滨州专版中考英语总复习第二部分专项语法高效突破专项9动词.ppt

,第二部分 专项语法高效突破,专项,9,动词,高频考点,精讲,考点,1,动词的分类,1.系动词,系动词本身有词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语部分，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份等。,类别,功能,例词,表示状态的系动词,表示主语所处的状态,be,表示持续的系动词,表示主语继续或保持某种身份或状态,keep,，,remain,，,stay,，,stand,，,lie,表示感官的系动词,表示人体感官的系动词,look,，,feel,，,smell,，,taste,，,sound,表示状态变化的系动词,表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态,become,，,get,，,go,，,grow,，,turn,2.实义动词,分类,用法,例词,例句,及物动词,后面必须跟宾语意义才完整，常用于三种句型：,(1),主语谓语,(,及物动词,),宾语；,(2),主语谓语,(,及物动词,),宾语宾语补足语；,(3),主语谓语,(,及物动词,),间接宾语直接宾语,ask,need,，,want,have,，,teach,make,He reached China the day before yesterday.,他前天到的中国。,They asked me to go swimming with them.,他们让我和他们一起去游泳。,I will return him the ruler.,我准备把尺子还给他。,不及物动词,意义完整，其后不必跟宾语；若跟宾语，则不及物动词需要与适当的介词连用,come,，,go,，,run,，,travel,，,listen,，,swim,，,live,work,Mary is swimming.,玛丽正在游泳。,Look at the blackboard.,看黑板。,Listen to music.,听音乐。,3助动词,助动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等结构。主要的助动词有be,do,have,shall,will等。,分类,用法,例句,be,am/is/are,动词,ing,形式,现在进行时；,was/were,动词,ing,形式,过去进行时；,be,过去分词,被动语态,The boy is playing basketball now.,这个男孩现在在打篮球。,The students were reading English when the teacher came in.,当老师进来的时候，学生们在读英语。,Chinese is spoken by most of people in the world.,世界上大多数人说汉语。,do,形式有,do,does,did,用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气,Do you come from Japan,？你来自日本吗？,He doesn,t like music at all.,他根本不喜欢音乐。,have,have/has,过去分词,现在完成时；,had,过去分词,过去完成时；,have/has,been,动词,ing,形式,现在完成进行时,He has lived here for ten years.,他住在这里已经,10,年了。,By the time I arrived at the bus stop,the bus had left.,当我到达汽车站的时候，汽车已经离开了。,will/shall,will/shall,动词原形,一般将来时；,would/should,动词原形,过去将来时,Shall we go fishing tomorrow,？我们明天去钓鱼好吗？,You should lie down and rest.,你应该躺下休息。,考点,2,情态动词,情态动词有一定的词义，但它本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅是表达说话人的态度，在句中和实义动词一起构成谓语。,情态动词,用法,例句,can,表示能力，意为,“,能，会,”,He can speak English well.,他英语讲得很好。,表示推测，意为,“,可能,”,。常用于否定句或疑问句,She can,t be at home now.,她现在不可能在家。,表示请求、允许，意为,“,可以,”,Can I borrow your bike,？我可以借你的自行车吗？,could,can的过去式，意为,“,能，会,”,。表示过去的能力,Tom could play the piano well when he was young.汤姆小时候钢琴弹得非常好。,情态动词,用法,例句,must,表示主观看法，意为,“,必须，应该,”,You must finish your homework first.你必须先完成你的家庭作业。,表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句，表示,“,一定,”,The book must be Mary,s because her name was on it.这本书一定是玛丽的，因为书上有她的名字。,should,意为,“,应该,”,，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议,We should keep the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。,may,表示请求、许可，意为,“,可以,”,You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。,表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为,“,可能，也许,”,She may come back tomorrow，but I am not sure.她可能明天回来，但是我不确定。,might,may的过去式,He asked if he might go home.他问他是否可以回家了。,表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉,Might I smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？,need,表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中,You needn,t say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。,考点,3,动词辨析,1.语境辨析,近几年滨州中考对动词的考查主要为语境辨析，需要学生通过阅读题干辨别选项的不同意思，再结合常识选出正确的选项。,2近义词辨析,近义词辨析在滨州近几年的中考中没有涉及到，但是在写作中常常面临选词的难题，所以掌握常见的近义词的用法是很有必要的。,常见的易混近义词如下：,(1)arrive，reach 与get 见第3讲高频考点精讲考点2,(2)wear，dress，put on与be in见第3讲高频考点精讲考点3,(3)raise与rise见第9讲高频考点精讲考点6,(4)fix，repair与mend见第9讲高频考点精讲考点6,(5)borrow，lend与keep见第9讲高频考点精讲考点9,(6)discover，invent与create见P第13讲高频考点精讲考点3,考点,4,动词短语,动词短语是动词的一种固定搭配形式，常见的动词短语结构有：,1动词介词(宾语只能放在介词后)；,2动词副词(宾语是名词时，位于副词前后皆可；宾语是代词时，则只能位于动词和副词之间)；,3动词副词介词(宾语只能放在介词后)；,4动词名词介词(宾语只能放在介词后)。,十年真题,全练,近几年滨州中考试题对动词的考查主要涉及动词的词义辨析、动词短语(动介结构和动副结构)和情态动词。动词应用试题中侧重对动词时态的考查。完形填空中涉及到实义动词的辨析。情态动词也是滨州中考的考点，主要考查其基本用法和词义辨析，同时还涉及到情态动词在被动语态中的运用。预计2018年中考中，完形填空和选择填空仍将考查动词词义辨析、固定短语及情态动词。,考点,1,动词的分类,1.2015,滨州，28题Mom is making dinner.It _,A,_ so nice!,Asmells Btastes Cfeels Dsounds,22016,滨州，30题,I,m sorry I _,C,_ my exercise book at home this morning.,It doesn,t matter.Don,t forget _ it here this afternoon.,Aleft；to take Bforgot；bringing,Cleft；to bring Dforgot；to bring,考点,2,情态动词,3.2008,滨州，21题,Whose notebook is this?,It _,B,_ be Carla,s.It has her name on it.,Amight Bmust Cshouldn,t Dcan,t,42009,滨州，35题,Must I finish my homework today?,No,you _,C,_.You may finish it tomorrow.,Amustn,t Bshouldn,t Cneedn,t Dcouldn,t,52010,滨州，30题,You don,t look well,Don!You,d better see your doctor.,I _,D,_，but he said there was nothing wrong.,Awill Bwould Chad Dhave,62012,滨州，25题,Must I _ wait for you here?,No,you _,D,_,Adon,t Bcan,t Cmustn,t Dneedn,t,72014,滨州，28题,Must we take out the trash now?,_,D,_You can do it after class.,AYes，you must BNo，you can,t,CYes，you may DNo，you needn,t,82015,滨州，30题,Look!The man at the gate _,A,_ be our headmaster.He is always standing there every morning.,No,it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.,Amust；can,t Bmust；mustn,t,Ccan,t；can,t Dcan,t；mustn,t,92016,滨州，31题,Must I go to law school and be a lawyer like you,Dad?,No,you _,D,_.You,re free to make your own decision.,Acan,t Bmustn,t,Cshouldn,t Dneedn,t,102017,滨州，31题,Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday,Mom?,Of course you _,D,_.That sounds like fun.,Amay Bcould Cmust Dcan,考点,3,动词辨析,11.2011,滨州，29题,Shall we go and _,A_,_ hello to the foreign teachers?,Good idea!Let,s go.,Asay Bspeak Ctalk Dshout,122017,滨州，30题As a teacher,I really feel worried to see so many students _,A,_ glasses.,Awearing Bdressing,Cputting on Dbeing in,考点,4,动词短语,13.2008,滨州，19题The boy has been _,C,_ his parents for years because they are both disabled.,Ataking after Btaking pride in,Ctaking care of Dtaking an interest in,142009,滨州，27题My little dog is lost.All of my friends are helping me to _,D,_ it.,Alook at Blook after,Clook like Dlook for,1,52010,滨州，32题I felt it hard to keep up with my classmates.But whenever I want to _,B,_，my teacher always encourages me to work harder.,Ago on Bgive up,Crun away Dgive back,162011,滨州，32题,The sweater is very nice.I,ll take it.,But you,d better _,D,_ first.I think it is a little large for you.,Apay for it Bput it on,Cput it off Dtry it on,172013,滨州，25题,Diaoyu Island belongs to China.,Surely it does!We Chinese will never _,C,_ it up.,Acut Bfix Cgive Dset,182013,滨州，32题,So many problems!I,m tired.,You should try to _,D,_ them by yourself.You are not a child any longer.,Aget into Bget off,Cget on Dget over,192014,滨州，33题Smoking is bad for your health.You,d better _,B,_,Aset it up Bgive it up,Cpick it up Dlook it up,202015,滨州，31题Susan _,C,_ her friend,s invitation because of an important meeting.,Atook down Bput down,Cturned down Dwrote down,212016,滨州，33题,We can,t _,D,_ making a plan.Clean,up Day is only two weeks from now.,Yes,I think so.,Aput on Bput up Cput out Dput off,222017,滨州，33题,Don,t _,B,_ hope.Everything will be over soon.,Yes.We should learn to be brave when we are in trouble.,Aturn up Bgive up Cclean up Dtake up,猜押预测,1Lao She,s Teahouse _,A,_ the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.,Adescribes Bimproves,Cprepares Dcorrects,2,How much is the dress?,It _,A,_ me 400 yuan.,Acost Bspent Ctook Dpaid,3The government is taking action to _,A,_ air pollution.,Acut down Bcut up,Ccut out Dcut off,4,My sister has a toothache.,She,d better _,B,_,Adrink water with honey,Bsee a dentist,Ctake a shower,Dget an x,ray,5The girl in the library _,C,_ be Jane.She has gone to Beijing.,Amay Bmust Ccan,t Dneedn,t,6The book _,D,_ be Mary,s.Her name is on it.,Acan Bcan,t Cneedn,t Dmust,7,To keep children safe,we _,B,_ put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.,Amay Bshould Ccan Dmight,8,What will the weather be like tomorrow?,It _,D,_ be rainy,cloudy or sunny.I,m not sure.,Amust Bshould Ccan,t Dmight,9,_,B,_ I park my car here for a while?,No,you mustn,t.Do you see the sign,“,NO PARKING,”,？,AWould BMay CMust DShould,10The bus is coming.Oh,my God!It,s full.I,m afraid we can,t _,B,_ it.,Aget up Bget on Cget off Dget to,11The boy likes planes very much and he often goes to see planes land and _,B,_,Atake care of Btake off,Ctake after Dtake down,