英语专四倒装.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,倒装句,1/25,2/25,3/25,考查重点,:,1.,以,so/neither/nor/no more,开头倒装句,2.,以,only,强调状语倒装句,3.,以否定词开头倒装句,4.,省略了,if,倒装虚拟条件从句,5.there be,存在倒装句,6.as/though,引导倒装让步状语从句,7.as,引导倒装原因状语从句,8.,so/suchthat,引导程度,/,结果状语从句,9.,however,引导让步状语从句,10.以,be,开头让步状语从句,4/25,英语最基本语序是“主语,+,谓语动词”，这叫作正常语序或自然语序。假如谓语动词放到主语之前，这就是倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前，就形成全部倒装；假如只是把助动词,/,情态动词放在主语之前，这称为部分倒装。倒装原因有两个：语法需要和修辞需要。英语倒装句是历年英语专四考试重点之一。对倒装句考查主要表达在以下几个方面。,5/25,一、以,so/neither/nor/no more,开头倒装句,在否定句中，用,nor/neither/no more,表示前面,所否定情况也适合用于另一个,/,些人或物，说明另,一主语“也不,”,时，需用倒装语序。如：,The first one wasnt good and neither,was the second.,I didnt read the notice on the blackboard,nor did he,.,在必定句中，惯用“,so+be/have/,助动词,+,主语”,结构,说明前一句谓语表示情况也适合用于另一个,/,些人或物。,Society has changed and so,have the people in it.,Parking is a great problem and so,is the traffic in and around cities,6/25,假如主语和上一句主语相同，表示同意,对方看法,，意为“,是；确实如此”,，这,时不,用倒装,：,John studies very hard.,So he does.,7/25,二、以,only,强调状语倒装句,副词,only,所强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状,语、时间状语等位于句首时，引发部分倒装。,Only by seizing every minute,can we,finish the work on time,Only then,did we,realize that the man was blind.,Only after three operations,was she,able to walk without sticks,假如,only,修饰词不是作状语而是作主语时，句,子就不用倒装。如：,Only his mother was invited,Only some of the boys passed the examination,8/25,三、以否定词开头倒装句,为了强调句子中否定状语，常将其置于句首，,这时普通引发部分倒装。常见含有否定意义副,词、连词或词组有：,at no time,by no means,hardly,/scarcely/barely when,few,little,never,no,sooner than,not,not until,nowhere,not only,but also,on no account,rarely,seldom,under/,in no circumstances,等。如：,Seldom in all my life,have I,met such a determined person,Hardly,had he,finished when someone rose to refute his views,Little,does he,care about what others think,9/25,not only but also,假如连接两个句子，则第一个句子倒装，第二个句子不倒装。如：,Not only,is the story,interesting,but also its English will help us in writing,假如否定词只否定主语或副词，就不用倒装：,Hardly anybody believes that,Not long ago it rained,10/25,四、省略了,if,倒装虚拟条件从句,在含有,were,had,should,等词虚拟条件从句中，可把连词,if,省去，把这三个词移至句首，从而形成倒装。如：,Were he,here now(=If he were here now),he would tell us what to do,Had the management,acted sooner,the strike wouldnt have happened,Should it,not rain,the crops would die,Were they,to arrive before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have a wonderful dinner party,11/25,五、,there be,存在倒装句,there be,表示存在句子，其后名词词,组为主语，从而形成倒装。如：,There,must be many shortcomings and errors,in that book,There,is a young man,waiting for you outside,there to be,用在及物动词或介词,for,之后；其,他情况用,there being,结构,(,作主语、状语、介,宾等）。,12/25,六、,as/though,引导倒装让步状语从句,在,as/though,引导让步状语从句中，位于句首能够,是形容词、名词、副词、动词原形、,-ed,分词等。在句首,假如是名词，不要带冠词；但假如名词前有形容词修饰，则,经常带冠词。如：,Great,as Newton was,many of his ideas have been challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time,Much,though he likes her,he does get annoyed with her sometimes.,Child,as he is,he can ride a horse,Tired,as he was,he worked late into the night,13/25,七、,as,引导倒装原因状语从句,在,as,引导原因状语从句中，有时把表语提前。它和,as,引导让步状语从句区分，主要依据句子表示意思来判断。当主句和从句表示相互对立关系时，是让步状语从句；当主句和从句表示正常因果关系时，是原因状语从句：,The house was very quiet,isolated,as it was on the side of a mountain,Tired,as he was,he went to bed early,Young,as he was,he was not equal to the task,14/25,八、,so/suchthat,引导程度,/,结果状语从句,so,在句首修饰形容词或副词表示强调时，主句要,用倒装语序，后面接,that,引导程度,/,结果状语从句。,So astonishend,was he,that he could scarcely contain himself.,So loudly,did he,speak that he was heard upstairs.,在强调某个名词词组语义作用时，用作表语,代词,such,也可位于句首，形成倒装，后跟,that,引导,结果状语从句：,Such,was the force of the explosion,that all the windows were broken.,Such,was his anxiety,that he couldnt stop trembling.,15/25,九、,however,引导让步状语从句,however,为连接副词，引导让步状语从句，其意,义和作用相当于,no matter how,however,后面接形,容词或副词，其结构为“,however+,形容词,/,副词,+,主语,+,谓语”：,However talented a man may be,the collective will always be wiser and stronger.,However cold it is,she always goes swimming.,16/25,十、以表示“地点”介词短语开头倒装句,当句首为表示地点介词短语时，为了保持句,子结构平衡，或为了使上下文衔接紧密，常使用,倒装结构：,Along the dusty road,came a group of tourists,.,Outside the entrance,stood two police officers with guns.,17/25,十一、以,be,开头让步状语从句,两种句式：一是“,be+,主语,+or,连接两个表语”，相当于,whetheror:,Be he rich or poor,(Whether he is rich or poor),Ill marry him all the same.,Be he friend or foe,the law regarded him as criminal.,二是“,be+,主语,+ever so+,形容词”，相当于,no,matter how:,Be a child ever so clever,if he doesnt learn,he knows nothing.,Be the rain ever so heavy,I must go to see you this afternoon.,18/25,英语专业四级考试真题：,1.A:Mother,you promised to take me out.,B:Well,_.(),A.so I did B.so did I,C.so I do D.so do I,2.It is going to be fine tomorrow._.(),A.So is it B.So it is,C.So it does D.So does it,3.Little _ about her own safety,though she,herself was in great danger.(),A.she cared B.she may care,C.may she care D.did she care,19/25,4._ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend,he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.(),A.Much though B.Much as,C.As much D.Though much,5._ you _ further problems with your printer,contact your dealer for advice.(),A.If;had B.Have;had,C.Should;have D.In case;had,6._,Ill marry him all the same.(),A.Was he rich or poor B.Whether rich or poor,C.Were he rich or poor D.Be he rich or poor,20/25,7._ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region.(),A.Only if,will B.If only,would,C.Should,will D.Unless,would,8._,he always tries his best to complete it on time.(1999),A.However the task is hard,B.However hard the task is,C.Though hard the task is,D.Though hard is the task,21/25,9._ he needed money for a new car,he decided not to borrow it from the bank.(1998),A.Much as B.Much though,C.As much D.Though much,10.He is not under arrest,_any restriction on him.(1995),A.or the police have placed,B.or have the police placed,C.nor the police have placed,D.nor have the police placed,22/25,11.So badly _ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.(1994),A.did he injure B.injured him,C.was he injured D.he was injured,23/25,12.It is not uncommon for there _ problems of communication between the old and the young.(),A.being B.would be,C.be D.to be,13.There used to be a petrol station near the park,_?(),A.didnt it B.doesnt there,C.usednt it D.didnt there,14.Whats the chance of _ a general election this year?(),A.there being B.there to be,C.there be D.there going to be,24/25,15.There _ nothing more for discussion,the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.(),A.to be B.to have been,C.being D.be,16._ no cause for alarm,the old man went back to his bedroom.(1996),A.There was B.Since,C.Being D.There being,25/25,