介词加关系代词与关系副词.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit5 Nelson Mandela,Peroid 5 Grammar,The Attributive Clause,第1页,关系代词使用方法,关系代词在从句中能够：,指人,指物,subject(,主语,),object(,宾语,),attribute,（定语）,whom,who,which,that,whose,何时能够省略？,做宾语时能够省略,第2页,The Attributive Clause,2,-Relative Adverbs,第3页,Learning Aims,1.,介词,+,关系代词引导定语从句,2.,定语从句中关系副词使用方法,第4页,1.,当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用,which/that(,指物,),who/whom/that(,指人,),作从句中介词宾语,.,而且作介词宾语关系代词能够省略。,(whom/who/that),(which/that),Dad is,a person,_ I can easily talk,to,.,Is this,the play,_ you were talking,about,just now?,介词,+which/whom,引导定语从句,第5页,2.,当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用,whom(,指人,),或,which(,指物,),，且关系代词不能省略。,The man,with,whom,you,talked,just now is my neighbor.,I cant find,the pen,with,which,I was,writing,.,介词,+,关系代词引导定语从句情况,1,第6页,介词,+,关系代词引导定语从句情况,1,The man whom you spoke,was a scientist.,The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,第7页,介词,+,关系代词情况,The man you spoke was a scientist.,The city she lives is far away.,to,in,2,Are these two sentences right?,whom,which,who,that,在介词之后不能用,who that,第8页,I saw the watch,which,you are,looking,?,The old man,whom,I am,looking,is better.,在,短语动词,中介词不能提前,下面两句中介词能提前吗,?,for,after,第9页,注意,:,在介词,+which/whom,引导定语从句结构中，有时,在其前可加名词，代词，数词等,。如：,No one wants the room,the windows of which,are broken.(“,”,，所属关系,),The old man has three sons,all of whom,are doctors.(,整体一部分或全部,),Last Sunday I bought several books from the bookstore,three of,which,were English novels.(,整体一部分或全部,),第10页,(2),依据,先行词,习惯搭配来决定。,I remember,the day,on,which,I joined the Party.,I remember,the days,during,which,I lived there.,3.,介词选取标准：,依据定语从句,谓语动词，形容词,习惯搭配来决定。,This is the book,on,which,I,spent,8 dollars.,This is the book,for,which,I,paid,8 dollars.,The thing,about/of,which,Mr.Smith,was,not,sure,was the young mans honesty.,第11页,(3),依据定语从句意义来决定,Wu Song was the man,by whom,the tiger was shot.,第12页,练习,第13页,用适当介词补充完整以下定语从句。,1.I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based.,2.The song,_ which he was interested,will never be heard again.,3.This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.,on,in,for,第14页,4.I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter.,5.They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly.,6.It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.,7.It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs.,8.I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.,with,of,with,to,on/upon,第15页,1.,I will never forget,the day,_ we studied together.,2.,That was,the pen,he wrote the letter.,on which,with which,for which,3.,Do you like the book,she,paid,$10?,4.Do you like the book,she,spent,$10?,5.This is the hero,we,are proud,.,6.There are three things _ she,is,not,sure,.,of whom,介词,+,关系代词情况 练习,on which,about which,第16页,5.,先行词是,the way,，意为“方式，方法”时，且在从句中做方式状语时，引导定语从句关系词用,that/in which,或省略,。,I didnt like,the way,_,she talked to me.,（,she talked to me in the way,）,The way,_he teaches English is interesting.(,he teaches English,in the,way,),（,that/in which,）,（,that/in which,）,Pay attention to this sentence:,I didnt like the way,_,_,_,he told to me.,（,he told,the way,to me,）,which/that/,省略,第17页,关系副词：,在定语从句中，当表示,时间、地点、原因,名词作先行词时，,且,先行词在定语从句中,作状语,，应用关系副词,when,where,why.,第18页,关系副词使用方法,关系副词,指代先行词,在从句中成份,When,(=at/in/on/during,等介词,+which),Where,(=in/at,等介词,+which),why(=for which),表时间,时间状语,表地点,地点状语,表原因,原因状语,第19页,关系副词,-when,where,why,1.,when,表示时间,，其先行词往往是表示时间,名,词（如,:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening,等）,在从句中作时间状语,when,可换成“,at/in/on/during,等,介词,+,关系代词”。,e.g.,I still remember,the day,when(=on which),I first came to Nanjing.,My father was born in,the year,when(=in which),World War broke out.,第20页,2.,where,表示地点，其先行词往往,是表示地点名词,(,如,:,place,room,house,hotel,school,city,等),，在从句当中作地点状语。,when,可换成“介词,+,关系代词”。如：,This is,the farm,where(=on which),we worked when we were young,.,My father was born in,the place,where(=in which),World War broke out,.,第21页,3.,why,表示原因，惯用在先行词,reason,后,表示原因，在从句当中做原因状语，相当于,for+which,There are several,reasons,why(=for which),the boys should be punished,.,Tom couldnt give,the teacher,the reason,why(=for which),he was late for school.,第22页,reason,作先行词时关系词使用,Im not clear about,the reason,for,which,he did it.,why,he did it,that,he did it.,先行词,the reason,for,which,why,that,第23页,The house,where,he lives,needs repairing,The reason,why,Jim was happy to help Mandela,was helping others.,The day,when,Mandela told me what to do and helped him,was the happiest day for Jim,.,下面我们学习一下关系副词,whenwherewhy,使用方法,第24页,The house,which,he lives in,needs repairing.,The house,in which,he lives,needs repairing.,The house,where,he lives,needs repairing,Comparing and discovering,第25页,The reason,why,Jim was happy to help Mandela,was helping others.,The reason,for which,Jim was happy to help Mandela,was helping others.,第26页,.,The day,when,Mandela told me what to do and helped him,was the happiest day for Jim.,The day,on which,Mandela told me what to do and helped him,was the happiest day for Jim,第27页,4.,关系副词使用方法注意点,(1),当先行词为,time,，表示“次数”时，应用关系词,that,或省略。如：,This is,the first time,(that),the president has visited the country.,4.关系副词使用方法注意点,第28页,(2),当,point,situation,case,position,stage,condition,等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场所”等抽象意思时，其后常由,where,引导定语从句，,where,在句中作状语。如：,Ive come to,the,point,where,I cant stand him.,我已经到了,无法容忍他,地步了,We are in,a position,where,we may lose a large sum of money.,我们正处于,可能损失一笔钱,境地。,Can you think of,a situation,where,this phrase can be used?,你能想到一个,使用这个短语,情况吗？,第29页,小结,:,关系词选择,1.,找先行词,2.,先行词在从句中作什么成份,（,1,）主语、宾语、表语、定语,-,关系代词,状语,-,关系副词,（,2,）先行词前是否需要介词,要,-,关系副词 不要,-,关系代词,第30页,关系词,及其使用方法小结,关系代词,指代,在定从中,省略否,who,whom,whose,which,that,人,作,主,语,不省,人,作,宾,语,可省,人/物,(),作,定,语(,+,n,),不省,事/物,作,主,语/,宾,语,作宾语时可省,人/物,作,主,语/,宾,语,作宾语时可省,关系代词在定语从句中,作宾语时,能够,省略,that,关系副词,指代,在定从中,省略否,when,where,why,介词+,which,作,时间,状语,介词+,which,介词,for+which,作,地点,状语,作,原因,状语,不省,不省,不省,不能够,省略,第31页,辨析,which,or where/when/why,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,第32页,which or where/when/why,1.This is,the museum,_,my mother worked 10 years ago.,(worked,in the museum,地点状语,),This is,the museum,_,was built in 1950.,(,the museum,was build),（museum,主语,）,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,where,which,第33页,2.July 1,1921 was,the day,_,our,Party,was,founded,(,成立).,(,our Party was founded,on the day,作状语）,July 1,1921 was,the day,_,we will not forget.,（,we will never forget,the day,作宾语）,when,which,which or where/when/why,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,及物动词,第34页,3.I remember,the days,_,I lived in my home town.,(,I lived in my home town,during,the,days,作状语）,I remember,the days,_,I spent with my grandpa.,（,I spent the days with.,the,days,作宾语,）,when,which,which or where/when/why,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,第35页,4.,The,house,_,we,re going to visit,was built a century ago.,(,visit the house),The,house,_,used to be a temple,is a school now.,(,the,house,used to be a temple),The,house,_,he used to live,was flooded.,(he used to live,in,the,house,),(which /that),which /that,where,第36页,5.A bookstore is a place_ you can get books.,(you can get the books,in,the,place,),A bookstore is a place _ books are sold.,(books are sold,in,the,place,),A bookstore is a place _ sell books.,(,the,place,sells books),where,which/that,where,第37页,6.I can,t find the card _ I wrote your address.,(I wrote your address,on,the card,),I can,t find the card _ _ I wrote your address.,7.The box _ he put his photos is gone.(he put his photo,into the box,),The box _ he is carrying is heavy.,(he is carrying,the,box,),where,where,on,which,(that/which),第38页,8.The hotel _ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside.,(we stayed,in the hotel,),The hotel _ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable.,(,the hotel,stands by the seaside),where,which/that,which or where/when/why,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,第39页,9.The reason _,he did it,is not clear.,(he did it,for,.reason,作状语,),The reason _,he gave to the teacher,is unbelievable.,(he gave,the,reason(,宾语),to the teacher),why,which,which or where/when/why,在定语从句中,作状语,还是,作主语,/,宾语,第40页,Thank you,第41页,