ProfessorDrJinBQDeptofFoodScienceampNutritionNJNU.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,ProfessorDrJinBQDeptofFoodScienceampNutritionNJNU,Age periods,p180,Infants,0-3y,Preschool child,3-5y,School child,6-12y,Juvenile,13-18y,Adult,18-60y,Elder,60/65y,4 Infants nutrition&food supplement,P181-188,1 Introduction,1.1 At birth,1,th,Stress,out of mother,1,th,Fast growing,period(0-3y),1.2 New born,:Indexes,BW:3.3kg(2-4kg/BW),BH:50-55cm,Chest cycle Head,Arm,11cm to 16cm,2.4 Organs:,Stomach-V:30-50ml to 100-200ml,Teeth:20,4-10m,6y,Table11-4,3 Body composition,suppl.,3.1 Ratio,3.1.1 New born:H,2,OFat,%75 12-15,3.1.2 1-yare old:H,2,OFat,%60 24,4 Nutritional requirement,p182-184,4.1 Property,Higher nutr/energy density,4.2 Energy,3-4 times as adults,Fat,&CH,2,O,same important for E supply,DRIs,200kJ/kg BW+,62.8-82.7kJ/g,GW,CH,2,O=5g/kg BW,Fat=4g/kg BW,30-45%in GE,Both supply is over 2/3 in GE,4.3 Protein,p183,3-5 times as adults,1.5-3.0 g/kg.BW/d,requires more good protein from animal foods,DRIs,1.6-2.2g/kg BW,by mothers nursing,3-4g/kg BW,by suckling cow milk,8+1,（,Histidine),Lys/1,st,1y-old:35g/d;,2-3y-old:40g/d,4.4 Fat,p183,6m-old:,45-50%in GE,1y-old:35-40%in GE,2-3y-old:30-35%in GE,4.5 Carbohydrate,Cereal CH,2,O allergy diarrhoea,Amount to be increasing,4.6 Water,120-150ml/kg BW/d,Reasons,Easy to dehydrated,Help to excrete,4.7 Minerals,p183,Ca:400-600mg/d.p,28g at birth,Fe:10mg/d.p for 4m requirement,Zn:3-5mg/d.p,Se:15,g/d.p,I:40-50,g/d.p,NaCl 6m-old,4.8 Vitamins,A,D,Bcom,p184,5 Feeding methods reasonable,Nursing(Breast milk),Formula powder,Weanling foods supplement,p184-187,中国婴幼儿膳食指南,0,6,月龄,/2007,一,纯母乳喂养,:,母乳是,6,个月龄之内婴儿最理想的天然食品，非常适合于身体快速生长发育,能满足,6,个月龄以内婴儿所需要的全部液体、能量和营养素。有益于母婴健康。,二 产后尽早开奶，初乳营养最好,:,对婴儿防御感染及初级免疫系统的建立十分重要。产后,30,分钟即可喂奶，可减轻婴儿生理性黄疸、生理性体重下降和低血糖的发生,三 尽早抱婴儿到户外活动或适当补充维生素,D,：,母乳维生素,D,含量较低,四,06,月龄婴儿及时补充适量维生素,K,：,母乳中维生素,K,含量低，为预防维生素,K,缺乏的出血性疾病,/,新生儿出血症,五不能用纯母乳喂养时，宜首选婴儿配方食品喂养,:,婴儿配方食品其营养成分及含量基本接近母乳。,1,婴儿配方食品及种类，,2,人工喂养，,3,混合喂养，,4,人工喂养注意事项,六定期监测生长发育状况,5.1 Nursing direction,p184-185,5.1.1 Mother nursing,Colostrum sucking in 30,A Immuno-materials,IgA,IgM,lymph T,Lactoferrin,lysozyme,et al,B Breast milk,Ca&protein,7%lactose,with time,5.1.2 Emotion&health,M-I,5.1.3 Nursing/wetting time,4-10m,Nursing methods,Breast nursing,Mixture feeding,Artificial feeding,Nursing time&amount,Freedom,Supplement,4m old,Sequence,Simple-complex,Less-more,Supplying foods,汁液：蔬菜汁、果汁等,泥：蛋黄、果泥、菜泥、肉泥、肝泥等,羹：蛋羹、鱼羹、肉羹、米糊、面糊等,粥：菜粥、肉粥、鱼粥、肝粥等,烂面条：菜面、肉面、鱼面等,烂饭：菜饭、肉饭、鱼饭等,Principle,先单一、低浓度 混合物、较高浓度,5-10,天起喂葡萄糖水，避免新生儿黄胆,6,月龄前尽量避免用食盐,4-6,月龄起注意补充：,Fe,Vit.D&A,5.2 Infant formula,p186-187,Principle,design for different ages,Adding,whey,AA(Lys),FA,lactose,Moving out,casein,Ca,Na,K,Cl,Application,0-6m-old,CP-12%,6-12m-old,CP-18%,Albuim:Casein=6/7:4/3,5.3 Weanling,Suppl.,Dairy milk continuously,2,nd,stress after birth,Food style change,Liquid half solid solid,Simple complex,Weaning time:,4-10m old,Standing and walking,0-1y-old,1-3y-old infants,p187-188,Dairy milk:,2-4 cups/d,3 meals+2-3 snacks,Fruits,Special cooking,Suitable dietary energy,-,good protein,Meals arrange,6 Undernutrition/abiotrophy,p188,Richets,IDA,Zinc deficiency,Protein deficiency,