Obsessive-compulsive-disorder-强迫症.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD),-Han,What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?,OCD is an anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable,unwanted thoughts and repetitive,ritualized behaviors you feel compelled to perform.,If you have OCD,you probably recognize that your obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors are irrational but even so,you feel unable to resist them and break free.,Like a needle getting stuck on an old record,OCD causes the brain to get stuck on a particular thought or urge.,What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?,Everyone double checks things sometimes.,For example,you may check the stove twenty times to make sure its really turned off,wash your hands until theyre scrubbed raw,or drive around for hours to make sure that the bump you heard while driving wasnt a person you ran over.,The thoughts and rituals associated with OCD cause distress and get in the way of daily life.,Signs and Symptoms,People with OCD generally:,Have repeated thoughts or images about many different things.,Do the same rituals over and over.,Cant control the unwanted thoughts and behaviors,Dont get pleasure when performing the behaviors or rituals,but get brief relief from the anxiety the thoughts cause.,Spend at least 1 hour a day on the thoughts and rituals,which cause distress and get in the way of daily life.,Causes,OCD sometimes runs in families,but no one knows for sure why some people have it,while others dont.,Researchers have found that several parts of the brain are involved in fear and anxiety.By learning more about fear and anxiety in the brain,scientists may be able to create better treatments.,Researchers are also looking for ways in which stress and environmental factors may play a role.,Therapy as treatment,The most effective treatment for OCD is often cognitive-behavioral therapy.Antidepressants are sometimes used in conjunction with therapy,although medication alone is rarely effective in relieving the symptoms of OCD.,Cognitive-behavioral therapy,Exposure and response prevention,involves repeated exposure to the source of your obsession.Then you are asked to refrain from the compulsive behavior youd usually perform to reduce your anxiety.,For example,if you are a hand washer,you might be asked to touch the door handle in a public restroom and then be prevented from washing.As you sit with the anxiety,the urge to wash your hands will gradually begin to go away on its own.In this way,you learn that you dont need the ritual to get rid of your anxietythat you have some control over your obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Screening Quiz,