高考英语复习-第二部分-知识运用篇-专题4-语法填空-第1讲-动词的时态语态及主谓一致.pptx

专题四语法填空,知识利用篇,第二部分,有提醒词填空,第一讲动词时态、语态及主谓一致,1/50,1,技能突破,3,随堂训练,2,走出误区,4,复习练案,2/50,技 能 突 破,3/50,技法1：基本定义需记牢,高考语法填空对时态考查多为基本定义考查，所以掌握高考考试说明中要求时态基本使用方法对解题非常主要,4/50,(全国卷,)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and_(be)too violent for use at the table.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,句子缺乏谓语,依据从句中would及连词and判断,谓语动词表示过去,联想表示过去时态基本定义,尝试解答：_,were,5/50,(北京高考改编)I _(read)half of the English novel，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.,(北京高考改编)Jack _(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.,Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I _(leave)my book in the cafe.,The best information about hotels usually _(come)from friends who have been there.,have,read,was,working,had,left,comes,6/50,技法2：时间状语要明了,在高考语法填空中，有时会直接给出时间标志，考生能够依据所给标志词或时间状语轻松得出答案。,7/50,(四川高考)Then，after two and a half years，the mother_(drive)the young panda away.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,句子缺乏谓语,依据时间状语after two and a half years判断,表示过去情况,尝试解答：_,Drove,8/50,技法解读,切记各种时态惯用标志词,看到,always，usually，often，sometimes，every week(day，year，month.)，once a week(day，year，month.)，on Sundays等时间状语，,想到,普通现在时；,看到,yesterday，last时间(如1astweek，month.year，Monday等)，in过去年份，时间ago(如a few minutes ago，two weeks ago，years ago等)，before，the age of，the other day，once upon a time，时间段later等时间状语，,要想到,用普通过去时；,看到,tomorrow，next day(week，month，year.)，soon，the day after tomorrow，in时间段(in two hours，in a few minutes等)，in the future等时间段，,要想到,用普通未来时；,9/50,看到,now，at this time，at this moment，look，listen，at present，these days，this week等标志词，,要想到,用现在进行时；,看到,for一段时间，since时间点，since时间段ago，ever since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，lately，recently，up to now，in,/during/,over the past/last一段时间，,要想到,用现在完成时；,看到,by,/before/,by the end of/by the time of过去时间点，,要想到,用过去完成时。,10/50,(全国卷,)This cycle _(go)day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.,Once up on a time，there _(be)a silly emperor who loved clothing more than anything else.,At the moment，he is _(write)an article which is related to the origin of human beings.,In the last few years，China _(make)great achievements in environmental protection.,goes,was,writing,has,made,11/50,技法3：语境了解少不了,高考对动词考查更关注经过语境解题，所以学会判断上下文语境信息很关键。,12/50,(江苏高考)The publication of,Great,Expectations,which _(be)both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,句子缺乏谓语,依据主句时态strengthened判断,从句谓语表示过去发生事情,尝试解答：_,was,13/50,技法解读,句子没有明确时间状语，考生需借助上下文语境，挖掘 出隐含信息，搞清动作发生时间以及次序，才能得出答案。,14/50,(全国卷,)In 1969，the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It _(be)unimaginable that it could be ever cleaned up.,To my delight，I _(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.,I went to Ningxia and _(stay)there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.,was,was,chosen,staged,15/50,技法4：固定句式很主要,固定句式在高考语法填空中占有一席之地，所以记牢它们对解题非常关键。,16/50,(天津高考)I _(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,使用固定结构,“,was/were doing.when.正在.就在这时突然.,”,。,依据固定结构判断,主句中时态应用过去进行时,尝试解答：_,解析：,考查固定句型was/were doing.when.正在.就在这时突然.。句意：我正驾车开往伦敦，就在这时我突然发觉自己走错了路。,was,driving,17/50,技法解读,切记几个固定句式,看到,no sooner.than.或hardly.when.，,要想到,主句用过去完成时，从句用普通过去时；,看到,并列连词when，,要想到,与was/were doing连用；,看到It,/This/,That is序数词that从句，要想到从句用现在完成时；,看到,It,/This/,That was序数词that从句，,要想到,从句用过去完成时；,看到,It/This is最高级十名词that从句，,要想到,从句用现在完成时；,看到,“,祈使句and/or陈说句,”,，,要想到,陈说句用普通未来时。,18/50,Its said that this is the first time the painting _(show)to the public，which attracts many people.,It goes without saying that this is the best place I _(be)to.,Yesterday，I _(wait)for bus when the rain started to come down.,Put your heart into study，and you _(make)a lot of progress soon.,has,been,showed,have,been,was,waiting,will,make,19/50,技法5：逻辑关系要理清,搞清句中主语与谓语动词逻辑关系是做题根本。假如主语和谓语存在主动关系，用主动语态；假如主语和谓语存在被动关系，用被动语态。,20/50,(全国卷,)Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,句子缺乏谓语,判断主语chopsticks与谓语make逻辑关系,被动关系,尝试解答：_,be,made,21/50,技法解读,(1)切记高考常考几个时态被动语态,各种时态被动语态,组成(以do为例),普通现在时,am,/is/,are done,普经过去时,was/were done,普通未来时,shall/will be done,现在进行时,am,/is/,are being done,过去进行时,was/were being done,现在完成时,have/has been done,过去完成时,had been done,未来完成时,shall/will have been done,22/50,(2)不能用被动语态动词和短语,不及物动词(短语)没有宾语，故不能用于被动语态。take place，come true，come about，break out，appear，happen，disappear，last，arise等。,表示主语特征词，如read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，drive，open等，常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。,系动词如appear，be，become，fall，feel，get，grow，keep，look，remain，seem smell，sound，stay，taste，turn等不能用于被动语态。,23/50,(四川高考)The giant，panda _(love)by people throughout the world.,(江苏高考改编)More efforts，as reported，_(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply side structure reform.,(江苏高考)He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he _(follow),Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what _(look)nice.,Because of the heavy snow，a serious accident _(happen)to the family.,is,loved,will,be,made,was,being,followed,looks,happened,24/50,技法6：主谓一致标准,(全国卷,)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow_(be)often acceptable.,解题思绪,分析句子结构,句子缺乏谓语,动名词短语作主语,可判断谓语动词用单数,尝试解答：_,is,25/50,技法解读,(1)语法一致标准,主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。,当and连接两个或多个名词，或both.and.连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。,主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，rather than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词单复数形式由主语单复数形式决定。,“,a number of名词复数,”,作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；,“,the number of名词复数,”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,26/50,定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词数应与句中先行词数保持一致。,不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。比如：Reading is learning.读书就是学习。,在倒装句中，谓语动词数应与其后主语保持一致。,27/50,(2)意义一致标准,即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表示概念。,由and连接两个名词，假如是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。,表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时，普通被看作一个整体，谓语动词惯用单数形式。,集体名词(如family，team，crowd，company，class，group，government等)假如表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；假如表示集体中组员，则谓语动词用复数形式。,28/50,(3)就近一致标准,由either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).，not.but.或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近主语在人称和数上保持一致。,There be.和Here be.这两个句式中be动词常与最近主语在数上保持一致。,29/50,(温州一模)It was the boy，rather than his teacher，that _(be)to blame for what he had done.,(双鸭山一模)The number of traffic accidents that happen in developing countries _(be)increasing.,To a disabled person，even 50 meters _(be)a long distance to cover.,It is reported that there _(be)going to be heavy storms in the coming month.,Not only I but also Jane and Mary _(be)tired of having one examination after another.,was,is,is,are,are,30/50,At yesterdays party，the number of people invited _(be)fifty，but a number of them _(be)absent for different reasons.,(天津高考)Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging and swimming，_(regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.,was,were,is,regarded,31/50,时成语态解题技巧四步、一提醒,第一步，确定句子是否缺谓语,假如括号中给出词是动词，首先分析句子成份，看句子是否缺谓语。,第二步，确定动词时态,确定缺乏谓语之后，依据详细语境、时间状语等确定使用哪种时态。,第三步，确定动词语态,依据主语和谓语动词逻辑关系确定语态。,第四步，确定主谓一致,32/50,最终依据主语确定谓语动词在人称和数上一致性。提醒：假如括号中给出词是动词，偶然会考查词性转换。比如：,E,v,ery,morning,w,hen,w,e,get,up,，,w,e,ha,v,e,a,_(,choose,),of,ho,w,w,e,w,ant,to,face,life,that,day,.,choice,33/50,走 出 误 区,34/50,易错点1相近时态混用,(青岛一模)China _(spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years.,(母题变式),China _(spend)a lot of money on such research before Tu Youyou gained the award.,has,spent,had,spent,35/50,点拨,现在完成时和过去完成时区分,(1)现在完成时是指某个动作从过去开始一直连续到现在，或对现在有影响，是站在,“,现在,”,时间点上；过去完成时则比现在完成时往前推了一段时间，即,“,过去过去,”,，是站在,“,过去,”,时间点上。,(2)题,依据over the past years可知spend这个动作是站在,“,现在,”,时间点上，填has spent；题,依据before Tu Youyou gained the award可判断spend这个动作是站在,“,过去,”,时间点上，填had spent。,36/50,易错点2语境信息把握不准,(东城一模)The manager _(leave)for London for a business conference this afternoon Can you get him to the airport?,(母题变式),The manager _(leave)for London for a business conference already.Can you visit him when he comes back?,is,leaving,has,left,37/50,点拨,(1)依据题,中后文Can you get him to the airport？说明经理将要离开，此处be现在分词表示未来时，故填 is leaving。,(2)依据题,中后文Can you visit him when he comes back？说明经理已经离开。另外，依据标志词already，故填has left。,38/50,易错点3把其它成份当成主语,It is reported that these ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be)very effective.,(母题变式),It is reported that finding ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be)his life goal.,are,is,39/50,点拨,(1)题,中主语为these ways，所以谓语要用复数形式。,(2)题,中主语为finding ways，动名词作主语，所以谓语要用单数形式。,40/50,随 堂 训 练,41/50,.单句练习,More subway lines_(build)to make travelling easy in Beijing in the coming years.,Since its start，WeChat_(develop)into the most popular messaging communication service in China.,The father as well as his three children_(go)skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.,My grandpa has been enjoying good health ever since he _(stop)smoking.,My uncle_(live)in Taiwan for 20 years.Now he has settled down in the mainland.,will be,built,has,developed,goes,stopped,lived,42/50,Every December Nobel Prizes_(award)to people who have made outstanding contributions to the world.,He was unhappy when he sold his violin.After all，he _(have)it for a very long time.,The professor has just finished writing a book and it _(publish)before long.,are,awarded,had,will,be,published,43/50,.易错练习：注意以下动词不规则改变,He opened the door，_(take)off his coat and went into the kitchen.,He_(write)a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.,Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example，the information for weather forecasts _(send)by satellites.,The dog was very happy，and_(eat)the meat up at once.,The pictures displayed on the wall_(choose)from thousands of students.,took,wrote,is,sent,ate,were,chosen,44/50,.语篇练习：用适当时态语态填空。,Every April，there 1._(be)a special day when people remember and honor their ancestors.It 2._(call)Tomb Sweeping Day，also known as Qingming Festival.,Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival.It 3._(begin)over 2,000 years ago.A lot of poems about Qingming 4._(write)by the end of the Tang Dynasty.A well-known poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu 5._(describe)the day:,“,Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes，and passersby with lowered spirits go.,”,is,is,called,began,had,been,written,describes,45/50,Tomb Sweeping Day 6._(be)a public holiday on the Chinese mainland since.On this day，families bring flowers，food and wine to their ancestors tombs.Food like cakes and fruits 7._(put)in front of the tombs.Thats because people think that visiting tombs during Qingming Festival 8._(be)to show respect to their dead family members.However，Tomb Sweeping Day is not only about this.During that time，the weather 9._(get)warm.So Tomb Sweeping Day also means finally being able to garden and enjoy outdoor activities in China.,It is not clear whether these ways of celebrating Tomb Sweeping Day 10._(change)in the future.,has,been,is,put,is,is,getting,will,be,changed,46/50,解析：,由Every April可知此处表示经常性动作，故用普通现在时，there be句型中主语是a special day。,解析：,句意：它被称为清明节。依据句意可知此处用被动语态。,解析：,由时间标志词over 2,000 years ago可知此处用普通过去时。,解析：,by the end of过去时间，该句要用过去完成时。另外，poem和write存在被动关系。,解析：,文学作品中描述事例，要用普通现在时。,解析：,since过去时间点，主句用现在完成时。,47/50,48/50,复 习 练 案,49/50,50/50,