情态动词+have-done的用法.ppt

“情态动词+havedone”的用法1一、“must have done”一定做过某事v表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。v1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。2二、“cant have done”“couldnt have done”不可能做过某事v表示对过去事情的否定推测，“couldnt have done”较少使用。v1.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。v2.Mary cant have stolen your money.She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。3三、“could have done”1)表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事”,多用于疑问句；2)用于虚拟语气，意思是“本来能够做某事而没有做”。vWhat could have happened?难道可能发生了什么事吗？vThis glass is cracked.Someone could have dropped it.这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。vHe could have passed the exam,but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。4“can have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于疑问句中。vIts so late.Where can she have gone?v天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？5四、“may have done”v表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。vWhathashappenedtoGeorge?vIdontknow.Hemayhavegotlost.v乔治发生了什么事？v我不知道，他可能迷路了。6五、“might have done”v1)表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。v2)用于虚拟语气中,意思是：“本来可能做某事，事实上却没做”v1.He might have given you more help,even though he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。v2.She might have achieved greater progress,if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。7六、“would have done”v虚拟语气，意思是“本来会做某事，但事实上没做”。v1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboysstory,butyoudidntaskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。v2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnthaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。8七、“shouldhavedone”本来应该做某事，而实际没做v否定式为“shouldnt have done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。v v1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。v2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldnthavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。9八、“ought to have done”v表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。vYououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。102024/4/21 周日11十、“need have done”本来需要做某事而没有做v否定式为“neednt have done”表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。vI neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。vHe need have hurried to the station.In that case,be wouldnt have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。12v1-YoudidntwaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-Actually,we_.Hedidntreturnhomeatall.A.couldnthavewaitedB.neednthavewaitedC.didntneedtowaitD.shouldwaitv2Harry_havewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must13v3-MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixoclocktonight?”-“Imsorry,Mr.Smithtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.wouldhavegoneD.hasgonev4-Tomtookawayourteacherscellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Icantimaginethathe_havedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should14v5-Wasityouthatmadethesuggestion?-It havebeen.Icantremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.mayv6Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken15v7Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.needv8Ididntseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustnthavespokenB.mightnthavespokenC.canthavespokenD.shouldnthavespoken16v9-Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.You_thewrongnumber.A.mustcallB.musthavecalledC.shouldcallD.shouldhavecalledv10Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_atleast150kilometersanhour.A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone17v11.Heisnotpoor.You_havelenthimthemoney.A.cantB.needntC.couldntD.mustntv12.Therewasplentyoftime.You_havehurried.A.wontB.mustntC.needntD.couldntv13.They_havefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.vA.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might18v14.I_hereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A.shouldnthavecomeB.musthavecomeC.neednthavecomeD.couldhavecomev15.Ididnthearthephone.I_asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen192024/4/21 周日20