动词第三人称单数形式构成规则及练习题.doc

动词第三人称单数形式构成规则及练习题
动词第三人称单数形式构成规则
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如：①make－makes [s]② play－plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如：fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z]
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如：
   teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如：go－goes [z] do－does [z
下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 如： 1、do [du:]－does [dz]2、say [sei]－says [sez]一起读做[iz]。 如： close－closes [iz] be动词包括：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；复数用are，
除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点：
1. 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is。
2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用 doesn't + 动词原形，如：
He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.
3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词 does，如：
She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)→ When / What time does she go home every day?
一般现在时中的第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。
I 什么是一般现在时？一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢？
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
　　1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。【No. 2】一般现在时的构成
　　1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
　　I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
　　We study English.我们学习英语。
　　当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
【No. 3】一般现在时的变化
　  1. be动词的变化。
　　 a 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它.如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
　　 b 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
　　   如：-Are you a student?
　　　　   -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
　　  c 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike?
　 2.行为动词的变化。
　　  a 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：
　   　I don't like bread.
　  　b 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
　　   He doesn't often play.
　　  c 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
　　   - Do you often play football?
　　   - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
　  　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
　   　- Does she go to work by bike?
　　   - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
【No. 4】特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。How does your father go to work?
II 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下：
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
   he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
   It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：
   ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
   ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
   ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
   ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
   ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
   ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
   ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this,
    that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
 ③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
 ④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：
   ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
   ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：
   ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。
   ②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。
巩固练习题：
I 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：
  sit--    guess--      die--      go--
  rush--    reach--    touch--      brush--
  fly--   copy--     say--       run--  
  do--     fix--     live--      cry--
  enjoy--    have--    wish--      play--
  Tie--    teach--     buy--       study--  drink--    go--      stay--      make--
 look--     carry--    come--      watch-- 
  plant--    fly -                  
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today?
  － It’s Saturday
.三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
11.Jim does his homework every day. (改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
II选择
1. Ben _____a new book.
A. have B. has C. haves D .were
2. Ben and Mary  some books.
A. have B. has C. are D .were
3. I  some stories every day.
A. have B .has C .are D .were
4. I __________ ice cream.
A .like B.likes C. liking D.likees
5.I every day
A.swim B.swims C.swiming D.swimes
6.He his homework every day.
A.does B.do C.are D.is
7. I ________ my homework every day.
A.do B.is C.does D.are
8.They ________ their homework every day.
A. do B.does C. is D.are
9.My English teacher always ________ to us.
A.smelling B.smells C.smell D.is smell
10.Lucy_______with her hands.
A.touch B .touching C .touches D.touchs
11.Superdog________the boys
A.see B.sees C.seeing D.ses
12.Supergirl and Superdog ______ them.
A.saves B.save C.saving D.is saving
13.Jack_______their cow.
A.sells B.sell C.selling D.are selling
14.Jack______up the beanstalk.
A.gets B.get C.climb D.climbs
15.The giant(巨兽)______boys.
A.eating B.don’t eat C.eats D.eat
16.The goose(鹅)______golden eggs.
A.lay B.lays C.layed D.layes
17.The woman _______the beanstalk.(豆秸)
A.cut B.cutting C.are cut D.cuts
18.Her mother ______the beanstalk(豆秸).
A .take B .is take C. takes D. taking
19 Jack and her mother _____ Blogger.(博客)
A. does B.are C.is D. have
20.He____the beans（豆） in the ground.
A.buy B.puts C.put D.buys

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