay (no) attention to sb. (不)注意某人
62. keep your worries to yourself 把担忧留给自己
63. be unhappy with 对……不满意
64. many students of our age 我们这个年龄的许多学生
65. care too much about your marks 太在意你的分数
66. What's wrong, Eddie? 怎么了,埃迪？
67. Perhaps you should manage your time better and go to bed earlier.或许你应该更好地安排你的时间，早点睡觉。
68. I have a problem, and I do not know how I should deal with it.我有一个问题,而且我不知道如何去解决它。
69. I have a lot of homework every day, and I have no choice but to do it. However, I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball and music.
70. I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework.我经常怀疑是否值得花那么多时间在家庭作业上。
71. Can you offer me some suggestions?你能给我提供一些建议吗?
72. I do not understand why they are so strict with me. 我不明白他们为什么对我如此严格。
73. I wonder how I can achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies. 我想知道我怎么能够在我的课业和爱好之间取得平衡。
74. Then work out how much time you need to finish it all. 然后算出你需要多少时间全部完成它。
75. I need someone to share my worries with. 我需要有人分担我的忧愁。
76. Mr. Friend says that youth workers help young people solve their problems.弗兰德先生说青少年工作者帮助年轻人解决问题。
77. I’ve made little progress in my English, Millie.米莉,我在英语方面没有取得什么进步。
78. Many students of our age have this problem.我们这个年龄的许多学生有这个烦恼。