初三英语上册U3Grammar.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 Grammar,英语句子的结构,在英语学习中，我们会发现英语句子的结构是千变万化的。但是，如果掌握了由单词组成句子的规律，就能用学过的单词说出或写出完整、正确的句子。,英语词语在句子中的排列顺序是组成句子、理解句子的关,键。一个完整的英语句子，至少是由主语和谓语两个主要部分,组成。,主语,(Subject),：是所谈及的人或事物，是句子叙述的主题，一般位于谓语动词之前（疑问句、祈使句和,there be,句型除外）。,谓语,(Predicate),：是与主语密切相关的动作或状态，是对主语的叙述，其形式（如单复数、人称等）要由主语决定，与主语保持一致。,例如：,The,S,un,was shining,.,主语谓语,英语句子除了主语、谓语外，还有以下这些,成,分：,宾语,(Object),：表示动作的承受者，也可表示动作的结果。,Everybody likes her.(,宾语,her,动作的承受者,),She is writing a letter now.,（宾语,a letter,动作的结果）,表语,(Predicative),：和系动词一道构成谓语。,She is,a beautiful girl,.,表语,定语,(Attribute),：修饰名词、代词等。,Her hospital isnt very big.(定语her，修饰名词,hospital),But everyone in the hospital works hard.(定语,in the hospital，修饰代词everyone）,状语(Adverbial)：修饰动词、形容词或副词,。,She goes to work very early.,（状语very early，修饰动词goes to work),She feels very happy.,（状语very，修饰形容词happy),表语,(Predicative),：也称为补足语，是指在一些本,身虽有一定词汇意义但却不能单独表达完整概念,的动词（如,be,）之后所必须添加的词或短语。这种,添加部分不是该动词的动作承受者，而只是对其表,意的一种必不可少的补充，是对主语的一种说明或,描述。,连系动词和表语,连系动词：有一类动词，其后必须要跟表语，通常把这类动词叫做连系动词或系动词。,连系动词和表语一起构成句子的谓语,例如：,She,is,a beautiful girl,.,系动词,表语,谓语,The cake,tastes,good,.,系动词,表语,谓语,常作连系动词,用,的动词,表示特征或状态存在的,appear,be,feel,look,seem,smell,sound,taste,等,表示特征或状态持续的,keep,remain,stay,turn,等,表示特征或状态转化的,become,come,fall,get,grow,go,make,turn,wear,等,能作表语用的成分可以是一个词、一个短语或是一个句子,例如：,The dish smells,good,.(,形容词作表语,),We can remain,friends,.,(,名词作表语,),Ill see if he is,around,.(,副词作表语,),The bus stop is just,across the road,.,(,介语短语作表语）,5.The problem was,to find the right place quickly,.,(,不定式作表语,),6.My opinion is,that the plan wont work,.,(,表语从句,),A linking verb is a verb that connects a subject with the adjective or noun that describes it.,We use adjectives after the,linking verb,be,(am/is/are/was/were)to say what somebody or something is like.,Our family lives,are,different.,A Linking verb be,Paula asked Jerry some more questions.Complete their,conversation with the correct form of,be,and the adjectives from the box.Add,not,if necessary.,busy close kind rich wonderful,Paula:Do you get a lot of pocket money?,Jerry:No,I dont get much,as we,(1),_,.But I help in my dads shop,when he(2)_,and he pays me a bit.,arent rich,is busy,Paula:,What do you usually do with your family?,Jerry:,Sometimes my family and I go to the,cinema,together.It(3)_.,Paula:,What do you like most about your parents?,Jerry:,Well,my parents(4)_.We,(5)_ to each other,and they,always support me.,are kind,are close,is wonderful,busy close kind rich wonderful,We use adjectives after these,linking verbs,to describe,somebody or something or talk about how things change:,appear feel look seem smell sound taste,become get go grow turn,You,look/seem,tired.,It sometimes,feels,crowded in our little flat.,The dinner,smells,good but,tastes,strange.,New fashions soon,go,out of date.,When people,get,old,their hair,turns,grey.,B Other linking verbs,1.,凡是变坏，往往用,go,如：,go bad,go mad,go crazy,go wrong,go sour,go deaf,2.,习惯上用,turn,表示,颜色的变化,如：,turn red,turn yellow,turn green,3.,夜短日长的变化用,get,如：,The days get longer and nights get shorter,.,I,t was getting dark.,4.,谈职业时，多用,become,如：,become a teacher,become a writer,谈变化的词,go,turn,get,become,的用法区别：,Complete the speech bubbles in the cartoon below with,the correct forms of the linking verbs and the adjectives,from the boxes,.,get look sound,go seem taste,angry expensive hungry,bad happy terrible,gone bad,tastes terrible,seems,expensive,get look sound,go seem taste,angry expensive hungry,bad happy terrible,s,ound,s angry,getting hungry,get look sound,go seem taste,angry expensive hungry,bad happy terrible,C,Linking verbs followed by nouns or noun phrases,Some,l,inking verbs,can be followed by a noun or noun phrase.,I,am,a good daughter.,He,became,a doctor.,They,seem,a happy family.,After the company was bought,he,remained,the manager.,Well,remain,friends forever.,Use the words in brackets to answer the questions.,Then,practise,these conversations in pairs.,1 S1:What did your cousin do when he left school?,S2:(become/football player),2 S1:Youve visited many countries.Which is the best?,S2:(China/remain/best place/world/for me),3 S1:Which is the hottest month of the year?,S2:(August/be/hottest month),He became a football player.,China remains the best place in the world for me.,August is the hottest month of the year.,Use the words in brackets to answer the questions.,Then,practise,these conversations in pairs.,4 S1:What do you think of that girl?,S2:(appear/very kind person),5 S1:What do you like most about your father?,S2:(be/happiest man/world),She appears a very kind person.,He is the happiest man in the world.,1._ everyone here today?,A.Be B.Are C.Is D.Am,2.Harry is older than I.But he _ younger,than I.,A.look B.looks C.looked D.looking,3.It _ like the singing of the birds.,A.sounds,B.looks,C.smells,D.tastes,4.This kind of cake tastes _.,A.good,B.well,C.to be good,D.to be well,C,B,A,A,5.The children all looked _ at the broken,model plane and felt quite _.,A.sad,sad B.sadly,sadly,C.sad,sadly D.sadly,sad,6.This kind of paper _ nice.,A.feel B.to feel C.is feeling D.feels,7.This,M,ath,s,problem is _ and I can do it,_.,A.easy,easily,B.easily,easily,C.easy,easy,D.easily,easy,D,D,A,8.Coffee is ready.How nice it _!,Would you like some?,A.looks B.smells,C.sounds D.feels,9.In winter the days _ colder and colder.,A.gets B.getting C.got D.get,10.He _ pale at the thought.,A.got B.looked,C.turned D.seemed,B,D,C,