comparisonandcontrast对比英文写作.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,comparison and contrast,对比 英文写作,Lecture Focus,Definitions of Comparison and Contrast,Basic Features,Select your topics,Set your purpose,Organize your ideas,Develop cohesion&style,Steps to Writing:,Brainstorming,Drafting,Revising,Suggested Activities/Homework,What You Should Know,Comparison-contrast is a common method of development that involves focusing on similarities and differences-or more likely on one or the other-in order to make a point.,When a writer is,comparing,he is pointing out the,similarities,that exist between subjects or items(such as persons,things,or ideas).,When a writer is,contrasting,he is pointing out the,differences,between subjects or items,even the two different aspects of the same subject(e.g.,the advantages vs.the disadvantages of a personal computer).,Select your topics,Activity:,Examine the following groups of topics.Please pick out the groups that you think are appropriate for discussing similarities and differences,and explain why you think they are appropriate for comparison/contrast.,buying a car vs.leasing a car,oranges and bananas,Shakespeare and Lu Xun,a musician and an architect,male and female attitudes about marriage,Activity,Broad Categories,Narrowed-down Topics,two books,two authors,two TV programs,two restaurants,two athletes,Set Your Purpose,Informative comparisons:,to explain differences between subjects.This type of writing generally does not recommend one item as being better than the others.,Persuasive comparisons:,to persuade readers that one subject is superior to others.,Organize your ideas,subject-by-subject,point-by-point,Subject-by-subject organization,Subject A:,Point 1,Point 2,Point 3,Point 4,Subject B:,Point 1,Point 2,Point 3,Point 4,Example,Professor Yang:,classroom instruction,homework,exam,grading,Professor Wu:,classroom instruction,homework,exam,grading,Point-by-point organization,Point 1:,Subject A,Subject B,Point 2:,Subject A,Subject B,Point 3:,Subject A,Subject B,Point 4:,Subject A,Subject B,Example,Classroom instruction Professor Yang,Professor Wu,Homework Professor Yang,Professor Wu,Exam Professor Yang,Professor Wu,Grading Professor Yang,Professor Wu,Steps to Writing,Activity 1:Group Discussion,Please work with your fellow students to find out everything that you know about KFC and McDonalds.,You may use the following chart to help you find out the useful information.,Step 1:Brainstorming,KFC,McDonalds,Location,Food,Price,Service,Coupons,Dinning Environment,Other suggested topics,Dalian Department Store vs.MACAL(Victory Plaza),Hymall vs.Walmart(or Carrefour),Two big hotels youve worked for,Activity 2:,Discuss with your classmates on the chart above.Choose the ideas that seem to pair off.Eliminate those that dont pair off well and seem irrelevant to our comparison.You may develop a better-organized chart this time.,KFC,McDonald,s,Location,Food,Price,Service,Coupons,Dinning Environment,Step 2:Drafting,1.Developing a Topic Sentence,Activity 1:,Please write a topic sentence for a paragraph which contrasts KFC and McDonalds.,_,Activity 2:,Look at your topic sentence once again.Does it generalize the central idea in your writing?Is it a point of view,rather than a simple and plain fact?Is your topic sentence sharp and clearly focused?Revise your topic sentence.,_.,2.Organizing your paragraph,Activity 1:,Please choose a developing pattern to organize your ideas.Work out your outline in the following blanks.,Subject by Subject Pattern,T.S.:_,Subject 1:_,Sub-topic 1:_,Sub-topic 2:_,Sub-topic 3:_,Subject 2:_,Sub-topic 1:_,Sub-topic 2:_,Sub-topic 3:_,Point by Point Pattern,T.S.:_,Point 1:_,Subject a:_,Subject b:_,Point 2:_,Subject a:_,Subject b:_,Point 3:_,Subject a:_,Subject b:_,Develop cohesion&style,Activity:,Do you know other transitional words or expressions for comparison and contrast?Make a list of them.,Short Conjunctions,Longer Expressions,Similarly,Likewise,.the same.,.the same as.,.also.,too.,both,In the same way,X is similar to Y in that(they).,X and Y are similar in that(they).,Like X,Y verb.,In like manner,One way in which X is similar to Y is(that).,Another way in which X is similar to Y is(that).,Similarities:,Differences:,Short Conjunctions,Subordinating Conjunctions,However,In contrast,By contrast,.,but,.,yet,On the other hand,even though+sentence,although+sentence,whereas+sentence,unlike+sentence,while+sentence,nevertheless,