倒装-英语语法教学.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,倒装,Inversion,英语基本语序为主语在前,谓语在后。有时为了某种需要,如保持句子平衡、强调或固定的句型结构,而把谓语放在主语之前,这种语序叫倒装语序。,倒装有两种:,全部倒装和部分倒装。,一、全部倒装,把谓语全部放在主语之前,叫全部倒装。,1.There be句型中,用全部倒装。例如:,There was nobody in this school.,There is something wrong with the machine.,There are different opinions on it.,Note：There 不能于have 搭配 但可于,stand，live，lie,appear,，exist,等动词搭配。如：,There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.,2.,here,there,now,then,thus,in,up,away,等副词位于句首,谓语动词常用,come,go,lie,run,等,要用全部倒装.例如:,Here comes the bus!,There goes the bell.,Then followed three days of heavy rain,!,注意:如主语是人称代词,则只把副词提前位于句首,主语和谓语的位置不倒装。例如:,Here they come!,Away they went.,Note,此类倒装常用于一般时中，不用于进行时中；如不说；,Here is coming the bus.,3,.如果句子把地点状语提前,谓语动词为,be,sit,come,go,lie,stand,等,需要全部倒装。例如:,On the hill stands a temple.,Around the corner exist two banks.,On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.,4.为了句子平衡或强调,将表语置于句首,也用全部倒装。例如:,Gone are the days when we lived in the countryside.,Present at the meeting are my friends from,south America.,5.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首,需全部倒装。例如:,What are you doing?asked the teacher.,但如果主语为代词或谓语还有其他词修饰,则不倒装。例如:,What are you doing?he asked.,How do you feel these days?The teacher asked,me like my mother.,3.以否定词,not only.but also,no sooner.than,hardly/scarcelywhen,not until,等开头的关联结构,句子进行,部分倒装。例如:,Hardly/Scarcely had he got on the bus,when he heard a shout.,No sooner had I gone to sleep than the telephone rang.,Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it,to my house.,Not until then did I realise my mistake.,4.在,so.that,such.that,句型中,如,so,such,位于句首,前半句倒装。例如:,So busy is he that he has no time to play with,his daughter.,Such a good person was my teacher that we all,admired her.,5.,only,位于句首修饰状语,则进行部分倒装。例如:,Only then did I realize that I was wrong.,Only when he is seriously ill does he go to hospital,.,但当only修饰其状语不位于句首,或位于句首的only用来,修饰的不是状语,而是,主语,则不倒装。例如:,Only a doctor can do it.,6.,so,neither,nor,位于句首,表示“也是”,“也不是”,进行部分倒装。例如:,Tom is very kind,so am I.,He doesnt care much for sweets,nor do I.,但当,so,nor,neither,引导的句子主谓不倒装时,则表示后者对前者说话的肯定和确认。例如:,-,Tom is not good at English.,-,neither he is.,7,.,as,引导让步状语从句时,从句用部分倒装。结构为:,名词(不加冠词)/形容词/副词/动词+as+主语+谓语,。,例如:,Child as he was,he could speak two,languages.,Tired as she was,she went on cooking.,Try as he might,he couldnt succeed.,8.在含有,were,should,had,的虚拟条件句中,可以省略if,而把这三个词提前。例如:,Had you told me earlier,I could have,done better.,Should anyone call,tell me in time.,Were I you,I would try it again.,练习,1.Not until I began to work,how much time I had wasted.,A.have I realized B.I have realized,C.did I realize D.I realized,2.,got in the wheat than it began to rain heavily.,A.No sooner have they B.No sooner they have,C.No sooner had they D.No sooner they had,C,C,3.Little,that the police are about to arrest him.,A.he knows B.he doesnt know,C.does he know D.doesnt he know,4.,he was seriously ill,I wouldnt have told him the truth.,A.if I knew B.If I know,C.Had I known D.Did I know,5.By no means,look down upon the poor.,A.we shall B.shall we,C.should we D.we should,C,C,C,