高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-4-Sharing.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 4,Sharing,1/47,关键单词,muddy,mud,concept,weekly,1_,adj,.泥泞；泥土般_,n,泥土,2_,n,观念；概念,3_,adj,.&,ad,v,.每七天(),4._,adj,.相关；切题,relevant,remote,5_,adj,.遥远；偏僻,6_,v,i,.&,v,t,.调整；(使)适合_,n,调整；适合_,adj,.可调整,adjustable,adjust,adjustment,2/47,7_,n,台；平台；讲台；(火车站)月台,8_,v,i,.参加；参加_,n,参加；,参加_,n,参加者,platform,participate,9_,conj,.不然；不然,ad,v,.用别,方法；其它方面,10_,n,特权；尤其优待,participation,11_,n,安排；排列_,v,安排；,排列,participant,otherwise,privilege,12_,v,t,.烤(面包等)；敬酒,n,烤面包(片)；吐司,面包；干杯,arrangement,arrange,toast,13_,n,宇航员；太空人,astronaut,3/47,14_,v,t,.捐赠_,n,捐赠_,n,捐赠者,donate,donation,donator,voluntary,15_,adj,.自愿；志愿；无偿_,n,自愿者；志愿者,v,i,.自愿做,volunteer,purchase,16_,v,t,.&,n,买；购置,anniversary,17_,n,周年纪念(日)_,adj,.一年一,度,annual,political,politics,18_,adj,.政治；政党_,n,政治,19_,v,t,.分配；分发_,n,分配；,分发；分布状态,distribute,distribution,4/47,security,secure,20_,n,安全；保护；保障_,adj,.安全,；有保障,v,使安全；保卫；防护,v,t,.操作_,n,手,21_,v,i,.工作；运转,术；运转_,n,操作人员,operate,operation,operator,5/47,常考短语,hear,dying,other,relevant,1_ from 接到,信,2(be)_ to 极想,；渴望,participate,3the_ day 很快,前一天,4be_ to 和,相关,5_ in 参加,；参加,6dry _(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透,7dry _(指河流、井等)干涸,8in_ 在困难中；在危急中,out,up,need,6/47,get,come,stick,9_ through 完成,；穿过,10_ across 偶然碰到或发觉；遇见；,被了解,11_ out 伸出,share,with,12_ sth._ sb.和某人,共享某物,13to be _ 说实在,14_ down 熄灭；减弱,15_ out 绝种；毁灭,honest,die,die,7/47,经典佳句,most,of,whom,1 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these,students,_ _ _ will be going back to their,villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，,我真想知道化学对这些孩子,终究有多大用处。毕竟他们中大多数读完八年级以后就回到,他们村庄去了。,whether,2 You asked _ Im getting to know any local,people.你问我,是否定识当地老百姓。,8/47,课文回顾,whose,took,to get,arrived,Jo worked at a bush school 1._ classrooms were,made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.Theres no electricity or,water there.It 2._ (take)the students about two hours,3._(get)to school.Jo hoped to make some difference to,the childrens lives by teaching them.The other day,Jo visited,Tombes home.When they 4._ at the village,Tombes,mother who 5._(work)in the garden,started,crying“ieee ieee”Tombes father led them to his house,6._ low,had been working,a,9/47,sticking,which,newly,goodbyes,bamboo hut with grass 7._ (stick)out of the roof,in,8._ he could only see a few tin plates and cups and,grass.That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 9._(new)made,platform.They left the village the next morning after many,10._(goodbye)and firm handshakes.,10/47,单句语法填空,donate,participating,drying,1(,年北京卷,完形填空,)More recentl,y，the foundation,began another campaign called National Red Scarf Daya day,when people _ (donate)$20 and wear red scarves in,support of Canadas hungry and homeless.,2With so many students _(participate)in the,competition,it is difficult for you to defend your championship.,3 Global warming is an increasingly huge concern for the,world,which has led to many rivers and lakes _(dry)up,these years.,11/47,4To our surprise,the _(operate)on her heart lasted,three hours.,operation,was distributing,on,5The teacher _(distribute)the sweets,among the children when a boy burst out crying.,6I am afraid your leg will have to be operated _；,there is no other way to stop the pain.,be adjusted,7This kind of camera can _(adjust)to the,height you need.Besides,its not expensive at all.,8When a child is studying abroad,he must learn to adjust to,_(live)on his own.,living,12/47,9 You should participate with your friend _ his,sufferings.,in,voluntary,10We are willing to participate in the _,(volunteer)activity.,13/47,1,relevant,adj,.,相关；切题,be relevant to 与,相关,relevance,n,相关；相关性；适当,have no relevance to sth.与,没有相关性,【名师指津】,relevant 反义词是 irrelevant，意为“不相关；不切题,”。类 似 有：regular/irregular,religious/irreligious,responsible/irresponsible。,14/47,利用,单句语法填空,(1)His nationality isnt relevant _ whether he is a,good lawyer.,(2)Politicians private lives have no _(relevant),to their public roles.,to,relevance,is,(3)In the exams,make sure that everything you write,_(be)relevant to the questions you have been asked.,15/47,2,adjust,v,i,.&,v,t,.,调整；,(,使,)适合,adjust/adapt(on,eself)to sth.使(自己)适合/适应于某事,adjust to(doing)sth.调整(做)某事,adjustable,adj,.可调整,adjustment,n,调整；调整,make an adjustment to 对,作出调整,辨析,adjust,和,adapt,(1)adjust:to change sth.slightly to make it more suitable，强调,“逐步，慢慢地调整以适应”。,(2)adapt:to change sth.in order to make it suitable for a new,use or situation，表示为了适应新环境或目标去调整。,16/47,adjust,to,adjustments,利用,单句语法填空,(1)I really hope you can _(adjustment)your emotion,and be happy every day.,(2)However,I think that you will quickly adjust _,them although the weather and the food are different from yours.,(3)Our school will have to make _(adjust)in,agreement with the national soccer reform.,17/47,3,participate,v,i,.,参加；参加；相关系,participate in(doing)sth.参加(做)某事,participate with sb.in sth.与某人分担某事；同某人一起参加,某事,participant,n,参加者；参加人,辨析,participate in,attend,join,take part in,和,join in,(1)participate in 是正式用语，表示“参加、参加”。强调,与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一个主动态度参加。,(2)attend 是正式用语，普通用于指参加会议、出席仪式或,招待会等，也能够指上学、听课、听演讲或讲座等。,18/47,(3)join 是惯用词，做及物动词；通常指参加某组织或团体，,并成为其中一员，其宾语往往是 the army/party/team/club 或,sb.等。,(4)take part in 指参加群众性活动，侧重说明主语参加该,项活动并在其中发挥一定作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不,定冠词，如 take(an active)part in school/activities。,(5)join in 指参加正在进行活动，其宾语普通是竞赛、娱,乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，能够用于 join in(doing),sth./join sb.in(doing)sth.结构中。,19/47,利用,用上面辨析词或短语适当形式填空,(1)At the age of eight,he _ a group of,child-dancers.,joined,took part in,attend,(2)The children _ the English evening and,had a good time.,participate,(3)He didnt _ school yesterday because of,his illness.,(4)You should _ the creative process.,20/47,4,operate,v,i,.,工作；运转；营业；动手术,v,t,.,操作,；经营,operate on sb.(for some disease)给某人动手术,operation,n,操作；运作；手术,perform/carry out an operation 做手术,in operation 在运转之中；,生效；开始实施,come into operation 生效,put/bring sth.into operation 使,起作用/生效,operator,n,操作员；技工；管理者；接线员,21/47,【一词多义】,(1)People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt,operate,properly.运转,(2)No matter which machine he operates,he will deal with it,carefully.操作,(3)If the doctor had,operated,on him earlier,he wouldnt have,died.动手术,(4)The medicine will,operate,in ten minutes.起作用,(5)The people,operating,these factories are deeply concerned,about the environment.经营,22/47,on,operation,利用,单句语法填空,(1)The doctor suggested that you _,(operate)on.,(2)The doctors operated _ the patient but failed to,save his life.,(3)The local government will put the new law into _,(operate)next month.,(should)be operated,23/47,1,(be)dying to,极想；渴望,【名师指津】,常见同义短语有：be dying/eager for/to do sth.,long for/to,do sth.,be thirsty for/to do sth.等。,利用,单句语法填空,to have,is dying,for,(1)I am very tired and I am dying _(have)a good,rest.,(2)Firstly,as a student who _(die)to learn knowledge,now,it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.,(3)You said you would help me with my English in your last,letter,which is exactly what I am dying _.,24/47,2,dry out,(,使浸水等之物,)完全变干；干透,dry up(指河流、井等)干涸,dry off(使)变干；干透；弄干,【名师指津】,out,up,dry sb.out 使某人戒掉酒瘾,利用,用适当副词填空,(1)Dry _ the wet clothes in the sun.,(2)During the drought,the rivers dried _.,25/47,3,in need,在困难中；在危急中,in need of 需要,satisfy/meet ones needs 满足某人需要,There is no need for sb.to do sth./for doing sth.某人没必要做,某事,【联想发散】,in trouble 处于困境中,in danger 处于危险中,in order 按次序；整齐,in common 共同；共有,in debt 欠债,in fact 实际上；实际上,in peace 平静；宁静；和平,in public 当众；公开,in surprise 吃惊；诧异地 in time 及时；来得及,26/47,利用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)给那些困难中孩子捐些书和体育器材要比空喊口号,更有意义。,in,need,in,order,Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to,donate books and sports goods to children _ _.,(2)我将依次回答你这三个问题。,I will answer your three questions _ _.,27/47,(3)受战争、贫穷和疾病折磨，许多非洲孩子需要食物、,爱和关心。,in,need,of,Suffering from war,poverty and illness,many African,children are _ _ _ food,love and care.,(4)你没有必要担心他未来。,_ _ _ for you to be concerned about,his future.,Theres,no,need,28/47,原句,1,We walked for two and a half hours to get,therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic,views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们走了两,个半小时才到了那儿。先爬到了一座山山顶，从那儿我们欣,赏到了优美风景，然后又沿着陡峭山坡到了下面山谷。,from where 引导定语从句修饰 a ridge，在“介词关系,词”型定语从句中，关系词常为 which 或 whom，关系副词where,和 when 之前普通不加介词，比较特殊有 from where 和 since,when。,29/47,利用,单句语法填空,where,from,(1)China is the birthplace of kites,from _ kiteflying,spread to Japan,Korea and India.,when,what,(2)Alice stood at the window,_ where she could,watch her classmates playing football.,(3)My brother graduated from Beijing Normal University in,since _ he has worked as a teacher in a middle,school.,(4)They climbed to the top of the tower,from where they,could see _ was happening in the distance.,30/47,原句,2,It was such a privilege to have spent a day with,Tombes family.跟汤贝一家度过一天真是荣幸之至。,“It is/was a privilege,(,for sb.,),to do sth.”意为“,(,对某人来,说,),做某事真是荣幸”。,利用,单句语法填空,to talk,it,privileged,(1)Its a privilege for me _(talk)with you.,(2)Ladies and gentlemen,_ is a great privilege for me,to introduce our speaker for tonight.,(3)We consider ourselves _(privilege)to have,been invited to give a speech here.,31/47,原句,3,The gift you give is not something your loved one,keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who,really need it.你送礼品不是给你所爱人留念，而是给那些,确有生活需要人一项志愿性捐助。,not.but.意思是,“,不是,，而是,”,，连接两个表语。,注意：,not.but.,连接两个平行成份，当连接两个主语时，,谓语动词数按照,“,就近一致”标准确定。,32/47,利用,单句语法填空,(1)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into,what we do that _(benefit)our work most.,(2)As is known to us all,if we are in trouble,it is not our,phones _ our friends that can help us out.,(3)It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these,tools _ makes him a scientist.,benefits,but,that,33/47,from,attended,across,himself,activities,利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来,I have been dying to hear 1._ my elder brother since,he 2_(attend)college in September,where he shares the,dormitory with other three college classmates and he came,3._ some of his middle school classmates.Soon after he,went to college,he adapted 4._(he)to the life there.To,improve himself,my brother participated in all sorts of out-of-class,5._(activity)and recently he attended a class on the art of,34/47,arrangement,that,need,to buy,weekends,flower 6._(arrange)He is so kind-hearted a student,7._ he donated a lot of his favourite books to the Hope,Project the other day.Besides,he is in 8._(needy)of a new,computer,but he doesnt have enough money 9._(buy)one,and therefore,he plans to get a part-time job at 10._,(weekend),35/47,短文改错,(,一,),短文改错之名词与代词,1,名词,碰到名词首先注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；,其次还能够依据名词前修饰语或谓语动词单复数来判断。,另外，还要注意名词全部格。名词常考点有：,36/47,(1)在 three，one and a half，several，few，many，one of，a,couple of，a large number of，scores of，dozens of 等词语后，或,虽没有这些词但语境提醒我们，本应接复数可数名词，但文,中却用,了单数。,(2)像 advice，homework，information，news，progress，fun，,equipment，furniture，baggage，luggage，jewellery，clothing 等,不可数名词是没有复数形式，但在文中却用了复数。,(3)该用名词全部格，而没有用。,37/47,常见名词类错误：,(1)单复数或全部格错误,【例】,(,年新课标卷,短文改错,)The airs we bre,athe in,is getting dirtier and dirtier.,解析：,airsair,。由后面定语从句,“we breathe,”,可知，此,处先行词意思是,“,空气,”,，,air,当,“,空气,”,讲时为不可数名,词。故,airs,改为,air。,38/47,(2)词性转换错误,【例】,(,年新课标卷,短文改错,)My uncle tells,me that,the key to his success is honest.,解析：,honesthonesty,。由句意,“,他成功关键是诚信,(honesty)”,可知应该用名词形式。故,honest,改为,honesty。,39/47,(1)When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of,clothes.,_,_,(2)He has ruined his healthy.,_,_,40/47,答案解析：,（1）friendfriends。句意：当我最终抵达“我朋友家(my,friends)”时，他借给我许多衣服。故 friend 改为 friends。,（2）healthyhealth。在形容词性物主代词后应用名词，,故把 healthy 改为 health。,41/47,2,代词,对于短文中出现每一个代词都要查一下它所指代内容,及在句中作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一,致。常考代词包含人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代,词及疑问代词等。,对于代词考查，要注意以下几点：,(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词指代关系，注意联络上下,文，要注意人称一致、单复数一致以及性别一致关系。,(2)注意人称代词格误用，以及物主代词、反身代词或疑,问代词等错用。,42/47,(3)系统掌握 it 各种使用方法。,(4)准确把握不定代词在文中正确使用。,常见代词类错误：,(1)人称不一致,【例】,(,年新课标卷,短文改错,)This picture often,brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.,解析：,yourmy,。从整个语境以及,句子主语来看，此处,指,“,我高中时代美好回想,”,，故把,your,改为,my。,43/47,(2)代词混用,【例】,(,年新课标卷,短文改错,)If we go on a trip,abroad,we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot,get from books.,解析：,yourour,。依据前面主语,we,可知，此处要用,our，,表示“,我们能够开阔我们,(our),视野,”,，故把,your,改为,our。,44/47,(3)遗漏代词,【例】,(,年新课标卷,短文改错,)In the summer h,oliday,following my eighteenth birthday,I took driving lessons.I still,remember how hard first day was.,解析：,在,fir,st,前加,the/my。句意：我依然记得第一天是多,么艰难。表示特指,“,上驾驶课第一天,”“,我,(,上驾驶课,)第,一天”,，故,first day,前面加,the/my。,45/47,(1)(,年浙江卷,短文改错,)Close to the,school there was a,beautiful park with many trees around them.,_,_,(2)If its a false alarm and there is no fire,your teacher will,lead back to the classroom.,_,_,(3)Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.,_,_,46/47,答案解析：,(1)themit。with 复合结构是做定语修饰 park，所以这,里代词指是单数可数名词 park，故 them 改为 it。,(2)lead后加 you。lead 后缺乏宾语，根 据 前 面 “your,teacher”可知 lead 后加 you。,(3)parents 前加 his。句意：五分钟后，Tony 看见了他父,母。没有限定词 his 句意不够完整，故在 parents 前加上 his。,47/47,