音标课第一节.ppt

,*,音标课第一节,自我介绍,My name is Luo Jiao.,Im from Fujian,China.,Im an English teacher.,I like swimming.,Whats your name?,Where are you from?,How old are you?,国际音标简介,广义：国际音标,International Phonetic Alphabet,，原义是“国际语音字母”，简称,IPA,，由国际语音协会制定,狭义：英语国际音标（,DJ,音标，由英国语音学家,Daniel Jones,创立）。由于它用来标注英语的发音，一般都把它叫做英语国际音标，后来在国内干脆简称国际音标。,学习音标的作用,打好音标基础是学好英语的基本条件,（拼音,-,汉语；音标,-,英语）,提高听说能力，培养良好的语感,有助于依靠读音记单词,“见其形读其音，听其音写其形”,学习音标的要求,重视英语听说能力,结合单词识记音标,大胆开口练习，不要害怕犯错,不放过任何机会，用心体会标准的发音,音标一览表,26,个英语字母的发音,语音知识,1),字母：语言的书写形式。,元音字母只有,a,e,i(y),o,u,2),音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有,48,音素。即,20,个元音音素和,28,个辅音音素,.,3),元音：发音响亮，口腔中气流不受阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。,英语中有,20,个元音。,4),辅音：发音不响亮，口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。,英语中有,28,个辅音。,语音知识,5),音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。,apple,，,student,，,teacher,，,understand,。,6),开音节：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,如,:name,bike,home,house(What else?),b),辅音,+,元音,如：,he,go,hi,7),闭音节：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,如：,bad,，,bed,，,sit,，,hot,，,cup,b),元音,+,辅音 如：,it,8),重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,音标分类,英语国际音标共有,48,个,元音（,20,个）,长元音,/:/:/:/i:/U:/,短元音,/e/,双元音,/e/a/,/e/,/a/,音标分类,辅音（,28,个）,轻辅音,/p/t/k/f/s/h/ts/t/tr/,浊辅音,/b/d/g/v/z/r/dz/d/dr/,鼻音,/m/n/,半元音,/j/w/,边音,/,i:,舌尖轻抵下齿龈，舌前部抬高，但不抵上齿龈；,嘴角向后缩，使双唇呈扁平状；气流从口腔中流出，振动声带，发出此音。,me,sheep,teach,people,receive,i:,常见的字母组合,ee:three tree green sheep meet beef see seek,ea:eat tea meat leave lead teacher,team mean speak clean please,e:he she me we be,ie ei,（,eo ey i,）,:people piece,receive ceiling,绕口令：,A:Tea or coffee?B:Tea for,Lee and coffee for me,please.,:,舌端离开下齿，舌身平展，舌中部稍微抬起,双唇扁平，向左右略微拉开，成微笑状,气流从口腔中冲出,微振声带，发出此音。,her,bird,nurse,learn,work,:,常见的字母组合,ir:girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen,third bird,ur:turn burn nurse Thursday burger,ear:learn earn earth heard,er:term her serve,or:work worm work world,绕口令：,The early bird catches the worm first.,a:,舌端离开下齿，舌身平放后缩，舌位,较,低；,口张大，气流从口腔中流出，振动声带,，发出此音,glass,car,laugh,heart,arm,a:,常见的字母组合,a:grass glass class plant,dance fast last half,ar:car star arm park,March hard garden dark,au:laugh aunt,ear:heart,绕口令：,Its far to the farm from the park.,:,舌尖离开下齿，舌后抬高，上下唇略为张大，唇形较圆，并用力向前突出,气流从口腔中冲出，振动声带，发出此音。,small,more,autumn,four,warm,door,:,常见的字母组合,a:water,aw:draw strawberry,al:ball wall call small,or:horse morning corn fork or short,oor:floor door,au:autumn,ar:warm,our:four bought,绕口令：,My daughter is forty-four.,i:常见的字母组合,“见其形读其音，听其音写其形”,ui:fruit juice,舌端离开下齿，舌后部向软腭抬高，舌位较高；,气流从口腔中冲出，振动声带，发出此音。,“见其形读其音，听其音写其形”,口张大，气流从口腔中流出，振动声带，发出此音,气流从口腔中流出，振动声带，发出此音。,Lee and coffee for me,please.,鼻音/m/n/,b)辅音+元音 如：he,go,hi,气流从口腔中流出，振动声带，发出此音。,or:horse morning corn fork or short,绕口令：Its far to the farm from the park.,/e/,u:,舌端离开下齿，舌后部向软腭抬高，舌位,较,高；,双,唇,尽量收缩成圆而小，并稍向前突出；,气流从口腔中冲出，振动声带，发出此音。,food,do,true,fruit,soup,shoe,打好音标基础是学好英语的基本条件（拼音-汉语；,气流从口腔中流出，振动声带，发出此音。,receive ceiling,Whats your name?,打好音标基础是学好英语的基本条件（拼音-汉语；,绕口令：My daughter is forty-four.,My name is Luo Jiao.,b)辅音+元音 如：he,go,hi,oor:floor door,dance fast last half,i:常见的字母组合,舌尖轻抵下齿龈，舌前部抬高，但不抵上齿龈；,How old are you?,元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u,a)辅音+元音+辅音+e,or:work worm work world,4)辅音：发音不响亮，口腔中气流受到阻碍；,u:,常见的字母组合,o:do who whose to,oo:food moon too soon room,ui:fruit juice,u:ruler blue full,ou:soup,oe:shoe,绕口令：,How do you do?You looked really cool.,Task,Review and preview,Rewrite the form of 26 letters,Read the words and sentences aloud,