学术英语医学Unit.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,学术英语医学Unit6,学术英语医学Unit6学术英语医学Unit6,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Death is an unavoidable and natural part of the life,cycle.Medical advances and value changes have increased and acceptability of,palliative care and hospice care,which can be provided to critically ill patients at home,hospitals or nursing homes.,Listening,Dealing with unfamiliar words,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Listening,Dealing with unfamiliar words,If the words dont hinder your understanding of the major points,just skip them over.,Use contextual information,common sense,and background information to guess the word meaning.Sometimes,the speaker might use paraphrase or definition to explain the new term.,If you fail to figure out the meaning of an important word,just move on and listen attentively to the speaker.Never let any new word distract your attention from the talk.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Listening,Suggested answers,1.,Ayurveda,is _ thats over five thousand years old.,2.The Sanskrit root“ayur-”means_.,3.The Sanskrit root“veda-”means_.,4.,Bhuta,is the Sanskrit word for_.,5.,Doshas,are _,which are actually the result of the pairing of the great elements.,Task 1 Listen to a talk and complete the sentences according to what you heard.,an ancient system of healing,having to do with life or living,wisdom or knowledge,element,bioenergetics forces,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Listening,Suggested answers,Task 2 Listen to the talk again and complete the following diagram.,Cosmos,Space,Air,Fire,Water,Earth,Pitta,Kapha,Vata,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Unit Contents,Lead-in,Text A,Text B,Text C,Listening,Speaking,Writing,Get,reading for Unit 7,Lead-in,Task,How much do you know about,hospice care,palliative care,comfort care,management care,Watch the video clip and see how hospice care is defined.,Hospice philosophy of death,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Critical reading and thinking,Topics for presentation,Useful expressions,Language building-up,Signpost language,Vocabulary test,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Congestive:,hyperemic,Disinfect:,除去（感染），给,消毒,Chlorine is used to,disinfect,water.,氯用来给水消毒。,Palliate:,to palliate a disease,Dialysis,or,kidney dialysis,is a method of treating kidney failure by using a machine to remove waste material from the kidneys.,透析，渗析,I was,on,dialysis,for seven years before my first kidney transplant.,在进行首次肾移植之前，我做了,7,年的透析。,Text A,Critical reading and thinking,Topics for presentation,1 Where do people spend their last time?,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Critical reading and thinking,Topics for presentation,There is no“right”place to die.,-at home,-in hospitals,-nursing homes,-hospice care,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Make sense,1.,讲得通；有意义,Can you,make sense,out of what this book says?,你能理解这本书的内容 吗,?,2.,明智的,合情合理的,It would make sense,to leave early.,还是早点走好。,2 What can the hospital do for George?,Topics for presentation,Text A,Critical reading and thinking,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Visiting hours:,探视时间；会客时间,The nurse informed me that,visiting hours,were over.,护士告诉我们探视时间已经结束,.,Text A,Useful expressions,George and those closest to him had previously decided that,no matter what,the doctor should try to,do everything medically possible to extend Georges life,.,So,when George needed care,he went to a hospital,where,doctors and nurses are available around-the-clock.,Critical reading and thinking,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Topics for presentation,3 What advantages does a nursing home have for end-of-life care?,Critical reading and thinking,the dying person,生命垂危的人,/,临终者,/,弥留之际的人,end-of-life care,临终看护,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Topics for presentation,4 How shall end-of-life care be given at home?,Critical reading and thinking,Hiring a home nurse,for additional help;,Arranging for services,(such as visiting nurses)and,special equipment,(like a hospital bed or bedside commode),Health insurance,Planning by a professional,such as a hospital discharge planner or a social worker,Help from local governmental agencies,Doctor supervision,at home,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,5,How has the meaning of palliative care changed?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,a comprehensive approach to improving the quality of life for people who are living with potentially fatal diseases,only symptom care,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,6,How has the meaning of palliative care changed?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,Knowledge of the subject matter,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,6,How has the meaning of palliative care changed?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,Knowledge of the subject matter,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,6,How has the meaning of palliative care changed?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,Knowledge of the subject matter,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,Knowledge of the subject matter,6,How has the meaning of palliative care changed?,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,7.When will hospice be applied?What features does this approach have?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,8.What might be the misconceptions about choosing hospice?,Text A,Topics for presentation,Critical reading and thinking,1.Stopping treatment specifically aimed at curing an illness equals,discontinuing all treatment,2.Choosing hospice is,a permanent decision,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Language Building-up,Signpost Language,Giving examples,For example,.,A good example of this is.,As an illustration,.,To give you an example,.,is a case in point.,Such as,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Suggested answers,Task 1 Overview,Fill in the following table according to Text A to compare the similarities and differences between palliative care and hospice care.,Critical reading and thinking,Similarities,Differences,Palliative care,Treatment of symptoms;,Multidisciplinary service;,Provided at home,hospitals,and specialized care centers;,Reversible choice,Service may be provided as long as possible;,There is still hope for a cure.,Hospice care,Service usually provided to patients who have only 6 months to live;,There is no hope for a cure.,1,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Suggested answers,Task 1 Overview,Fill in the following table according to Text A to compare the advantages and disadvantages of end-of-life care at hospitals,nursing homes and homes.,Critical reading and thinking,2,Place of end-of-life care,Advantages,Disadvantages,Hospitals,Availability of medical resources,including doctors,nurses and facility around the clock,Hospital rules,Limited space,Privacy issue,Nursing homes,Closer relationship with nursing staff,More personalized care,Limited access to doctors,Privacy issue,Homes,Familiar environment,Freedom for family and friends to come and go,Physical,emotional and financial burden for the caregivers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 1/Medical terminology,Match each definition with its corresponding English,term and Chinese equivalent.,English,Chinese,Definition,1,treatment of disease,especially cancer,by means of chemical agents,2,treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms,3,surroundings like a crown(especially of the blood vessels surrounding the heart),4,serving or tending to cure,5,separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes,chemotherapy,化学疗法,消毒，杀菌,disinfection,冠状动脉的,coronary,curative,治疗的，治愈的,dialysis,透析,Suggested answers,Language building-up,2,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,English,Chinese,Definition,6,a deficiency of red blood cells,7,tending or serving to palliate,8,a federally sponsored health insurances program in the U.S.for persons of 65 or older,9,of,relating to,or affecting the lungs,10,of,relating to,or making use of several disciplines,pulmonary,肺的,anemia,贫血（症）,palliative,姑息,/,缓和的（疗法）,Medicare,美国联邦医疗保险,multidisciplinary,多学科的，跨学科的,Task1/Medical terminology,Match each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.,Suggested answers,2,Language building-up,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 2/Signpost language,Scan the text and then write down the sentences in which signpost language indicating examples are used.,1.These patients also receive symptom care or palliative care.,For example,in time George developed anemia along with his heart failure.Managing the anemia can improve some of the symptoms troubling George.,2.It is important to remember that stopping treatment specifically aimed at curing an illness does not mean discontinuing all treatment.,A good example,is an older person with cancer.,3.Choosing hospice does not have to be a permanent decision.,For example,Delores was eighty-two when she learned that her kidneys were failing.,4.In order to make comfort care available at home,you will have to arrange for services(,such as,visiting nurses)and special equipment(like a hospital bed or bedside commode).,Language building-up,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 3/Formal English,Rewrite the following sentences from Text A with a less formal style.,1 If the dying person has lived in the facility for a while,the staff and family have probably already established a relationship.(Para.7),If the dying person has lived in the facility for a while,the staff and family have probably become as close as friends.,In a palliative care program,a multidisciplinary health care team works with both the patient and family to provide any supportmedical,social,and emotionalneeded to live with a possibly fatal illness.(Para.13),In a palliative care program,a health care team made up of people from different disciplines gives both the patient and family any medical,social,and emotional support so that the patient can live with a deadly disease.,Language building-up,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text A,Task 3/Formal English,Rewrite the following sentences from Text A with a less formal style.,Palliative care could transition to hospice care.Or,the palliative care could continue,with increasing emphasis on comfort care and less focus on medical treatment aimed at a cure.(Para.13),Palliative care could change to hospice care.Even if the palliative care continued,the emphasis should be put on comfort care,not on medical treatment or a cure.,Choosing hospice does not have to be a permanent decision.(Para.18),If you choose hospice now,you can change it later.,Language building-up,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,_ homes(,养老院,),_care(,临终关怀,),congestive heart _(,充血性心衰,),available_(24,小时随叫随到,),_ care unit(,冠心病监护室,),to _ to treatment(,对治疗有反应,),skilled nursing _(,专业护理机构,),_care(,生命终末期护理,),_ care(,舒适护理,),Text A,Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,nursing,hospice,failure,around the clock,coronary,respond,facility,end-of-life,comfort,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,hospital _ planner(,出院计划专员,),symptom _(,症状护理,),_care(,姑息疗法,),_illness(,绝症,),chronic obstructive _ disease,慢性阻塞性肺病,_treatment(,实验性治疗,),spiritual _(,精神顾问,),_ all treatment(,终止所有治疗,),to go through _(,经历透析,),Text A,Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,discharge,care,palliative,fatal,pulmonary,experimental,advisors,discontinue,dialysis,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,in vitro,_(,体外受精,),_ biology(,基础生物学,),embryonic_ research(,胚胎干细胞研究,),to _ with an outsider(,与圈外人合作,),a(n)_ baby(,试管婴儿,),_sciences(,生殖科学,),to administer_(,施用激素,),to isolate _ eggs(,分离未成熟卵子,),Text C,Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,fertilization,basic,stem cell,collaborate,test-tube,reproductive,hormones,immature,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,_ observations(,经验观察,),_ work(,首创研究,),a fibric-optic _(,光导纤维内窥镜,),_ guidelines(,伦理原则,),societal _(,社会关注,),_ couples(,不孕不育夫妇,),_ diseases(,遗传疾病,),cystic _(,囊泡性纤维症,),ethical_(,伦理困境,),Text C,Language Building-up,Vocabulary Test,empirical,pioneering,endoscope,ethical,concern,infertile,inherited,fibrosis,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,dilemmas,Text C,Language building-up,Suggested answers,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Text C,Task:Translate the following from English into Chinese,Suggested answers,为了实现体外授精，爱德华兹必须解开基础生物学领域的诸多难题，其中部分难题的解决为胚胎干细胞研究打开了大门。同时，他还必须面对来自宗教界、政界、甚至英国剑桥大学中名声显赫的同事的反对。尽管爱德华兹性格开朗、为人体贴、积极参与公开辩论，但是对于人们指责他的科研违反伦理，他还是感到很伤心。,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Seminar&Presentation,Task,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Analyzing your audience and purpose,1.Background information:,Try to relate your message directly to your listeners common characteristics,including nationality,field of study,occupation,age,and sex,etc.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Analyzing your audience and purpose,2.Knowledge of the subject:,Try to select the topics that your listeners are interested in.Dont present a topic that is too technical or too specialized for them.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Analyzing your audience and purpose,3.Wants and needs:,Find your listeners wants and needs despite the fact that they vary from person to person and group to group.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Analyzing your audience and purpose,4.Level of English:,Find out your listeners level of English.Make sure that you use language that everyone can understand.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Task,Suppose you are to going to make a five-minute presentation on one of the following topics and occasion.During your preparation,analyze the purpose and the audience of your presentation based on the principles mentioned.,1.,Introducing IVF to children at a primary school.,2.,Advocating hospice care at a community center.,3.,Presenting your reflections on euthanasia to your university peers.,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Speaking,Additional activity,Group Presentation,Living wills,like euthanasia,have been legally accepted in some countries.However is it true in China?Work together with your partners and conduct a survey about it.The following prompts might be helpful to you.,1.Do we have living wills or something similar in China?,2.If so,what contents does a living will include?How are they implemented?If not,what might be the reasons for not adopting them?,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Writing,Writing discussion/comment,Task,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,Writing,Research Paper Project,Results,Discussion,Factual,Objective,Numerical,Informative,Presentable,Valid,Explanatory,Interpretative,Analytical,Critical,Evaluative,Illuminating,Unit 6,Life and Medicine,谢谢观赏,