中考英语简单句的五种基本类型课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,简单句,的五种基本类型,预备知识,Subject,主语,?,Predicate,谓语,?,Object,宾语,?,Predicative,表语,?,Full Verb,实义行为,动词,?,Link Verb,连系动词,?,还,“,简单句,”,呢,-,分不清了耶,!,郁闷死,!,休要担心少要害怕,-,简单句（,Simple Sentences,）,就是,只包含,一个主谓结构,的句子,-,它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫,简单句,的啊,!,英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,!-,呵呵,就像俺这样,:,Practice makes perfect!,-,熟能生巧,按,结构,分,一个完整的,简单句,由,“,主语部分,+,谓语部分,”,构成,The man,is a teacher,.,主语部分,谓语部分,He,works hard.,主语部分,谓语部分,He,teaches English well,.,主语部分,谓语部分,哲学上说,:,运动是绝对的,静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于,动词,一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词,(,除了省略句外,),动词,连系动词,行为动词,助动词,情态动词,be(am is are was were)/seem/keep,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,变得,不及物动词,laugh/smile/look/listen,及物动词,see/hear/drink/eat,be(am/is/are/was/were),do/does/did,have/has/had,will/shall/be going to,can/may/must /shall/need,could/should/would/might,have(has)to/had better,连系动词,be(am is are was were)/seem/keep/,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,/,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,/,变得,表语,:,表示,主语,是什么,(,身份,),或者,怎么样,(,处于什么状态,),。,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。,和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说,:,连系动词,后面的就,/,才是,表语,!,He,is,a boy,.,She,is,a girl,.,They,are,students,.,They,are,good,.,He,looks/seems,ill,.,The apple,tastes,nice,.,Trees,turn,green,.,Your idea,sounds,good,.,主语 连系动词 表语,连系动词,主,系,表,结构,（,SVP,）,=,主语,+,连系动词,+,表语,Mr.Li,is,a good teacher,.,The movie,is,interesting/wonderful,.,He,feels,hungry,.,The flower,looks,beautiful,.,主语,Subject,:,表示句子所说的是,“什么人”,或,“什么事物”,。,也就是,动作的发出者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语,Predicate,:,说明主语,“做什么”,、,“是什么”,或者,“怎么样”,。,也就是,做了什么行为动作,或,处于什么状态,。,谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用,动词,。,宾语,Object,:,表示动作、行为的,对象,。,也就是,动作的接受者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗,咬,人,。,主语 谓语 宾语,人,追,狗,。,主语 谓语 宾语,及物动词,是,后面可以直接跟宾语的动词,:see/hear/drank/eat/,I,saw,him,last week.,We,heard,the bad news,yesterday.,They,eat,bread,every day.,He,drank,a glass of milk,just now.,不及物动词,是,后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词,:laugh/smile/look/listen/,She,smiled,happily.,They,laughed,loudly.,如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助,:,She,look,at,the blackboard,carefully.,He,listened,to,his teacher,in class.,They,laughed,at,us,after the match.,什么是,及物动词,和,不及物动词,呢,?!,The doctor,listened,carefully.,The worker,ran,fast.,The boy,is fishing,.,The girl,dances,well.,The duck,is swimming,.,The woman,walks,slowly.,主,谓,结构,（,SV,）,=,主语,+,谓语动词,不及物动词,He,likes,basketball game,.,He,plays,computer games,every day.,He,played,soccer,yesterday.,He,is playing,the guitar,now.,及物动词,主,谓,宾,结构,（,SVO,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们放风筝。,They,fly,the kites.,风筝在天上飞。,The kites,fly,in the sky.,He,gave,me,a present,.,She,teaches,us,.,She,teaches,English,.,She,teaches,us,English,.,She,told,me,a story,.,及物动词,主,谓,双宾,结构,（,SVOiOd,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,(A)buy/build/catch/cut,choose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/do,He bought me a new bike.,也可以改为,for sb.,的句式,He bought a new bike,for,me.,(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay,/,write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/hand,She lent me a book.,也可以改为,to sb.,的句式,She lent a book,to,me.,主,谓,宾,宾补,结构,（,SVOC,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾语的补足语,He,told,me,to clean my room,.,I,saw,her,dancing,.,Our teacher,asks,us,to read English,every day,.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/make,sb.,do,sth,.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/get/,sb.,to do,sth,.,expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feel,sb.,do,sth,.,sb.,doing,sth,.,help,sb.,(to)do,sth,.,hope,和,welcome,比较特殊我们可以说,:,I,hope,to visit your school.,I,hope,that you can visit our school.,I,wish,you to visit our school.,Welcome,to visit our school.,You are,welcome,to visit our school.,Welcome,to our school.,但不可以说：,I,hope,/,welcome,you,to visit our school,.,1,主系表型,She,is,a very good girl,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),The girl,is,very good,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),2,主谓型,_,式,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,fly,in the sky.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,词,),_,式,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),_,式,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),_,式,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),原来也蛮简单的哦,!,我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1,主系表型,She,is,a very good girl,.,(,主语,)(,连系动词,)(,表语,),The girl,is,very good,.,(,主语,)(,连系动词,)(,表语,),2,主谓型,主谓式,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,fly,in the sky.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,),主谓宾式,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,),主谓宾宾式,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,),主谓宾宾补式,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,),keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并,理解,be,动词的双重身份,（连系动词,助动词）,第二部,专题,句型,简单句和并列句,考点揭密,中考考点设置,典型例题解析,课时训练,考点揭密,(,一,),简单句,由一个主语,(,或并列主语,),和一个谓语,(,或并列谓语,),所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语,+,谓语。,中考考点设置,(,二,),并列句,由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句,(,即简单句,),连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句,+,并列连词,+,简单句,常用的连词有,and,but,or not only.but also,neither.nor,either.or,(1),并列连词的选用。,(2),并列连词与从属连词的区别。,【,例,1】John likes walking in the open air,.,2001,吉林,A.so does Tom B.also does Tom,C.tom likes also D.so Tom does,典型例题解析,【,例,3】There will be a volleyball match in our school,?,2002,福州,A.be there B.is there,C.will there D.wont there,A,【,例,2】Joke broke his leg,，,_?,2001,南京,A.did he B.,didn,t he,C.do you D.dont you,B,D,【,例,4】Neither he nor I_from Canada.,We are from Australia.,2002,山西,A.is B.are,C.am D.be,典型例题解析,C,【,例,5】There is a lot of_in the box,2002,吉林,A.cake B.bags of cakes,C.milk D.bags of milk,C,1.We cant live_water.,A.with B.has C.havent D.without,2.We must hurry，_we will be late for school.,A.and B.or C.but D.if,3._you_she are like English.,A.Both.and B.Neither.nor,C.Either.or D.Not only.but also,4.The number of the students_50.,A.are B.am C.is D.have,5.He was tired,_he still went on working.,A.and B.but C.or D.also,课时训练,(D),(B),(A),(C),(B),课时训练,6._Lily_Lucy can go with you.,Because one of them must look after their mother at home.,A.Neither.nor B.Either.or,C.Both.and D.No only.but also,7._is made of _.,A.Glasses，glasses B.A glass，glass,C.Glasses，glasses D.A glass，glasses,8.We are very tired,we should have_rest.,A.half an hour B.an hour,C.half a hours D.an hours,9.I heard her_in the next room.,A.singing B.sang C.go sing D.sing,(B),(B),(A),(D),10.I usually have breakfast at home.,_.,A.So have I B.So do I,C.I have so D.I do so,11.Open the door，_?,A.will you B.wont you,C.dont you D.do you,12.He found_interesting to learn English.,A.it B.this C.that D.those,课时训练,(B),(B),(A),13.You usually play football after school,dont you?,_.But today I want to read English.,A.Yes,，,I do B.No,I dont,C.No,I dont D.No,，,I do,14._good weather it is today!,A.How B.How a C.What D.What a,15.He,hasn,t finished the work yet,has he?,_.He finished it yesterday.,A.Yes,he has B.No,he,hasn,t,C.Yes,he,hasn,t D.No,he has,16.Lets talk about the picture,_?,A.will you B.wont you,C.shall we D.,shan,t we,课时训练,(A),(C),(A),(C),17.Its a beautiful day.,_.,A.so is it B.so it is,C.so does it D.so it does,18.There is going to _a sports meeting next week.,A.have B.has C.hold D.be,19.The weather in Beijing is worse than _ in,Nanjing,.,A.that B.those C.it D.this,25._TV is my mothers hobby.,A.Watch B.Watching,C.Seeing D.See,课时训练,B,D,A,B,句型转换,1.The mountain is very beautiful.(,改为感叹句,),_ _beautiful mountain it is!,2.How is the weather in China?(,改为同义句,),_the weather _in China.,3.The boy is the most careless in his class.(,改为同义句,),The boy is _ _than,_,boy in his class.,4.He,didn,t watch TV,，,his mother,didn,t either.(,改为同义句,),_he _his mother watched TV.,5.I spent the whole afternoon learning English.(,同上,),I spent _ _ _learning English.,课时训练,What a,Whats,like,more careless,any other,Neither,nor,all the afternoon,6.I spent 100,yuan,on the coat.(,同上,),I _100,yuan,_the coat.,I,_,100,yuan,_the coat.,The coat _me 100,yuan,.,7.The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(,同上,),The visitors,_ _,in Beijing.,8.He will come back,in a week.,(,对划线部分提问,),_ _will he come back?,9.He has never been abroad.(,改为反意疑问句,),He has never been abroad,，,_ _?,10.Dont go alone.(,改为反意疑问句,),Dont go alone,_ _?,课时训练,paid,for,spent,buying,cost,enjoyed themselves,How soon,has he,will you,See you next time!,