中考阅读理解满分讲解-如何做主旨大意题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/10,*,中考英语阅读理解满分突破,Zhang Xuejiao,英语教育专业硕士,FULL SCORE STRATEGY OF READINGCOMPREHENSION FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENTRANCE EXAMINATION,张 雪 娇,2021/10/10,1,FULL SCORE STRATEGY OF READINGCOMPREHENSION,2014,年,2010,年安徽英语中考卷：,听力,单项选择,完形填空,补全对话,阅读理解,写,30,20,30,5,40,25,由上表可知，在整张中考英语试卷中，单项分值最高的是阅读理解，每题,2,分,*20,40,分,。而阅读理解是考查学生在阅读中准确捕获信息的能力，要求学生既理解具体的事实，也能理解抽象的概念，即考查学生综合运用所学的语言知识能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等，是中考试卷中考查学生综合能力较强的部分。,2021/10/10,2,READINGCOMPREHENSION,：,命题特点,常见题型,命题趋势,解题方法,2021/10/10,3,命 题 特 点：,命题特点,2014年2010年安徽英语中考阅读理解题材如下：,2014年,2013年,2012年,2011年,2010年,A,记叙文,人物传记,Tony wheeler,说明文,社会现象,Work hours,记叙文,人物传记,Leonardo da Vinci,说明文,科普知识,Colors,说明文,文化差异,Culture difference,B,说明文,社会现象,Charities,议论文,哲理讨论,Think creatively,记叙文,幽默故事,Ask the way,应用文,图表信息,记叙文,哲理故事,talent,C,应用文,广告消息,应用文,图表信息,应用文,校园通知,应用文,书信来往,应用文,性格测试,D,说明文,科普知识,North American black bear,说明文,科普知识,Human brain,说明文,性格分析,Personalities analysis,记叙文,人物传记,Charles Chaplin,记叙文,人物传记,Doctor Seuss,2021/10/10,4,Three Types Of Questions(,题型,),：,主旨大体题即归纳概括题。难度偏大。,要求对整篇文章做出归纳、概括和评价。解题时，不能只凭文中的只言片语断章取义。,要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组、句子做出解释。,解题时，需要联系上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容才能做出正确答案。,主旨大意题,词义猜测题,细节题,既有简单题也有复杂题。,通读全文，了解文中所叙诉的重要事实或者细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。,根据上下文或整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案；,有时甚至还要联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音加以推理才能获得正确答案,2021/10/10,5,Example,:(within 2mins),He wrote The Cat in the Hat at the age of _.,A50 B53 C56 D87,The word“sit on”in the passage probably mean _.,A fail to realize B forget to use C try to develop D manage to show,The passage is mainly about _.,A body language in foreign restaurants B class discussion in Indian schools,C miscommunication in different cultures D English teaching in other countries,Which could be the best title,标题,for the passage?,A sing in the bar B achieve success in life C never lose heart D find yourself,5,The word“reduce”in the passage probably means_.,A,减少,B,排除,C,加强,D,增加,6,Which of the following is TRUE according to Donnas letter?,A The best time to study is from 10pm to 1am.,B Walking outside can make you remember more.,C Its good to tell a study partner about your feeling.,D Its necessary to have a rest for 15 to 20 minutes an hour.,词义,细节,词义,主旨,主旨,细节,2021/10/10,6,7 The purpose of 2,nd,paragraph is _.,A to warn you B to enjoy it C to write it down D to write it for fun,8 what can we infer from the passage?,A Many workers have to work long hours.,B Many people have long vocations.,C Work hours are the same around the world.,D There are a lot of dull people in the world.,9 The underlined word means _.,A,变成,B,改变,C,成为,D,促进,10,Newton wanted to find out _,A when the apple hit him B why the apple fell,C who made the apple fell D where the apple fell,11 From the passage,we can learn that _.,A we could ask others for help B every one of others like thinking,C it is to see and hear our thoughts D thinking helps to get new ideas,12 How many choices do I have?,A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4,Example,:,(within 2mins),细节,词义,细节,主旨,细节,细节,2021/10/10,7,主旨大意题命题形式：,一,),中心型,(main idea,、,subject,、,general idea,),The passage mainly tells us _,The main idea of the passage is,The passage is mainly about,What is the passage mainly about?,The main idea of the 2nd paragraph is,二,),标题型,(topic/title/headline),What is the best title for the passage?,The,best title for the passage might be,Whats the topic of the article,？,三,),目的型,(purpose),The purpose of this article is .,The passage is meant to .,2021/10/10,8,details,Paragraph ideas,Passage idea,2021/10/10,9,记叙文：,六大要素：,who/where/what/when/how/why,（谁在哪里做什么，什么时候怎样做的，为什么这样做）,高频词（在文章中反复出现）,首句、尾句,首段、尾段,每一段的开头，划分结构：总,-,分,/,总,-,分,-,总,/,分,-,总,2021/10/10,10,(,安徽卷,2014,80,),Tony Wheeler was born to travel.,His father worked for an airline.For the first 16 years of his life,Tony and his family lived in many different countries.,In the early 1970s,Tony met a young woman named Maureen.They soon marriedThey took a year-long trip from England,through Asia,to Australia.,When they arrived in Australia,people asked many questions about their trip.To answer these questions,Tony wrote a book called,Across Asia on the cheap,.The book told people about different countries weather,customs,and places to see.He also wrote about unusual things to see and do.The book was very popular.,Tony and his wife started a company.They continued travelling.They wrote books for each place they visited.,Tony Wheeler,the great traveler,still writes about travels to many places and will bring us more surprises,.,80 The passage mainly talks about _.,A a great traveler and his books,B a tour of different countries,C a great writer and his family,D different kinds of companies,80.,高频词,高频词,2021/10/10,11,(,合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟,2014,95,),Lang Lang is a famous pianist and he is popular all over the world.He was made a Messenger of Peace by the United Nations(,联合国,).,He got the position on October 28,2013.,.,Lang Lang is the first Messenger of Peace from China.Being a Messenger of Peace is highest honor.It is,Lang Lang has been a Goodwill Ambassador(,亲善大使,)for UNICEF(,联合国儿童基金会,)for 10 years.As a Messenger of Peace,he has a special task:getting the 57 millions school age children worldwide who arent getting an education into classrooms.,Lang Lang says that his,new role,is more important than his music because it can help improve the lives of children around the world through education.,Lang Lang also works with talented students to help them become musician,He added that he hoped that he will have more foundations all over the world.Then his dream can come true.,95 whats the best title for the passage?,A Lang Langs Success in Music,B Lang Langs Education Experience,C Lang Langs Foundation,D Lang Langs New Role in UN,2021/10/10,12,说明文,/,议论文：,高频词（在文章中反复出现）,首句、尾句,首段、尾段,每一段的开头，划分结构：总,-,分,/,总,-,分,-,总,/,分,-,总,2021/10/10,13,(,安徽卷,2012,95,),In our life,we may meet persons with different personalities(,性格,).What is your personality type(,类型,),？,Read about the following and find out!,A dreamer thinks that is a“right”way to do things.This person wants to live in the“perfect world”.Many are good listeners and likes to help others.Famous dreamers:Angelina Jolie,Mohandas Gandhi.,A partner wants to be in a group.For this person,rules are important.They consider tradition to be of great value.Famous partners:Queen Elizabeth,Mother Teresa.,For thinkers,understanding things is very important.They like to deal with problems and make new things.Famous thinkers:Bill Gates,Stephen Hawking.,Artists want to be free.They dont want to follow the rules all the time.They also like trying new things.Famous artists:Madonna,Cristiano Ronaldo.,95 which could be the best title for the passage?,A Famous People B Personalities Types,C Perfect World D Job Choices,总,-,分,2021/10/10,14,(,合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟考,2014,90,),All parents want to see their children succeed in life.They want their children to have more than what they had,yet parents often forget to give their children what they had.,Dont forget to instruct children in character development.In todays society,it is much easier to make children happy than to instruct them in personal development skills.Nowadays,parents have to be busy with their work in order to make more money and give their children a better living environment.They dont have enough time to play with their children or communicate with them.So parents can easily offer their children a new toy rather than develop their childrens natural sense of curiosity,which will lead their children through self-learning.Therefore,the best method for parents to teach their children is not by buying them things,but by giving them an opportunity to learn more about things they are interested in.In this way,parents can finally teach their children the same hard lessons that they have learned,too.,90 which is the main idea of the passage?,A Remember to instruct children in character development.,B All parents want to see their children succeed in life.,C Dont buy gifts for children.,D Teach children the hard lessons parents have learned.,以偏盖全,过于笼统,无关信息,2021/10/10,15,(,安徽卷,2014,84,),Lets hope more wishes will come true in the future.People who work in the charity always try for the best.Almost 25,000 volunteers(,志愿者,)help,work or give money.Will you be one of them?,84 The purpose of the last paragraph is to _.,A explain what“make-a-wish”is,B encourage more people to join the charity,C tell us how Christophers wish came true,D introduce different kinds of childrens wishes,一,),中心型,(main idea,、,subject,、,general idea,),The passage mainly tells us _,The passage is mainly about,二,),标题型,(topic/title/headline),What is the best title for the passage?,Whats the topic of the article,？,三,),目的型,(purpose),The purpose of this article is,.,The passage is meant to,.,2021/10/10,16,命题趋势,1,文化多样，题材各异，偏重生活,2,适当增加生词量，考查词义,3,坚持把阅读技能作为考查目标,4,干扰项设置水平高,2021/10/10,17,